经济管理学院
应用经济学
薛瑞锐
俞会新
二〇二三五
编号：202021701002
河北工业大学硕士学位论文
互联网使用对老年人就业的影响研究
论文作者：薛瑞锐学生类别：全日制
学科门类：经济学学科专业：应用经济学
指导教师：俞会新职称：教授
2023年5月
资助项目：河北省教育厅人文社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目（ZD20202）
Thesis Submitted to
Hebei University of Technology
for
The Master Degree in
Applied Economics
RESEARCH ON THE IMPACT OF INTERNET USE
ON THE ELDERLY EMPLOYMENT
By
Xue Ruirui
Supervisor:Prof.Yu Huixin
May,2023
This work was supported by The Major research project of humanities and social sciences of Hebie provincial Education
Department.No.ZD20202
摘要
随着科技进步和经济发展，人口寿命越来越长，人口老龄化风险也逐渐显现。
在劳动力市场方面，老龄化导致适龄劳动力占比减少，劳动参与率降低。而相当数
量的老年人仍有能力参与劳动，实现就业，是潜在的生产性人口，能够化解潜在的
社会经济问题。结合我国信息技术飞速发展的社会背景，各类资源以数字化形式渗
透在网络中，越来越多的老年群体正在融入数字社会，互联网或许能为老年人就业
提供空前的契机和资源。因此，有必要分析互联网使用对老年人就业的影响及影响
机制。
基于生产性老龄化和工作搜寻等理论，本文认为互联网使用会对老年人就业产
生积极影响，并使用2020年中国家庭追踪调查数据进行实证分析，采用个案访谈的
方式针对链式中介作用的研究假设进行补充分析。研究结果发现：（1）互联网使用
能够显著促进老年人就业，在进行稳健性检验和内生性检验后，实证结果依然显著。
（2）异质性分析表明，既会使用电脑又会使用移动端上网对就业的促进效果更强、
用网总时长超过4.9小时会削弱互联网使用对就业的促进效果、有效使用互联网学习
的促进效果更强、互联网使用对正规就业和自雇创业的促进效果更强、互联网使用
对中等技能水平老年人就业的促进效果更强、互联网使用对城镇老年人就业的促进
效果更强。（3）影响机制分析表明，互联网使用对老年人就业的促进作用可以通过
促使老年人获取网络信息、提升老年人的社会资本、促使老年人参与健身活动进而
提升自身健康状况的三条中介路径实现。（4）个案访谈分析表明，老年人会通过观
看网络健身视频的方式参与健身活动，也会被散布于网络中的健身理念所触动，主
动开展健身活动，经常参与健身活动的老年人感到健康程度有所提升，而越健康的
老年人越会选择就业并实现就业。
基于研究结论，从搭建老年友好环境、用好互联网大范围传播信息优势、发挥
互联网虚拟社交功能和利用互联网提升自身健康程度方面，提出促进老年人就业的
建议，以期为积极应对人口老龄化相关政策的出台提供支撑。同时，引发社会对老
年群体享受数字红利的重视，使更多老年人能够享受网络红利并且能够老有所为。
关键词：互联网使用；老年人就业；网络信息；社会资本；健康
I
ABSTRACT
Along with the progress of science and technology and economic development,life
expectancy gets longer and longer and aging population risk also gradually revealed.In the
aspect of the labor market,aging lead to reduce of working-age population accounted and
labor participation rate gets lower.However,a number of old people still has the ability to
participate in labor and get a job.They are the potential productive population who can able
to defuse potential social and economic problemsbining the social background that
information technology is rapidly developing in China,all kinds of resources in the form of
digital infiltrate in the network and a growing number of old people is into the digital society.
Internet may provide unprecedented opportunities and resources for the elderly employment.
As a result,it is necessary to analyze the impact of Internet use on the elderly employment
and influence mechanism.
Based on the productive aging theory and job search theory and so on,this paper
believes that internet use can affect the elderly employment positively.Therefore,this paper
use the data of CFPS in 2020to make an empirical test.Meanwhile,this paper uses the case
interview method for further analysis on chain intermediary role.The results are as follows:
(1)Internet use can significantly improve the elderly employment,even in the case of
robustness test and endogenous test;(2)Heterogeneity analysis showed that both can use the
computer and can use the mobile terminal to access to the internet has a stronger
improvement effect.Using internet more than 4.9hours will weaken the effect of promotion
on elderly employment.Using internet to learn effectively has a stronger improvement effect
on elderly employment.Internet use has a stronger improvement effect on the formal
employment and the self-employed business.Internet use has a stronger improvement effect
on employment for the elderly who has intermediate skill level.Internet use has a stronger
improvement effect on employment for the elderly in cities and towns.(3)The mechanism
analysis shows that access to the network information and social capital paly an intermediary
role in the Internet use and the elderly employment.Exercise and health paly a chain
intermediary role in the Internet use and the elderly employment.(4)The case interview
analysis shows that the elderly will participate in exercise through watching internet exercise
video.They also carry out exercise when they were touched by exercise philosophy spread
in the internet.Those often participate in exercise will feel healthier and the elderly more
III