I
摘 要
A 汽车公司产品功能失效问题的研发对策研究
在中国经济建设快速发展的今天,我国民众的生活水平也有了长足的进步,
汽车作为一个大众消费品也飞速的走进了普通民众的生活。尤其是在中国加入
世贸组织之后,汽车市场异常活跃,价格也逐渐走低,这更加刺激了普通民众
对汽车的渴求,销量逐年递增。在汽车用户激增的同时,大量汽车使用过程中
的功能失效问题也随之出现,成为消费者汽车使用中的抱怨。通过 JD Power 的
调查来看,目前由于汽车功能失效引起的抱怨越来越多,已经是一个汽车厂商
不可小视的问题。如不能有效解决汽车产品使用过程中功能失效的问题,将使
人们随汽车的使用失去信心,严重影响汽车行业未来的发展
本文从物品功能失效的定义、分类以及特点讲起,延伸讲述到目前汽车产
品中功能失效的定义、分类及表现形式,并具体到 A 汽车公司汽车产品在功能
失效问题上的现状。为找到解决汽车功能失效的产生原因,并有针对性的加以
解决,通过对 A 汽车公司目前的车型开发技术水平和在产品功能失效控制领域
内的现实水平和体系能力进行剖析,找到 A 汽车公司目前在开发过程存在的主
要问题:开发目标的短视与研发流程的不完善、内部技术水平欠缺和外部环境
的技术封锁、历史数据积累的不足和不系统化、相关监管机构的不到位; 在对
每个问题的产生原因的详细分析后,有针对性的给出了作者的建议,针对每项
问题提出了的具体解决措施以及实施方案,其主要核心内容就是在汽车产品的
研发过程中加入产品功能失效模式与影响分析的控制理念,通过项目管理的手
段加以落实,从而尽可能的预防 A 汽车公司产品出现功能失效的几率。通过在
研发设计过程中引入产品功能失效模式与影响分析的开发理念,将其落实在汽
车产品的研发过程中,并通过建全组织机构加以引导和监管,并建立相应的数
据库和数据系统进行保障,同时在技术验证能力上入手,通过对人力、设备、
II
体系等方面的优化提高 A 汽车公司现有的失效模式验证手段,将汽车产品的功
能失效问题在 A 汽车公司的研发过程中就加以预防和消除,以提高其产品的品
质
将预防功能失效的分析研究作为汽车项目研发质量控制的手段落实在产品
的开发过程中,对消费者来讲,将会从根本上解决其抱怨;对生产厂家来说,
开发过程中及时发现功能失效可能出现的原因并加以避免,开发出的低抱怨率
汽车产品也将能更加适合市场的需求,提升企业品牌知名度;对整个社会来说,
高质量的汽车产品将降低事故发生概率,更加有效的服务社会
关键词:
产品功能,失效模式与影响分析,研发质量
III
Abstract
Research on the Development Strategy of an A Automobile Company
to Failure Problem of the Product Function
With the rapid development of economic construction in China today, the
standard of living of our people have made great progress; cars as a mass consumer
goods also rapidly into the lives of ordinary people. Especially in China's accession to
WTO, the automotive market very active, prices gradually lower, which further
stimulated the desire of ordinary people on the car, the sales volume increased year
by year. Surge in car users at the same time, while a large number of cars used in the
process of functional failure problems have also appeared, as consumers complain
about cars in use. By JD Power survey, the current function failure caused the car
complaining more and more car manufacturers are already a not inconsiderable
problem. If you can not effectively solve the automotive products during use function
fail issue, along with the use of cars will make people lose confidence, seriously
affecting the automotive industry's future development.
This article from the product function failure definition、classification and
features of talk , talk to the current automotive products extend the functional failure
definitions, classifications and forms , and specifically to A car company automotive
products the status quo in the functional failure . To find out the causes of failure of
vehicle functions , and targeted to be addressed by the A car company's current level
of technology and vehicle development capabilities in product failure within the
control field level realities and systems capabilities to analyze and find A car
company currently in the development process of the main problems : the
development of goals and short-sighted development process is imperfect, the lack of
internal technical level and the external environment technology blockade , the lack
of historical data accumulation and not systematic, relevant regulatory bodies are not
in place . On causes of each problem a detailed analysis, the author gives a targeted
IV
proposals put forward for each of the issues and the implementation of concrete
measures to solve the program , its main core content in automotive product
development process by adding products failure mode and effects analysis, through
project management tools to be implemented , so as to prevent a car company
products appear functional failure probability . By the introduction the philosophy of
development to functional failure mode and effects analysis in product development
and design process, its implementation in the automotive product development
process, and whole building to guide through the organization and supervision, and
establish appropriate databases and data protection systems , while in the technical
validation capabilities on the start, through the manpower, equipment , system
optimization to improve other aspects of the company's existing car a failure mode
authentication means, the problem of functional failure of automotive products in the
A- car company R & D process to be prevented and elimination in order to improve
the quality of their products .
Functional failure analysis of prevention research implemented in the product
development process as a vehicle for quality control measures, the consumer is
concerned , it will fundamentally solve their complaint ; to manufacturers , the timely
discovery of the development process failure causes and possible be avoided , the
automotive products development of a low rate of complain will also to be more
suitable for the market needs, and enhance brand awareness ; society as a whole ,
high-quality automotive products will reduce the probability of the accident , more
effective service to the community .
Keywords:
Product Function ,Failure Mode and Effect Analysis,Quality of Development.
第 1 章 绪论现问题的可能性,同时也是从根本上解决消费者抱怨的方法之一;对生产厂家
来说,开发过程中及时发现功能失效可能出现的原因并加以避免,比在产品定
型验证阶段后及生产阶段发现问题将节省更多的开发和模具更改等投资,开发
出的低抱怨率汽车产品也将能更加适合市场的需求,提高用户的满意度,提升
企业品牌知名度;对整个社会来说,高质量的汽车产品将更加有效的服务社会,
降低事故发生概率,营造出更加和谐、安宁的和社会氛围
1.2 汽车功能失效研究方法及结构
本文针对汽车产品功能失效产生的特点,提出了在汽车产品研发过程中引
入产品潜在失效模式和影响分析的设计方法,运用项目管理的手段落实在汽车
产品的研发过程,保证汽车产品在设计前期能有效的避免产品功能失效的可能
性,给用户带来一款安全可靠、经济实惠的高品质汽车产品;而尽可能早的发
现并纠正设计中的问题在开发后期乃至上市后发现问题节省更多的人力、物力
和时间资源
采用的理论和方法包括:
(1)规范分析和实证分析方法
(2)项目管理方法
(3)管理信息系统和方法
(4)市场调研理论
(5)采用人机工程学对人、机器、环境的相互作用及其结合的合理性进行
分析研究
本论文按照采用提出问题、分析问题、研究优化改进的模式、提出实施对
策的递进逻辑对所提出的汽车功能失效问题进行研究。文中以管理学、项目管
理和市场营销理论理论为基础,结合目前汽车开发工作中的具体情况,将理论
与实践相结合,将研究工作与具体的项目推进工作相结合的方式,进行实证研
究,在实践中丰富和完善,研究出具有科学性和实用性的成果。第 1 章 绪论
1.1 汽车功能失效研究背景与意义
在中国经济建设快速发展的今天,我国民众的生活水平也有了长足的进步;
汽车作为一个大众消费品也飞速的走进了普通民众的生活。尤其是在中国加入
世贸组织之后,汽车市场异常活跃,价格也逐渐走低,这更加刺激了普通民众
对汽车的渴求,销量逐年递增
根据中国汽车工业协会信息发布会 2013 年初发布的数据显示,2012 年全国
汽车销量为 1,930.64 万辆,同比增长 4.33%.,居世界首位,乘用车产销量也首
次超过 1500 万辆大关,再创历史新高。20