大数据作为目前互联网技术的最前沿的领域之一，已经和我们生活息息相关，被 应用到从商业科技到医疗、政府、教育、经济、人文以及社会其他各个领域，可以说 大数据的应用越来越广泛，应用的行业也越来越多。而拥有海量数据的银行业对大数 据的应用正在彻底改变其运营模式和经营理念。大数据在商业银行的应用方向为：客 户智能、产品智能、风险智能和运营智能。商业银行是以经营风险作为本质的企业， 作为银行能否稳健经营的生命线，风险管理尤其是其中的信用风险管理尤为重要，且 它的成败往往攸关银行的生死存亡。因此，对商业银行来说，研究大数据背景下信用 风险管理具有重要意义。本文就是以大基于大数据的信用风险管控为研究对象，探究 大数据在商业银行信用风险管理中的应用。 本文以J银行为例，首先对大数据的概念、特征、应用现状和信用风险的概念， 商业银行信用风险管理的内涵与目标进行简要论述，对大数据技术在商业银行信用风 险管理领域的应用必要性进行概述；其次对J银行信用风险管理领域大数据应用进行 了SWOT分析，进行了优劣势比较分析；再次探讨了大数据背景下J银行信用风险管 理领域具体应用实践面临的问题，主要关注大数据存储和开发方面、大数据信息安全、 大数据信用风险管理分析人才匮乏、构建企业级信用风险管理统一视图的问题；最后 给出了大数据时代J银行信用风险管理领域的应对之策，提出在大数据背景下，通过 实施大数据战略提升数据开发应用能力、强化数据安全、加强专业分析人才培养、构 建信用风险管理大数据统一分析与预警平台等措施来提高和完善商业银行信用风险 管理力。 研究结果将不仅对大型国有商业银行未来信用风险管理具有非常现实的指导意 义；同时，也将为大数据时代下银行业如何更稳健经营提升信用风险管控能力提供借 鉴。 关键词：商业银行 大数据 信用风险 I Abstract As one of the most cutting-edge fields of internet technology nowadays, big data have been closely related to our life and applied to various fields, from business technology to medical care, government, education, economy, humanity and other fields in society. It can be stated that big data are applied increasingly extensive, and in more and more industries. The banking industry with massive data is changing its business model and operation philosophy by the application of big data. The application direction of big data in commercial banks will be: customer intelligence, product intelligence, risk intelligence and operational intelligence. Commercial banks are the enterprises of a nature of taking operational risks. As the lifeline for banks to maintain steady operation, risk management, especially credit risk management, is particularly important, the success of which is vital to the survival of banks.Therefore, it is important significance for commercial banks construct of intelligent risk management based on big data. This paper researches on the intelligent risk management of commercial banks, and explores the application of big data in the risk management of commercial banks. Taking the J-bank as an example, this article first briefly discusses the concept, characteristics and connotation of big data, the concept of credit risk, the connotation and objective of credit risk management of commercial banks, and summarizes the application of big data technology in the field of credit risk management of commercial banks. Secondly, this article discusses, in terms of opportunity, the impact of big data application on the J-bank, and analyzes the current situation of credit risk management of the J-bank and the necessity of big data application in the field of credit risk management. Thirdly, this article discusses the issues that the J-bank is facing in the practice of application of big data in the field of credit risk management, which mainly focuses on the issues of storage and development of big data, information security of big data, shortage of talents in big data analysis in the field of credit risk management, and construction of a unified view of enterprise-level credit risk management. Finally, this article provides the solution for credit risk management of J-bank in the era of big data, which proposes, under the background of big data, to improve and consummate the credit risk management capability of commercial banks by strengthening the mindset for big data, improving the ability of data application, strengthening data security, strengthening professional analysis personnel training and constructing an unified analysis and alert platform for big data in credit risk management. This research result will not only have practical guiding significance for the future credit risk management of large state-owned commercial banks, but also will enlighten the banking industry to maintain more steady operation and improve credit risk management and control ability in the era of big data. Key words: commercial banks, big data, credit risk II 目 录 摘要.............................................................................I Abstract.........................................................................II 第1章 绪论 ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景和意义 ............................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究文献综述 ....................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 国外研究综述 ............................................................................................ 2 1.2.2 国内研究综述 ............................................................................................ 2 1.3 研究内容、方法和技术路线 ........................................................................... 3 1.3.1 研究内容 .................................................................................................... 3 1.3.2 研究思路与方法 ........................................................................................ 4 1.3.3 技术路线 .................................................................................................... 5 1.4 本文创新点 ....................................................................................................... 7 第2章 大数据与商业银行信用风险管理概述 .............................................................. 8 2.1 大数据的概念、特征及应用现状 ................................................................... 8 2.1.1 大数据的概念 ............................................................................................ 8 2.1.2 大数据的特征 ............................................................................................ 9 2.1.3 大数据的应用现状 .................................................................................. 10 2.2 大数据背景下商业银行信用风险管理概述 ................................................. 11 2.2.1 信用风险基本概念与特征 ...................................................................... 11 2.2.2 商业银行传统信用风险管理概述 .......................................................... 11 2.2.3 大数据在商业银行信用风险管理应用的必要性 .................................. 12 2.2.4 商业银行信用风险管理领域大数据应用现状 ...................................... 13 第3章 J银行信用风险管理现状及大数据应用必要性分析 ...................................... 15 3.1 J银行信用风险管理现状 .................................................................................. 15 3.1.1 J银行简介 ............................................................................................... 15 3.1.2 J银行当前信用风险管控形势 ............................................................... 15 III 3.2 J银行信用风险管理领域大数据应用必要性的定性分析 .............................. 17 3.2.1 优势分析 .................................................................................................. 17 3.2.2 劣势分析 .................................................................................................. 17 3.2.3 机会分析 .................................................................................................. 18 3.2.4 威胁分析 .................................................................................................. 18 3.3 J银行信用风险管理领域大数据应用必要性的定量分析 ....................