分类号：学校代码：10139
U D C：学号：20210207075
Research on the Influence of Internet Use on Labor
Participation in decision-making for the Elderly
中文摘要
随着我国经济持续发展和社会进步，人口老龄化问题日益突出，积极老龄化已上
升为国家战略高度，开发和利用老年人力资源，推动人口红利向人才红利转变，是积
极应对人口老龄化的题中之义。老年人口的增加导致劳动年龄人口比例下降，直接影
响了劳动力市场的供给结构，从而削弱了我国经济发展潜力和竞争力。积极老龄化强
调老年群体在经济、社会、文化等各个方面的积极参与和贡献，充分发挥老年人的潜
力和优势，通过开发老年人的劳动力和智力资源，可以进一步充分释放人才红利，为
经济社会发展补充活力。互联网作为一种重要的信息传播和交流平台，为老年人获取
信息、学习知识、开展社交、参与劳动等提供了新途径。因而深入探讨互联网使用对
老年人劳动参与决策的影响，有助于在数字社会更好地挖掘老年劳动力资源潜力，加
快实现积极老龄化，促进经济社会的可持续发展。
本文基于劳动-闲暇理论、技术-经济范式理论和工作搜寻理论，利用中国综合社
会调查（CGSS）2013、2015、2017、2018和2021年数据，采用Probit 回归等计量分
析方法，实证分析了互联网使用对老年人劳动参与决策的影响。研究表明：（1）互联
网使用降低了老年人的农业劳动参与率，但是提升了老年人的非农劳动参与率；（2）
互联网使用通过直接减少就业搜寻成本和机会成本、间接增加社会资本促进了老年人
参与非农劳动；（3）互联网使用对城镇和高学历水平老年人劳动参与率的促进作用更
强；（4）进一步研究发现，互联网使用不仅提高了老年人的非农劳动参与率，还提高
了非农劳动收入，降低了非农劳动时间。
基于研究结论，进一步提出了促进老年人劳动参与的政策建议：（1）加大农村地
区互联网基础设施投入，推动老年人向非农领域转移；（2）加强老年人数字技能培训，
减少老年人再就业成本；（3）建立差异化就业政策框架，满足不同老年群体再就业需
求；（4）提供持续的再就业支持，切实提升老年人的再就业质量。
关键词：互联网使用；老年人；劳动参与；人口老龄化
ABSTRACT
With the continuous development of China's economy and social progress,
the issue of population aging is becoming increasingly prominent.Active aging
has become a national strategic height.Developing and utilizing elderly human
resources,promoting the transformation of population dividend into talent
dividend,is the essence of actively responding to population aging.The
increase in the elderly population has led to a decrease in the proportion of
working age population,directly affecting the supply structure of the labor
market,thereby weakening the potential and competitiveness of China's
economic development.Active aging emphasizes the active participation and
contribution of the elderly population in various aspects such as economy,
society,and culture,fully tapping into the potential and advantages of the
elderly.By developing the labor and intellectual resources of the elderly,it can
further fully unleash the talent dividend and supplement vitality for economic
and social development.As an important platform for information
dissemination and exchange,the Internet provides new ways for the elderly to
obtain information,learn knowledge,socialize and participate in labor.
Therefore,in-depth discussion on the impact of Internet use on the elderly's
labor participation in decision-making will help better tap the potential of
elderly labor resources in the digital society,accelerate the realization of active
aging,and promote the sustainable development of economic society.
Based on the labor-leisure theory,tech-economic paradigm theory and job
search theory,this paper empirically analyzes the impact of Internet use on the
elderly's labor participation in decision-making by using the data of China
Comprehensive Social Survey (CGSS)in 2013,2015,2017,2018and 2021,
using probit regression and other econometric analysis methods.The research
shows that:(1)Internet use reduces the participation rate of the elderly in
agricultural labor,but increases the participation rate of the elderly in non-
agricultural labor;(2)The use of the Internet promotes the participation of the
elderly in non-agricultural labor by directly reducing employment search costs
and opportunity costs and indirectly increasing social capital;(3)Internet use
has a stronger role in promoting the labor participation rate of urban and highly
educated elderly people;(4)Further research found that Internet use not only
increased the participation rate of the elderly in non-agricultural labor,but also
increased the income of non-agricultural labor and reduced the non-agricultural
labor time.
Based on the research conclusions,further policy recommendations are
proposed to promote the labor participation of the elderly:(1)Increase
investment in Internet infrastructure in rural areas,and promote the transfer of
the elderly to non-agricultural areas;(2)Strengthen digital skills training for
the elderly and reduce their reemployment costs;(3)Establish a differentiated
employment policy framework to meet the reemployment needs of different
elderly groups;(4)Provide continuous re-employment support to effectively
improve the re-employment quality of the elderly.
Key Words:Internet usage;Elderly people;Labor participation;Population
aging