摘要
摘要
近两年，商业银行遭遇强监管、弱市场、疫情、汛情的多重打击，加上银保
监局要求商业银行要给实体经济进一步让利，致使利润增长乏力。特别对于城商
行来说，规模小、抗风险能力弱，信用风险加速暴露，盈利能力持续下降。同时，
伴随着互联网金融大举进军市场，各大金融机构凭借金融科技赋能，研发一系列
金融科创产品，以此来降低成本消耗。万德最新数据显示， 2021年中国市场电
子商务交易规模已达到 48.63万亿元，增长比率 32.44%；快速发展的电商平台已
成为拉动电子商务市场发展的中流砥柱。人民银行官方网站公布的《 2021年上
半年金融统计数据报告》提到，截至 6月末商业银行人民币存款余额324.62万
亿元，同比少增 6054亿元，增速比上年同期低 0.8个百分点。这主要是由于传
统的银行存款收益远远低于互联网理财基金等收益，如 2021年我国银行一年期
定期存款利率仅为 1.5%，与余额宝 2.1%的收益率相差较大。由此看来互联网新
兴金融模式和电子商务平台在将来的发展空间将会不断扩大。因此，在互联网金
融浪潮的席卷下，我国商业银行应积极应对同时尽快调整其盈利模式。
本文首先阐述了互联网金融、盈利模式及基础理论的概念，其次对国外商业
银行盈利模式及我国目前商业银行盈利发展现状进行了具体介绍，对比发现我国
商业银行盈利模式现存的不足之处，进而得出一些转型的经验启示。
再次介绍了 ZZ银行近年来的发展历程以及当前面临的严峻外部环境。在此
基础上，以 ZZ银行为例，对其在互联网金融背景下盈利模式进行分析研究，通
过横向和纵向数据对比分析，得出在互联网金融背景下 ZZ银行利差收入占比逐
步收窄，手续费及佣金等非利息收入有明显上升趋势，说明 ZZ银行的盈利模式
已有了一定的转变，但是成本还需控制，息差依存度还需降低。
在 ZZ银行盈利模式分析部分，首先从资产负债规模指标、营业收入变化趋
势、中间业务收入变动以及业务体系进行盈利能力分析。随后以近年来的经营指
标数据变化，分析了 ZZ银行盈利模式存在的问题，如利润结构来源单一，贷款
结构失衡等。
最后基于对全文的总结概括，分析了 ZZ银行盈利模式转型面临的机遇与挑
战，并对其后续发展提出优化建议：一是加强资负管理，稳住“利润”；二是优
I
摘要
化存贷款业务，稳住“结构”；三是做大做强特色业务；四是加强互联网金融风
险控制；五是创新中间业务，推动非息收入增长；六是完善线上融资平台，加大
科技投入；七是深入与互联网企业的合作。这些也将对当前其他商业银行的盈利
模式转型有借鉴意义。
关键词：商业银行；互联网金融；盈利模式；
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Abstract
Abstract
In the past two years, commercial banks have suffered multiple blows from
strong supervision, weak markets, epidemics, and floods. In addition, the Bureau of
theChina BankingandInsurance RegulatoryCommission hasrequiredthe
commercial banking industry to make further concessions to the real economy,
resulting in sluggish profit growth. Especially for city commercial banks, which are
small in scale and weak in anti-risk ability, the exposure of credit risk is accelerated,
and theprofitability continues todecline. At the sametime, withthe rapid
development of Internet finance, major financial institutions and Internet platforms
rely on financial technology to innovate a series of financial products and reduce cost
consumption. According to the latest data from Wande, the scale of e-commerce
transactions in the Chinese market in 2020 has reached 48.63 trillion yuan, a growth
rate of 32.44%; the fast-growing e-commerce platform has become the mainstay of
driving the development of the e-commerce market. Internet consumer finance has
brought a whole new change in people's consumption concept, which directly affects
the asset and liability business of commercial banks and reduces the profit margins of
commercial banks. The "Financial Statistics Report for the First Half of 2021"
published on the official website of the People's Bank of China mentioned that as of
the end of June, the balance of RMB deposits in commercial banks was 324.62 trillion
yuan, a decrease of 605.4 billion yuan year-on-year, and the growth rate was 0.8
percentage points lower than the same period last year. This is mainly due to the fact
that the yield of traditional bank deposits is much lower than that of Internet finance.
For example, in 2021, the one-year fixed deposit interest rate of Chinese banks will
only be 1.5%, which is far less than the 2.1% yield of Yu'ebao. From this point of
view, theoverall innovationand developmentspace of Internetfinance and
e-commerce platforms in the future will show a trend of continuous expansion.
Therefore, my country's commercial banks should actively adjust their profit models
in the context of Internet finance.
This paper starts with the concept of Internet finance and profit model, and
introduces the meaning of Internet finance, foreign commercial bank profit model and
the current status of my country's commercial bank profit development. Draw some
lessons for transformation.
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