R村镇银行普惠金融业务发展战略研究 普惠金融是指以可负担的成本为有金融服务需求的社会各阶层和群体提供适当、 有效的金融服务。其发展背景是消除贫困、帮助受益群体提升造血功能，促进实现社 会公平，服务重点是小微企业、农民、城镇低收入人群等弱势群体。普惠金融不是面 向低收入人群的公益活动，不是慈善和救助，而是坚持商业可持续原则，坚持市场化 和政策扶持相结合，建立健全激励约束机制，确保发展可持续。自2015年以来，“普 惠金融”这一关键词连续三年出现在政府工作报告之中，2016年1月，国务院印发《推 进普惠金融发展规划(2016-2020年)》，拉开了普惠金融发展的序幕。随后，央行、银 监会、保监会也纷纷出台相应政策为落实普惠金融提供支持。随着银监会《大中型商 业银行设立普惠金融事业部实施方案》的落地，普惠金融建设路径越来越具体。R村镇 银行主要经营地区在江苏省内的县域地区，该行致力于服务SQ地区广袤土地上的“三 农”、小微企业和城市贫困群体。 本文首先阐述了普惠金融的研究背景和意义以及国内外研究情况，对普惠金融整 体情况有了较为清晰的认识。其次，从R村镇银行的发展状况、普惠金融发展状况等 方面剖析，并通过PEST、SWOT等分析方式对R村镇银行在普惠金融业务发展过程中的 竞争进行了分析。最后，结合R村镇银行在普惠金融发展过程中的实际情况，提炼总 结了R村镇银行普惠金融业务发展战略，为国内商业银行普惠金融业务发展战略研究 提供了参考性方案。 本文通过对R村镇银行普惠金融业务发展的战略研究，旨在为更多县地区村镇银 行普惠金融业务发展提供发展思路，从而改善广大县域地区“三农”、小微企业等低收 入群体 “融资成本高，融资困难，融资迟缓”等普惠金融重点问题。 关键词： R村镇银行，普惠金融，金融扶贫 III Abstract Research on the Development Strategy of Inclusive Financial Business of R Rural Bank Inclusive finance refers to provide appropriate and effective financial services for all social stage and groups in need of financial services on the basis of an affordable cost. The development background is to eliminate poverty, help the beneficiary group to improve hematopoietic function, and promote the realization of social equity. The service focuses on small and micro enterprises, farmers, low-income urban population and other vulnerable groups. Inclusive finance is not a public welfare activity aimed at low-income people, nor is it charity or aid. It adheres to the principle of business sustainability, insist the combination marketization with policy support, and establishes and improves incentive and restraint mechanisms to ensure the sustainable development. Since 2015, the key word "inclusive finance" has appeared for three consecutive years i. n the government work report. In January 2016, the State Council issued the "Development Plan for Promoting Inclusive Finance (2016-2020)", which open the beginning of the development of inclusive finance. Then, the Central bank, China Banking Regulatory Commission and China Insurance Regulatory Commission also issued corresponding policies to provide support for the implementation of inclusive finance. With the implementation of "Implementation Plan for Establishing Inclusive Finance Business Unit of Large and Medium-sized Commercial Banks" issued by CBRC, the construction path of inclusive finance is becoming more and more specific. R Village Bank mainly operates in the county area of Jiangsu Province, and the bank is committed to serving the "agriculture, rural areas and farmers", small and micro enterprises and poor groups of citizens in the SQ area. Firstly, this study introduced the research background and significance of inclusive finance as well as Chinese and foreign research situation, making us have a clear understanding of inclusive finance. Secondly, it analyzed the competitions during the inclusive finance development of R village rural bank from development status of R village rural bank and inclusive finance through PEST and SWOT analysis methods, etc. Finally, it summarized development strategies for inclusive finance business in R village rural bank based on actual situations, providing a reference plan for the research on the development strategy of inclusive finance business in China commercial banks. IV Through the strategic research on the development of inclusive finance business of R rural banks, this paper aims to provide development ideas for the development of inclusive finance business of rural banks in more counties, so as to improve the key issues of inclusive finance such as high financing costs, financing difficulties and slow financing for low-income groups such as "three rural areas" and small and micro enterprises in the majority of counties. Keywords: R village bank, Inclusive finance, Financial poverty alleviation V 目 录 第1章 绪论 ...................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景与研究意义 .............................................................................. 1 1.1.1 研究背景 ............................................................................................ 1 1.1.2 研究意义 ............................................................................................ 2 1.2 国内外研究综述 ...................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 国外研究综述 .................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 国内研究综述 .................................................................................... 3 1.3 研究方法与研究内容 .............................................................................. 4 1.3.1 研究方法 ............................................................................................ 4 1.3.2 研究内容 ............................................................................................ 4 第2章 基本概念及理论 .................................................................................. 6 2.1 基本概念 .................................................................................................. 6 2.1.1 普惠金融的概念 ................................................................................ 6 2.1.2 普惠金融的特征 ................................................................................ 6 2.1.3 普惠金融业务发展战略的概念........................................................ 6 2.2 相关理论 .................................................................................................. 7 2.2.1 战略管理理论 .................................................................................... 7 2.2.2 波特竞争理论 .................................................................................... 8 2.2.3 PEST分析理论 ................................................................................. 8 2.2.4 SWOT分析理论 ............................................................................... 9 第3章 R村镇银行普惠金融业务的发展概况 ............................................ 10 3.1 我国普惠金融业务的总体发展历程 ................................................... 10 3.2 R村镇银行普惠金融业务的发展现状 ................................................ 11 VI 3.2.1 R村镇银行发展战略情况 .............................................................. 11 3.2.2 R村镇银行组织架构情况 .............................................................. 11 3.2.3 R村镇银行业务经营情况 .............................................................. 12 3.2.4 R村镇银行战略执行情况 .............................................................. 13 3.3 R村镇银行普惠金融业务发展战略存在的主要问题 ........................ 14 3.3.1 总体战略方面 .................................................................................. 14 3.3.2 业务战略方面 .................................................................................. 15 3.3.3 职能战略方面 .................................................................................. 16 第4章 R村镇银行普惠金融业务的战略环境分析 .................................... 18 4.1 宏观环境PEST分析 ............................................................................ 18 4.1.1 政策环境分析 .......................................................................