经济因素是制约我国农村区域整体发展的最重要的因素，而农村经济的快速 发展始终离不开农村金融机构的支持。从我国目前整个金融环境来看，农村金融 一直是最薄弱的环节，亟待改进和发展。但受诸多风险因素的影响，加上长期以 来积累的弊病较多，我国农村金融机构转变和改革较为困难。此外，政府为了加 快农村地区的发展速度，促进城乡经济协调发展，先后开展了美丽乡村建设、实 施了乡村振兴战略、制定了脱贫攻坚目标。在这一系列的重大利好背景下，作为 农村金融的主力军，农村商业银行也迎来了弥足珍贵的发展机遇。与此同时，农 村商业银行作为从农村信用合作社改制而来的地方性金融机构，发展、成长时间 相对较短，受制于人员、科技、资本等历史原因，风险的经营、控制能力还很薄 弱。这既不利于农村商业银行坚守市场定位，服务三农、服务小微、服务城乡， 完成时代所赋予的使命，也影响了农村商业银行改革转型，限制了自身的发展。 通过改革，完善公司治理、提升内控管理水平、建立有效的全面的风险防范体系， 成为当前摆在农村商业银行面前的重要课题。因此，本文以TH农村商业银行为例， 对其风险控制加以研究，以期完善该农商银行的风险管理体系。 本文基于农村商业银行风险控制相关概念及金融风险相关理论，包括道德风 险理论、金融脆弱性假说、银行挤兑理论以及全面风险管理理论，以TH农村商业 银行为例，对其风险控制现状进行分析，并指出其中存在的问题及其产生的原因， 并结合国内外优秀的经验研究及启示，对TH农村商业银行风险控制水平的提高提 出适合自身发展的对策。首先介绍了本文的研究背景、研究意义，国内外的相关 研究进展以及本文的研究思路和研究方法，并指出本文的创新点以及存在的不足 之处。在此基础上对TH农村商业银行从风险管理组织结构、信用风险管理、市场 风险管理以及操作风险管理四个方面对TH农商业银行风险管理现状进行分析。结 合以上分析，对TH农村商业银行风险控制存在的问题进行探讨，基于相关调查问 卷，从TH农村商业银行体系建设、运行机制、人力资源、农村商业银行流程与组 织架构以及风险监管六个方面进行探讨，并从内部和客观两方面分析问题产生的 原因，其中内部原因包括风险管理意识不强，不良贷款高企、内部管理粗放、人 员结构断层等系列问题没有因为改制而从根本上得到解决，风险控制机制不健全、 II 不完善，风险管理模式简单粗放，公司治理结构不完整，产品开发能力弱，农村 商业银行职工整体素质较差，权责分离不到位、奖惩机制不完善；客观原因包括 农村落后的经济发展限制，我国农村还没有建立起相对完善的征信系统。结合国 内外的优秀经验，TH农村商业银行在风险控制过程中，可不断创新金融产品、政 府可进行适度的干预，还要充分兼顾我国经济体系的具体状况。最后，对TH农村 商业银行风险控制提出相应的对策，首先，应进一步优化TH农村商业银行的内部 环境，主要包括提高农村商业银行风险意识、构建完善的风险防范体制、构建完 善的法人治理结构、加强人才队伍建设以及拓宽资金渠道，优化资本结构对资金 渠道进行扩宽和优化；其次，积极营造适合自身发展的外部环境，包括充分利用 好政府的红利政策，积极适应、落实监管导向，发展信贷保险，转移风险。 风险作为农村商业银行在日常经营管理当中不可避免的一个十分重要的因 素，广泛的分布于银行经营管理的各个方面，从最近几年的实际情况来看，其所 造成的损失也呈现出了不断加大的态势。因此，本文从我国农村经济发展和农村 商业银行发展现状入手，剖析风险发生的主要问题与原因，比较国内外商业银行 的先进管理典范，给出适合我国农村商业银行风险管理的有效性建议，以此来改 善TH农村商业银行的发展现状，不仅使TH农村商业银行更加清晰的认识自身在 风险控制过程中存在的问题及产生的原因，进而为TH农村商业银行提高风险控制 制定合适的对策，还能够增强银行业务经营的安全性、流动性、盈利性，对研究 农村商业银行风险管理方面的改善具有实践性的指导意义。这对于我国农村商业 银行不断提高风险管理水平，有效的增强银行业务经营的安全性、流动性、盈利 性有着十分重要的现实意义。此外，本文结合TH农村商业银行的实际情况，对完 善农村商业银行风险控制制度进行了有效的论述，在很大程度上促进了我国农村 商业银行机构的健康发展。同时，也为国内整个农村商业银行提供借鉴意义。 关键词：农村商业银行；风险控制；监督管理 III Abstract Economic factors are the most important factors restricting the overall development of rural areas in China, and the rapid development of rural economy is always inseparable from the support of rural financial institutions. From the current financial environment in China, rural finance has always been the weakest link, which needs to be improved and developed. However, influenced by many risk factors and many disadvantages accumulated for a long time, the transformation and reform of rural financial institutions in China is more difficult. In addition, in order to speed up the development of rural areas and promote the coordinated development of urban and rural economy, the government has successively carried out the construction of beautiful villages, implemented the strategy of rural revitalization, and formulated the goal of poverty alleviation. In this series of significant favorable background, as the main force of rural finance, rural commercial banks also ushered in precious development opportunities. At the same time, rural commercial banks, as the local financial institutions from the rural credit cooperatives, have a relatively short development and growth time. Restricted by historical reasons such as personnel, science and technology, capital and so on, the ability of risk management and control is still weak. This is not conducive to rural commercial banks adhere to the market positioning, service for agriculture, rural areas, micro businesses, urban and rural areas, complete the mission of the times, but also affects the reform and transformation of rural commercial banks, limiting their own development. Through the reform, improving corporate governance, improving the level of internal control and management, and establishing an effective and comprehensive risk prevention system, has become an important issue in front of rural commercial banks. Therefore, this paper takes th rural commercial bank as an example to study its risk control in order to improve its risk management system. Based on the related concepts of risk control and financial risk theory of rural commercial banks, including moral risk theory, financial vulnerability hypothesis, bank run theory and comprehensive risk management theory, this paper takes th rural commercial banks as an example to analyze the current situation of risk control, points out the existing problems and the causes, and combines the excellent experience at home and abroad Research and enlightenment, to the th rural commercial bank risk control level enhancement proposed suits the own development countermeasure. First of IV all, it introduces the research background, research significance, research progress at home and abroad, research ideas and research methods, and points out the innovation and shortcomings of this paper. On this basis, the paper analyzes the risk control status of th rural commercial bank from four aspects: risk management organization structure, credit risk management status, market risk management site and operational risk management status. Combined with the above analysis, this paper discusses the problems existing in th rural commercial bank risk control. Based on the relevant questionnaire, this paper discusses the six aspects of th rural commercial bank system construction, operation mechanism, human resources, rural commercial bank process and organizational structure as well as risk supervision, and analyzes the causes of the problems from the internal and objective aspects, including the internal causes A series of problems, such as weak awareness of risk management, non-performing loans, high enterprises, extensive internal management and personnel structure fault, have not been fundamentally solved due to the restructuring, imperfect risk control mechanism, imperfect and simple extensive risk management mode, incomplete corporate governance structure, weak product development ability, poor overall quality of rural commercial bank employees, and no separation of rights and responsibilities The objective reasons include the backward economic development restriction in rural areas, and the relatively perfect credit system has not been established in rural areas of China. Combined with the excellent experience at home and abroad, th rural commercial bank can innovate financial products continuously, the government can intervene moderately in the process of