II
3.2.4 风险评价体系不完善 ·· 18
3.2.5 信贷人员素质有待提高 ·· 19
3.3 江州农商银行小微信贷风险管理问题的原因19
3.3.1 小微信贷的信用评价体系和标准缺乏科学性 · 19
3.3.2 业务创新面临的合规及道德风险 · 20
3.3.3 银行内部控制不健全 ·· 21
3.3.4 小微信贷业务快速发展的负面效应 · 21
4. 国内银行小微信贷风险管理经验借鉴 · 23
4.1 台州银行23
4.1.1 健全的内部组织结构 ·· 23
4.1.2 完善的激励约束机制 ·· 24
4.1.3 市场化利率设定机制 ·· 24
4.2 德州银行25
4.2.1 精细化信贷管理 ·· 25
4.2.2 规范的贷款业务操作流程·· 25
4.2.3 授信客户准入退出机制 ·· 25
4.2.4 有效的内控管理体系 ·· 26
5. 江州农商银行小微信贷风险管理优化的相关建议 · 27
5.1 建立科学信贷风险管理理念27
5.2 完善信贷风险管理制度27
5.2.1 加强风险管理组织机构建设 · 27
5.2.2 强化信贷风险评价机制 ·· 28
5.2.3 健全风险预警机制 ·· 28
5.2.4 完善内部控制 ·· 29
5.3 改善小微信贷对象的信用评级体系29
5.4 加强信贷产品与服务的创新31
5.5 强化银行小微信贷业务部门人员的培训与激励32
5.6 制定完善的保全体系32
6. 总结与展望 · 34
6.1 基本结论34
6.2 研究不足34
6.3 后续展望35
参考文献 ·· 36
致谢 ·· 41
III
Contents
1. Introduction . 1
1.1 Research Background and Significance ........... 1
1.1.1 Research Background ..... 1
1.1.2 Research Significance .... 2
1.2 Review and Evaluation of Research at Home and Abroad ....... 2
1.2.1 Foreign Research Overview ....... 2
1.2.2 Domestic Research Summary ..... 4
1.2.3 Domestic and Foreign Research Review5
1.3 Research Content and Methods5
1.3.1 Research Content5
1.3.2 Research Ideas .... 6
1.3.3 Research Method6
1.4 Innovation and Insufficiency .... 7
2. Theoretical Basis ...... 8
2.1 Related Concepts of Micro-credit......... 8
2.1.1 The Concept of Micro-credit ...... 8
2.1.2 Features of Small and Micro Credit Services ..... 8
2.1.2 Definition of Small and Micro Credit Risks ....... 9
2.1.3 Analysis of the Causes of Small and Micro Credit Risks ........... 9
2.1.4 Small and Medium Credit Risk Classification . 10
2.2 The Theoretical Basis of Small And Micro Credit Risk Management ........... 11
2.2.1 Information Asymmetry Theory ........... 11
2.2.2 Credit Allocation Theory .......... 12
2.2.3 Risk Management Theory ........ 12
3. Analysis of The Current Status of Risk Management .... 14
3.1 Development Status of Small and Micro Credit Business ..... 14
3.1.1 Overview of Jiangzhou Rural Commercial Bank ......... 14
3.1.2 Current Status of Small And Micro Credit Business .... 14
3.2 Existing Problems in Minor Micro Credit Risk Management16
3.2.1 Adeviation Between The Credit and The Small And Micro Credits .... 16
3.2.2 Inaccurate Market Positioning and Insufficient Product Development
Innovation ...... 17
IV
3.2.3 Unreasonable Credit Decisions18
3.2.4 The Imperfect Risk Assessment System ........... 18
3.2.5 The Quality of Credit Officers Needs to Be Improved . 19
3.3 The Reasons for Small and Micro Credit Risk Management . 19
3.3.1 Small and Micro Credit Risk Management ...... 19
3.3.2 Compliance and Ethical Risks to Business Innovation20
3.3.3 Insufficient Internal Bank Control ........ 21
3.3.4 The Negative Effect of the Rapid Development of Small and Micro
Credit Business .......... 21
4. Lessons Learned from Domestic Bank's Micro Credit Risk Management ...... 23
4.1 Taizhou Bank .. 23
4.1.1 Sound Internal Organizational Structure .......... 23
4.1.2 Perfect Incentive and Restraint Mechanism ..... 24
4.1.3 Market-based Interest Rate Setting Mechanism ........... 24
4.2 Texas Bank...... 25
4.2.1 Fine Credit Management .......... 25
4.2.2 Standardized loan service operation process .... 25
4.2.3 Credit Client Access Exit Mechanism .. 25
4.2.4 Effective Internal Control Management System .......... 26
5. Suggestions on the Optimization of Small and Micro Credit Risk Management27
5.1 Establishing a Scientific Credit Risk Management Concept .. 27
5.2 Improve Credit Risk Management System ..... 27
5.2.1 Strengthening Risk Management Organization Construction .. 27
5.2.2 Strengthen Credit Risk Assessment Mechanism .......... 28
5.2.3 Sound Risk Early Warning Mechanism28
5.2.4 Improve Internal Control .......... 29
5.3 Improve Credit Rating System for Small and Micro Creditors .......... 29
5.4 Enhancing Innovation in Credit Products and Services ......... 31
5.5 Enhancing Training and Incentives for Bank Minor Credit Business Unit
Staffing ..... 32
5.6 Formulate a Sound Security System ... 32
6. Conclusions and Outlook .. 34
6.1 Basic Conclusions ...... 34
6.2 Research Deficiency ... 34
V
6.3 Follow-up Outlook ..... 35
References ....... 36
Acknowledgements .... 41。