I 摘要 近年来，信息技术取得了重大突破，并在金融领域得到广泛运用助力金融业的发 展，但反洗钱工作的难度也被相应增加。当前各种金融乱象丛生，互联网借贷、地下 钱庄、网络wxd71b108f461928c9、电信诈骗等涉众型犯罪屡禁不止、持续高发，面对海量的交易数据， 以人工为主的“模型筛选/名单监控-人工甄别”模式的反洗钱数据处理和分析效率已 明显跟不上目前的发展形势。与此同时，随着国际反洗钱制裁情况在联合国及美国等 国家的推动下呈现持续高压态势，商业银行如何将“以风险为本”作为原则，利用先 进的信息科学技术建立高效智能的反洗钱监测分析体系，从而提高反洗钱工作效率， 优化反洗钱管理职能，不仅是银行预防、监测洗钱活动履行社会责任的体现，更是打 击洗钱犯罪的需要。 本文从Y商业银行角度出发，总结并梳理了Y银行内反洗钱合规管理的现状，找 出其实际工作环境下暴露的问题：反洗钱工作缺乏内生动力、反洗钱管理机制待强化、 反洗钱工作存在信息“壁垒”、反洗钱专业人才缺失及反洗钱系统建设待完善等。之 后与问题一一对应，寻找其在政策落实工作中存在问题的根本原因，然后从管理学角 度出发，从外部监管环境、内部管理体系、反洗钱系统建设三个方面设计优化对策。 首先，外部监管环境方面建议从国家层面建立反洗钱信息共享机制和反洗钱奖惩机制， 以从外部环境上改善Y银行反洗钱工作遭遇信息壁垒和缺乏内生动力的问题。其次， 内部管理体系方面则从加强内控机制建设、增配反洗钱人力资源、健全激励约束机制、 强化培训四个角度提出建议，以期改善Y银行内部部门间反洗钱工作协作能力较差、 人才紧缺、员工反洗钱意识不到位、银行内部信息共享程度不高等问题。最后，在反 洗钱智能监测分析体系建设方面，建议引入大数据、人工智能及机器学习等先进的科 学技术，并从整合内部数据、拓宽数据渠道、制定评估并完善可疑交易监测指标、加 强事前事中控制、强化事后控制五个维度入手提供监测体系建设对策，力求能够建设 全面立体的智能监测分析体系。 关键词： 商业银行；反洗钱；合规管理；优化对策 西北农林科技大学硕士学位论文 II ABSTRACT In recent years, great breakthroughs have been made in information technology and it has been widely used in the financial field to help the development of the financial industry, but the difficulty of anti-money laundering has also been increased accordingly. Lending to the current various financial mess, the Internet, underground Banks, network gambling, telecom fraud and other stakeholders in the prohibition of crime, sustained high incidence, in the face of vast amounts of transaction data, mainly artificial "model screening/monitoring list - artificial screening" mode of anti-money laundering efficiency of data processing and analysis has clearly failed to keep pace with the development of this situation. Meanwhile, as the international anti-money laundering sanctions at the United Nations and the United States and other countries under the push of a sustained high pressure situation, commercial Banks how to "based on risk" as a principle, using advanced information science and technology to establish efficient intelligent system of anti-money laundering monitoring and analysis, so as to improve the efficiency of anti-money laundering work, optimize the anti-money laundering management function, is not only a bank money laundering prevention, monitoring, performance of the embodiment of social responsibility, but also the needs of the fight against money laundering crime. From Y perspective of commercial Banks, this paper summarizes and combed the Y bank anti-money laundering compliance management present situation, find out the actual work environment exposed problems: anti-money laundering work lack of endogenous power, anti-money laundering mechanism to strengthen management, information of anti-money laundering work existence "barriers", the lack of professional talents of money laundering and anti-money laundering system construction to be perfect.Then, corresponding to the problems one by one, we searched for the root causes of the problems in policy implementation, and then from the perspective of management, we designed an optimization scheme from three aspects: external regulatory environment, internal management system and anti-money laundering system construction.First of all, from the perspective of external regulatory environment, it is suggested to establish an anti-money laundering information sharing mechanism and an anti-money laundering reward and punishment mechanism at the national level, so as to improve the information barrier and lack of endogenous power encountered in bank Y's anti-money laundering work from the ABSTRACT III external environment.Second, the internal management system, from strengthening the construction of internal control mechanism, do anti-money laundering human resources and improve the incentive constraints mechanism, strengthening the training of the four point of advice, in order to improve Y bank anti-money laundering work cooperation ability between internal departments, talent shortage, poor staff anti-money laundering consciousness does not reach the designated position, bank internal information sharing degree is not high.Finally, in terms of the anti-money laundering monitoring analysis of intelligent system, suggest introducing large data, artificial intelligence and machine learning advanced science and technology, and from the integration of the internal data, widen the channel of the data, making evaluation and improve the suspicious transactions monitoring index, strengthen the beforehand matter controls, strengthening monitoring system provided by the five dimensions of later construction scheme, construction can full three-dimensional analysis of the intelligent monitoring system. KEY WORDS: Commercial banks；Anti money laundering；Compliance management；Optimization plan 目 录 I 目 录 摘要 ............... I ABSTRACT .II 第一章 绪论 ............................. 1 1.1 研究背景 ........................... 1 1.2 研究目的与意义 ............... 2 1.2.1 研究目的 .................... 2 1.2.2 研究意义 .................... 2 1.3 国内外研究综述与述评 ... 2 1.3.1 国外研究综述 ............ 2 1.3.2 国内研究综述 ............ 3 1.3.3 国内外研究述评 ........ 5 1.4 研究方法与思路 ............... 6 1.4.1 研究方法 .................... 6 1.4.2 研究思路 .................... 6 1.5 论文框架 ........................... 7 1.6 创新点与不足 ................... 8 第二章 反洗钱相关概念的比较分析 .................... 9 2.1 洗钱、反洗钱、洗钱罪的含义 ...................... 9 2.1.1 洗钱的含义 ................ 9 2.1.2 反洗钱的含义 ............ 9 2.1.3 洗钱罪的含义 ............ 9 2.2 合规、合规风险、合规风险管理的含义 .... 10 2.3 风险管理理论 ................. 10 2.4 风险管理、合规管理与反洗钱的关系 ........ 10 2.4.1 风险管理与合规管理的关系 ................. 10 2.4.2 合规管理与反洗钱的关系 ..................... 11 2.5 反洗钱合规管理机制 ..... 11 2.6 本章小结 ......................... 11 西北农林科技大学硕士学位论文 II 第三章 Y商业银行反洗钱管理现状 .................. 12 3.1 Y商业银行概况 .............. 12 3.2 Y商业银行反洗钱管理现状分析 ................. 12 3.2.1 Y商业银行风险管理组织架构 .............. 12 3.2.2 Y商业银行反洗钱原则 .......................... 12 3.2.3 Y商业银行反洗钱组织架构 .................. 12 3.2.4 Y商业银行反洗钱制度建设 .................. 14 3.2.5 Y商业银行反洗钱现有内部控制措施 .. 14 3.3 Y商业银行现行措施管控效果 ..................... 17 3.3.1 客户身份识别及资料保存情况 ............. 17 3.3.2 风险等级划分情况 .. 19 3.3.3 大额可疑交易报告情况 ......................... 20 3.4 本章小结 ......................... 21 第四章 Y商业银行反洗钱管理问题及原因分析 ............................. 22 4.1 Y商业银行反洗钱管理案例分析 ................. 22 4.1.1 披着配资外衣的非法集资 ..................... 22 4.1.2 “批发生意”洗钱案 ... 22 4.1.3 冒名开户事件 .......... 23 4.1.4 私行客户中的诈骗犯 ............................. 23 4.2 Y商业银行反洗钱管理存在的问题总结及原因分析 ................ 24 4.2.1 缺乏内生动力，反洗钱措施执行“上热下冷” .................... 24 4.2.2 反洗钱机制待完善，未形成部门合力 . 25 4.2.3 信息共享机制缺失，反洗钱工作存在“壁垒” .................... 26 4.2.4 人力资源配置不足，反洗钱专业人才缺失 ........................ 27 4.2.5 反洗钱系统建设方面存在的问题 ......... 28 4.3