上 海 对 外 贸 易 学 院 2011年 攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试 《英语翻译基础》试题 适用翻译硕士专业 （全部试题均做在答题纸上，否则不予得分） 一、Phrases translation: (60 points) 1. EC 2. Combined transport 3. Optical fiber communication 4. Confucianism 5. Force majeure 6. Individually-owned enterprise 7. To beg off 8. Parent company 9. Independent foreign policy of peace 10.Asset management 11.Legal person shares 12.Standard Chartered Bank 13.IPO 14.Non-performing loan 15.ECSC 1.学士学位 2.专门从事 3.益损 4.社会保障体系 5.可再生资源 6.自由贸易区 7.小康社会 8.万有引力定律 9.一份工资较低的工作 10.生态系统 11.人口过度增长 12.民工 13.自有品牌产品 14.社会稳定 15.酸雨 二、Paragraphs translation: (90 points) 1. Translate the following passage into Chinese: The Literature of Knowledge and the Literature of Power What is it that we mean by literature? Popularly, and amongst the thoughtless, it is held to include everything that is printed in a book. Little logic is required to disturb that definition. The most thoughtless person is easily made aware that in the idea of literature one essential element is some relation to a general and common interest of man—so that what applies only to a local, or professional, or merely personal interest, even though presenting itself in the shape of a book, will not belong to Literature. So far the definition is easily narrowed; and it is as easily expanded. For not only is much that takes a station in books not literature; but inversely, much that really is literature never reaches a station in books. The weekly sermons of Christendom, that vast pulpit literature which acts so extensively upon the popular mind—to warn, to uphold, to renew, to comfort, to alarm—does not attain the sanctuary of libraries in the ten-thousandth part of its extent. The Drama again—as, for instance, the finest of Shakespeares plays in England, and all leading Athenian plays in the noontide of the Attic stage—operated as a literature on the public mind, and were (according to the strictest letter of that term) published through the audiences that witnessed their r