文本描述
分类号密级
U D C 编号
硕士学位论文
货币政策担保品框架与企业投资
研究生姓名:黄惊金
指导教师姓名、职称:邓伟副教授
申请者类别:全日制硕士
学科门类:管理学
专业名称:财务管理
研究方向:公司财务
入学时间:二〇一九年九月
二〇二二年五月二十六日
Central Bank Collateral Framework
and Corporate Investment
Huang Jingjin
2022.5.26
中南财经政法大学学位论文独创性声明和使用授权声明
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人承担。
论文作者(签名):
2022年5月26日
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论文作者(签名):
2022年5月26日
货币政策担保品框架与企业投资
摘要
近年来,如何有效引导企业投资“脱虚返实”促进实业经济发展,成为社会各界
关注的焦点。我国央行于2013年推出创新型的借贷便利类货币政策,并基于此创设
了合格担保品框架,首次将AAA 级公司信用类债券纳入合格担保品范围。在货币政
策担保品框架下,商业银行等金融机构可以合格担保品为质押向中央银行申请资金借
贷,央行则通过限定担保品范围引导金融机构向国家政策倾斜领域投放信贷资金,而
合格担保品框架是否能支持企业实体投资增长、促进实业经济发展仍有待实证检验。
本文以央行创设合格担保品框架为准自然实验,以2008—2017年在银行间市场发行
债券的公司为样本,运用双重差分法考察货币政策担保品框架创设与企业投资的关系。
本文的研究结论如下。第一,货币政策担保品框架创设会显著促进企业投资增长。
担保品框架创设可以通过信贷融资渠道缓解企业“融资难、融资贵”问题,具体表现
为扩大企业信贷融资规模、降低企业信贷融资成本、缓解企业融资约束,进而促进企
业投资正向增长。第二,货币政策担保品框架创设会显著抑制企业的金融资产投资,
发挥着日益增强的“脱虚返实”效应。第三,基于异质性分析,相比于国有企业与大
规模企业,货币政策担保品框架创设能更显著地促进民营企业和小规模企业投资“脱
虚返实”。第四,基于企业投资结构分析,就实体投资结构而言,货币政策担保品框
架创设能够促使企业同时增加有形资产和无形资产投资,促进实体投资的均衡增长。
就金融投资期限结构而言,货币政策担保品框架创设能够引导企业减少投机性长期金
融投资,以抑制其对实体投资的“替代”效应;同时促使企业增加短期金融资产投资,
以满足实体经营规模扩大对流动性需求的增加,发挥金融资产的“蓄水池”效应,整
体上实现了“引导金融服务实体”的政策目标。第五,从投资绩效来看,货币政策担
保品框架创设能够显著促进企业投资绩效向好发展。综上,货币政策担保品框架创设
能从“量”和“质”两方面扩大企业实体投资规模,优化企业整体投资结构,引导企
业投资“脱虚返实”。
现有学者主要关注货币政策担保品框架对于担保品债券信用利差、目标企业融资
成本的影响,鲜少对担保品框架创设与企业投资的关系展开研究,也缺乏影响机制的
相关讨论。本文明确了担保品框架创设通过改善企业融资进而扩大企业投资的传导机
制,丰富了货币政策担保品框架效果的研究。本文检验证明担保品框架创设有利于引
导企业投资“脱虚返实”,这为解决我国经济“脱实向虚”问题提供了新思路。进一
步地,央行可利用担保品框架辅助货币政策调控,通过限定担保品范围引导信贷资源
流向政策支持领域,进而调整经济结构促进实业经济发展;与此同时,央行也需注重
担保品框架和担保品市场的建设和完善,加强流动性监控,合理控制信用风险。
关键词:货币政策担保品框架;AAA 级债券;企业投资;脱虚返实
1
货币政策担保品框架与企业投资
Abstract
In recent years,how to effectively guide corporate investment “transferring from the
fictitious economy to the real economy”and promote the development of real economy
have become the focus of attention.In 2013,the People’s Bank of China launched
innovative monetary policy tools,lending facilities,and created the collateral framework
on the basis of tools,which including AAA corporate credit bonds into qualified collateral
for the first time.In the background of collateral framework,commercial banks can borrow
funds from the central bank on the basis of eligible collateral.At the same time,the central
bank can lead financial institutions to pour credit funds to the fields of national policy
supporting by limiting the collateral qualification.Whether the collateral framework can
support the growth of corporate investment,or promote the development of real economy
still remains to be empirically tested.Based on the quasi-natural experiment of the
collateral framework created by the People’s Bank of China,we take companies that
issued bonds in the interbank market from 2008to 2017as samples to investigate the
relationship between the creation of collateral framework and corporate investment by
using the Differences-in-Differences method.
The conclusions are as follows.Firstly,the creation of collateral framework can
effectively promote corporate investment.The collateral framework can alleviate the
financing problem and promote corporate investment by expanding the scale of credit
financing,reducing the cost of credit financing and easing the financing constraints of
corporates.Secondly,the creation of collateral framework can significantly inhibit the
financial investment of corporates,which exerts the increasing effect of “transferring from
the fictitious economy to the real economy”.Thirdly,based on the heterogeneity analysis,
compared with state-owned corporates and large-scale corporates,the creation of collateral
framework can significantly promote private corporates and small-scale corporates to
return to real investment.Fourthly,based on the analysis of corporate investment structure,
in terms of real investment structure,the creation of collateral framework can promote
enterprises to increase investment in tangible assets and intangible assets at the same time,
which promotes the balanced growth of real investment.In terms of financial investment
structure,the creation of collateral framework can guide enterprises to reduce speculative
long-term financial investment,which restrains the substitution effect of financial
investment for real investment.The creation of collateral framework can encourage
enterprises to increase short-term financial assets investment to meet the demand for
liquidity with the increasing real investment,which realizes the reservoir effect of
short-term financial investment and the policy goal of “guiding finance to service entities”.
Fifthly,the creation of collateral framework can significantly increase the investment
performance.In conclusion,the creation of collateral framework can promote the scale of
corporate real investment from the aspect of “quantity”,and improve the overall
I