摘要
I
摘要
小微企业的发展为国内经济及就业提供了强大的动力，是助推中国经济腾飞的重
要力量，小微企业的健康稳定发展对于经济增长活力、产业加速转型以及保持社会和
谐稳定都有着重要作用。当前，小微企业已成为河南省实体经济的重要组成部分，但
与之配套的金融服务与金融产品缺失却是成为制约小微企业发展的瓶颈。各金融机构
已将拓展小微企业市场作为新的利润增长点，民生银行作为业内“小微企业银行”龙头
自当是有其核心竞争力。本文通过理论分析与实证分析相结合研究方式，通过阐述河
南省小微企业发展现状、融资方式以及分析宏观形势对小微企业的影响，引用了民生
银行 ZZ 分行自开业以来较为成功的服务小微企业案例——郑州市水产大世界，并适
时总结了成功的要素，值得借鉴，随后引出本研究的核心内容，即当前小微金融发展
所面临的五方面的问题：第一，复杂多变的经济形势和市场环境。伴随着整体态势的
下滑，小微企业加剧了其新陈代谢，如何筛选出优质企业、并在利率市场化的背景下，
授信小微企业主。第二，贷款产品和当前政策的相对单一性。如何优于同业政策，保
持绝对优势，保证银行创利收入，值得我们探讨。第三，互联网金融时代推陈出新带
来冲击。网络金融的发展速度远远大于我们的设想，人工智能强势入侵，唯有积极迎
战，才能站稳脚跟。第四，资产质量形势严峻有待深度探讨。不可避免确又不得不提，
不良贷款率的不断提高让银行人愈加惶恐，试图从授信流程的各个阶段抓起，最大程
度的弱化风险。第五，小微企业自身转型的必要性。老化的人力、停滞的技术和凌乱
的财务无一不在威胁着小微企业的进步和发展。基于以上的问题，笔者大致总结出五
条对策，包括：第一、优化存款结构、保证人均创利。扎实核心存款、有效提升结算，
大力发展渠道管理，从厅堂抓起；把握民生银行 ZZ 分行的特色产品，着重推广平台
类业务。第二、调整贷款比例、迎战同业竞争。扩大抵押新增业务的来源，动态调整
授信政策，迎合市场需求；优化业务流程、保证营销渠道的多元化。第三、做大财富
规模、提升客户体验。抢滩私银客户市场，提供优质服务，用心留住客户；对重点创
利产品进行有力营销，加大营销力度。明星产品争做常青树。第四、死守资产质量、
加大风险管理。加强贷款政策的基础管理工作，建立健全风险评级制度；培育信贷条
线的风险底线，熟知可做、不可做；内控制度争取无漏洞、重视贷后管理，及时化解
信贷风险；第五、蜕变不容忽视、增强融资能力。小微企业发展的内、外部环境日渐
严峻，唯有改善内部经营管理、招商引资、提高企业的核心竞争力，保证自身持久生
存。期望能对小微金融的发展问题做出有效的探讨，对同业有一定的借鉴意义。西安电子科技大学硕士学位论文
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关键词：小微金融，发展现状，策略研究Abstract
III
Abstract
The development of small micro-enterprises for the domestic economy and employment
provides a powerful driving force is to boost China&39;s economic take-off an important force,
small and micro enterprises healthy and stable development for economic growth, industry
to accelerate the transformation and maintain social harmony and stability have an
important role The At present, small micro-enterprises have become an important part of
the real economy in Henan Province, but with the supporting financial services and
financial products is a constraint to become a bottleneck restricting the development of
small and micro enterprises. The financial institutions have to expand the small
micro-enterprise market as a new profit growth point, Minsheng Bank as the industry,
small micro-enterprise banking leader since it is its core competitiveness.
In this paper, through the combination of theoretical analysis and empirical analysis of
research methods, through the elaboration of small and medium enterprises in Henan
Province, the status quo, financing methods and analysis of macroeconomic situation on
the impact of small and micro enterprises, cited Minsheng Bank ZZ branch since the
opening of the more successful service micro Business case - Zhengzhou City Aquatic
World, and timely summary of the elements of success, it is worth learning, and then lead
to the core content of this study, that is, the development of small micro-financial facing
five aspects: first, complex and changeable Economic situation and market environment.
With the overall trend of decline, small micro-enterprises exacerbated its metabolism, how
to screen out high-quality enterprises, and in the context of interest rate market, the small
business owners, second, loan products and the relative simplicity of the current policy.
How to better than the same industry policy, to maintain absolute advantage, to ensure that
the bank profitability, worthy of our discussion. Third, the Internet financial era to bring
new shocks. The development of online finance is far greater than our vision, artificial
intelligence strong invasion, only positive against, in order to gain a firm foothold. Fourth,
the quality of assets to be serious situation to be discussed in depth. It is inevitable to have
to mention, the continuous improvement of non-performing loan rate so that bankers
increasingly fear, trying to start from all stages of the credit process, the greatest degree of
weakening risk. Fifth, the need for small and medium enterprises to transform their own.西安电子科技大学硕士学位论文
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Aging manpower, stagnant technology and messy finance are all threatening the progress
and development of small micro-enterprises.
Based on the above problems, the author summed up the five countermeasures, including:
first, optimize the deposit structure, to ensure that profitability per capita. Solid core
deposits, effectively improve the settlement, vigorously develop the channel management,
grabbed from the hall; grasp the Minsheng Bank ZZ branch of the characteristics of
products, focusing on the promotion of platform business. Second, adjust the proportion of
loans, competition with the industry. Expand the mortgage new business sources,
dynamically adjust the credit policy to meet market demand; optimize business processes
to ensure the diversification of marketing channels. Third, bigger wealth scale, enhance
customer experience. Beachhead private banking market, providing quality services,
intentions to retain customers; focus on profit products for a strong marketing, increase
marketing efforts. Star products to fight evergreen tree. Fourth, stick to the quality of assets,
increase risk management. Strengthen the basic management of the loan policy, establish
and improve the risk rating system; cultivate the bottom line of the risk of credit lines,
familiar with, do not do; internal control system for no loopholes, pay attention to
post-loan management, timely resolution of credit risk; Ignore and enhance financing
capacity. Small and micro enterprise development, the external environment is becoming
increasingly serious, only to improve the internal management, investment, improve the
core competitiveness of enterprises to ensure their own lasting survival. Expect to be able
to make an effective discussion on the development of small and microfinance, and have
some reference significance for the industry.
Keywords: small microfinance, development status, strategy research插图索引
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插图索引
图 1.1 本文的研究思路........2
图 5.1 各类占比明细..........41表格索引
VII
表格索引
表 3.1 金融支持小微企业的政策一览表..12
表 3.2 河南省金融支持小微企业政策中的主要措施......13
表 3.3 ZZ 市金融支持小微企业政策中的主要措施及成效.........15
表 3.4 河南省银行业小微企业贷款占全省贷款总额比例（单位：亿元）......16
表 3.5 河南省新三板挂牌公司行业分类表(截至 2015 年 4 月 30 日） 17
表 3.6 省内部分银行针对小微企业推出的主要金融产品及服务一览表..........18
表 3.7 郑州水产大世界近 3 年交易额..
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