I 摘要 在过去几年，在经济全球化的大背景下，伴随我国金融体制的改革，各地方性商 业银行效益也得到快速提升。高发展相伴而来的是高投入，各商业银行每年进行集中 采购金额数字庞大，是占据商业银行每年运营成本的一大因素，对银行的利润控制起 到很大的影响。因此，各商业银行应该制定积极的方案，建立积极、科学的采购管理 体系，并完善采购管理模式，对道德风险进行控制的同时提升采购的质量，对整个集 中采购领域加强管理，做好运营成本的控制，通过节流控制利润，对资源进行合理配 置，提高资金的效益，时刻保持商业银行的竞争力。 本论文以S银行苏州分行为研究对象，分析其采购管理问题。首先，论文分析了 商业银行设备采购过程中配置不合理、投入资金没有有效利用、使用率和完好率偏低、 对设备采购后期的维护费用考虑较少、经济效益和社会效益均未达到预期目标等一系 列问题及其原因。其次，论文需要解决在供货商提供的产品的规格、质量、服务等一 定的情况下，商业银行如何准确、合理的采购降低进价、减少库存、降低各种费用的 支出，使其获得更大的利润，提高自身的竞争力。或者，在总购买金额一定的情况下， 商业银行如何通过科学、合理的统筹配置实现利润最大化或者浪费最小。所以，商业 银行对设备采购尤其是常用的设备的采购进行科学的统筹安排和事后的评价分析是 相当必要的，在建立商业银行设备采购数学模型中，要满足业务需求，否则轻则浪费， 占用资金，延误工期，重则会使银行重大业务项目不能实施，贻误商机。本文引入了 全生命周期费用、系统效率和费用的基本概念及应用，对优化理论所研究的最优解的 问题进行了分析，最后，论文对优化理论务必对线性规划的问题进行讨论研究，制定 出了具体的研究方法、研究路线及所研究的具体内容。并且，结合国内对采购与供应 链管理，商业银行采购管理模式、采购管理理论、集中采购的理论，流程管理的理论 的相关文献，建立实用并且简单的采购模型，并提出对应的采购方案与优化对策。 通过对S银行苏州分行的设备采购问题进行分析，结果表明，优化后的采购方案 能够使得设备采购工作更加的规范，流程更加清晰明了，使采购效率得到进一步提升， 可以指导商业银行在以后的设备采购中更好的科学投资、改善经营管理、提高综合效 益。使得设备采购对整个银行的业务支撑发挥更大的作用，加强采购服务的规范化管 理，从而对全行的价值创造提供保障。 关键词：设备采购管理，全生命周期费用，最优化相关理论，线性规划模型 ABSTRACT III ABSTRACT In the past few years, under the background of economic globalization, and with the reform of China's financial system, the benefits of local commercial Banks have also been improved rapidly. High development accompanied by high input, each commercial bank's annual centralized procurement amount is huge, which is a major factor that accounts for the annual operating cost of commercial Banks, which has a great impact on the bank's profit control. Therefore, commercial Banks should make positive plans, establish an active and scientific purchasing management system, improve the procurement management mode, improve the quality of procurement while controlling moral hazard, strengthen the management of the whole centralized purchasing area, control the operation cost, make rational allocation of resources through the control of the flow control, improve the efficiency of funds, and maintain the competitiveness of commercial Banks at all times. This paper takes commercial bank equipment procurement as the case, analyzes the unreasonable allocation of the equipment in the equipment procurement process of commercial Banks, fails to make effective use of the investment funds, the low utilization rate and the completion rate, the maintenance cost of the equipment procurement in the late period, the economic benefits and social benefits have not met the expected goals and so on. Detailed analyses, it is need to be solved in the supplier to provide product specifications, quality, service and so on some cases, commercial Banks how to accurately, reasonable purchase lower purchase price, reduce inventory, reduce the costs of all kinds of spending, make its greater profits, improve their competitiveness. Or, if the total purchase amount is certain, how can commercial Banks maximize their profits or minimize their waste through scientific and reasonable coordination? Therefore, it is quite necessary for commercial Banks to carry out scientific planning and post-evaluation analysis on the procurement of equipment procurement, especially common equipment. In establishing a mathematical model of commercial bank equipment procurement, it is necessary to meet the business requirements, otherwise, it will be wasted, occupied capital, and delayed construction period, which will make the major business projects of the bank fail to be implemented, and the business opportunities will be missed. The lifecycle cost, this paper introduces the basic concepts and applications of the system efficiency and cost, also the optimization theory studies the optimal solution of the problem was analyzed, and the 西安电子科技大学硕士学位论文 IV optimization theory is important to research on linear programming problems are discussed, combined with the above method, made a specific research method, research route and the specific content of the study. And, combined with domestic procurement and supply chain management, procurement management, procurement management theory of commercial bank, centralized purchasing theory, the theory of process management of related literature and books to read, to establish a practical and simple procurement model, with this model produced after the corresponding procurement plan. Through the example of equipment procurement in suzhou branch of S bank, the optimized procurement plan can make the equipment procurement work more standardized, the process is clearer, and the procurement efficiency is further improved, which can guide the commercial Banks to better invest in science, improve management and improve the comprehensive benefit in future equipment procurement. Make the equipment procurement play a greater role in the whole bank's business support, strengthen the standardized management of the procurement service, thus providing guarantee for the value creation of the whole bank. Keywords: Equipment procurement management, Life cycle cost, Mathematical model, Linear programming theory 插图索引 V 插图索引 图1. 1 研究框架 ..................... 4 图2. 1 产品生命周期成本 ... 10 图4. 1 Matlab软件对目标函数软件求解 ........... 33 图4. 2 Matlab软件计算结果 34 表格索引 VII 表格索引 表4. 1 三家供应商提供的设备信息 ................... 27 表4. 2 三家厂商不同指标得分情况 ................... 31 符号对照表 IX 符号对照表 无 缩略语对照表 XI 缩略语对照表 缩略语 英文全称 中文对照 QCDS Quantity、Cost、Delivery、Service 质量、成本、供货、服务 LCC Life Cycle Cost 寿命周期费用 CI Cost of investment 投资成本 CO Cost of operation 运行成本 CM Cost of maintenance 养护成本 CF Cost of fault 维修成本 CD Cost of disposal 废置处理成本 目录 XIII 目录 摘要 ............ I ABSTRACT ........................... III 插图索引 .. V 表格索引 VII 符号对照表 ............................ IX 缩略语对照表 ........................ XI 目录 ...... XIII 第一章 绪论 ............................ 1 1.1 研究背景及意义 ............ 1 1.1.1 研究背景 ................ 1 1.1.2 研究意义 ................ 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ............ 2 1.2.1 国外研究现状 ........ 2 1.2.2 国内研究现状 ........ 3 1.3 研究方法和研究框架 .... 4 1.3.1 研究方法 ................ 4 1.3.2 研究内容及框架 .... 5 第二章 采购管理概念与相关理论 ....................... 7 2.1 设备采购管理概念与运行机制 ................... 7 2.1.1 采购管理概念 ........ 7 2.1.2 商业银行采购管理运行机制 ............... 7 2.2 采购管理相关理论 ........ 9 2.2.1 全生命周期费用相关理论 ................. 10 2.2.2 运筹学（最优化）相关理论 ............. 13 2.3 采购管理理论评述 ...... 17 第三章 S银行苏州分行设备采购管理现状及问题分析 ................. 19 3.1 S银行苏州分行简介 ... 19 3.2 S银行苏州分行设备采购管理现状 .......... 19 3.2.1 S银行苏州分行设备采购种类 ........... 19 3.2.2 S银行苏州分行设备采购供应商选择 .............................. 20 3.2.3 S银行苏州分行设备采购流程 ........... 20 西安电子科技大学硕士学位论文 XIV 3.2.4 S银行苏州分行采购人员配备 ........... 21 3.3 S银行苏州分行设备采购管理存在问题分析 ......................... 2