小微企业概念于2008年被提出，至今已经十年。小微企业在此期间，小微 企业数量不断逐年递增，现在已是中国经济发展的主要推动力。目前，小微企业 的发展也步入了新的发展阶段。并且由于小微企业对我国经济发展中的举足轻重 的地位，其发展逐渐引起了国家的重视与支持。扶持小微企业发展的金融财税政 策不断出台。小微企业信贷融资的问题得到明显缓解。银行金融机构的竞争逐渐 趋于激烈，为在竞争中不断发展，经营战略与差异化业务流程已经成为金融银行 注重的关键点。差异化流程旨在高效。小资企业融资业务的巨大前景吸引了国内 商业银行的关注。纷纷将小微企业融资视为战略重点，力求不断优化和改进业务 运营模式以及运作流程，将市场竞争力的提升作为改良目标。 2006年9月，九江银行与国家开发银行以及德国IPC公司成功合作，正式成 立了微小企业贷款中心。一直将小微企业贷款业务流程优化作为工作要点，试图 通过提高小微企业信贷业务占比实现九江银行的转型以及综合竞争力。九江银行 小微信贷业务开展12年间，取得了不错的成绩，但是业务流程还是暴露出了一 些问题，如：提交贷款申请的渠道比较单一、提交申请时，要求提交材料过多、 授信调查阶段周期长、初审与复审两次资格审查冗赘、贷款支用阶段周期长、贷 款流程缺乏灵活等。在日益激烈的市场竞争中,早年的业务流程已经无法适应客 户需求，业务优化是九江银行为巩固客户、增强市场核心竞争力的必然选择。 本文采用问卷调查与文献归纳相结合的研究方法，通过对九江银行小微企业 贷款业务流程的进行问卷调查分析，归纳总结出九江银行现有业务流程存在的主 要问题，然后从九江银行小微企业贷款业务流程存在的问题出发，结合九江银行 小微企业贷款业务实际情况，提出业务流程优化的建设性建议。本研究主要将小 微企业贷款流程划分为申请受理、授信调查、审查审批、合同签署、贷款支用、 贷后管理六个阶段。为了实现流程优化，我们一一针对六个阶段的存在主要问题 的11个环节提出建议，实现优化目标、提高流程效率。如，合理划分、利用客 户信用等级，建立客户电子档案、增强运作流程灵活性、针对性审核，加快银行 拨款速度等建议。为九江银行小微企业贷款业务流程优化提供参考。 关键词：九江银行；小微企业贷款 ；业务流程优化 II Abstract The concept of small and micro enterprise was proposed in 2008, and it has been ten years. During this period, the number of small and micro businesses has been increasing year by year and is now the main driving force of China's economic development. At present, the development of small and micro enterprises is not as good as the new development stage. In addition, the development of small and micro businesses has gradually attracted the attention and support of the state due to their important position in China's economic development. We introduced financial and tax policies to support the development of small and micro businesses. The problem of credit financing for small and micro businesses has been significantly alleviated. The competition of banking and financial institutions is becoming increasingly fierce. In order to constantly develop in the competition, business strategy and differentiated business process have become the key points that financial Banks pay attention to. Differentiation processes are designed to be efficient. The great prospect of financing business of small capital enterprises has attracted the attention of domestic commercial Banks. All of them regard financing of small and micro businesses as a strategic priority, strive to constantly optimize and improve business operation mode and operation process, and take the improvement of market competitiveness as the improvement goal. In September 2006, jiujiang bank established a small business lending center in cooperation with China development bank and Germany IPC. The process optimization of small and micro-sized enterprises' loan business has always been taken as the key point, trying to achieve the transformation and comprehensive competitiveness of jiujiang bank by improving the proportion of small and micro-sized enterprises' credit business. Jiujiang small bank credit business for 12 years, has obtained the good result, but the business process is exposed some problems, such as: submit loan application channel is unitary, submit an application, the request submitted material too much, credit investigation stage cycle is long, preliminary examination and review two credentials as lazy, loan by loan process stage cycle is long, and lack of flexibility, etc. In the increasingly fierce market III competition, the business process in the early years has been unable to adapt to customer demand, business optimization is the inevitable choice for jiujiang bank to consolidate customers and enhance the core competitiveness of the market. In this paper, by adopting the combination of questionnaire and literature analysis research methods, through the bank of jiujiang small micro enterprise loan business process analysis, the questionnaire survey to sum up the bank of jiujiang the existing main problems of business process, and then from the bank of jiujiang problems existing in the small micro enterprise loan business process, in combination with the practical situation of jiujiang bank small micro enterprise loan business, business process optimization is put forward the constructive Suggestions. This study mainly divided the loan process of small and micro-sized enterprises into six stages: application acceptance, credit granting investigation, examination and approval, contract signing, loan expenditure and post-loan management. In order to realize process optimization, we propose Suggestions one by one for the 11 stages with major problems in the six stages, realize the optimization goal and improve process efficiency. For example, reasonable division, the use of customer credit rating, the establishment of customer electronic archives, enhance operational flexibility, targeted audit, and speed up the bank funding recommendations. For jiujiang bank small and micro business loan process to provide reference. Key words:jiujiang bank; small and micro business loan; process flow optimization IV 目 录 摘要 ............................................................ I Astract .......................................................... II 第1章 绪论 ....................................................... 1 1.1研究背景和研究意义 ............................................ 1 1.1.1研究背景 .................................................. 1 1.1.2 研究意义 .................................................. 2 1.2研究方法、研究内容及思路 ...................................... 2 1.2.1 研究方法 .................................................. 2 1.2.2 研究内容及思路 ............................................ 3 第2章 相关理论及概念界定 ......................................... 5 2.1相关文献 ...................................................... 5 2.1.1小微企业信贷融资的研究 .................................... 5 2.1.2流程优化的研究 ............................................ 9 2.2小微企业相关信贷理论 ......................................... 12 2.2.1信息不对称理论 ........................................... 12 2.2.2信贷配给理论 ............................................. 12 2.2.3关系型借贷理论 ........................................... 13 2.2.4交易成本理论 ............................................. 13 2.2.5风险管理理论 ............................................. 14 2.3小微企业概念与特征 ........................................... 14 2.3.1小微企业的概念 ........................................... 14 2.3.2 小微企业的特征 ........................................... 16 第3章 九江银行小微企业贷款业务简介 .............................. 17 3.1小微企业贷款业务流程和流程优化的内涵 ......................... 17 3.2 九江银行小微企业贷款业务简介 ................................. 17 3.2.1九江银行整体情况 ......................................... 17 V 3.2.2九江银行小微企业贷款业务简介 ............................. 19 第4章 九江银行小微企业贷款业务流程现状及存在问题 ................. 21 4.1九江银行小微企业贷款业务流程现状 ............................. 21 4.2九江银行小微企业贷款业务流程存在问题 ......................... 24 第5章 九江银行小微企业贷款业务流程优化建议 ...................... 31 5.1 申请受理阶段优化建议 .........................................