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学位论文原创性声明
本人所提交的学位论文《我国基础设施 REITs的风险分析及防控—以华夏中国交建
高速 REITs为例》,是在导师的指导下,独立进行研究工作所取得的原创性成果。除文
中已经注明引用的内容外,本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究
成果。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体,均已在文中标明。
本声明的法律后果由本人承担。
论文作者(签名):
2022年9月7日
指导教师确认(签名):
2022年9月7日
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论文作者(签名):
指导教师(签名):
2022年9月7日
2022年9月7日
摘要
全球 37个国家和地区不动产投资信托基金(以下简称“ REITs”)的投资范围
由商业地产扩展到交通、能源、市政、仓储物流、大数据中心等。近几年,国家
颁布了一系列相关政策法规,以促进基础设施 REITs的发展和市场建设。2020年
4月 30日,国家发改委、证监会联合下发了《关于推进基础设施领域不动产投资信托
基金(REITs)试点相关工作的通知》和《公开募集基础设施证券投资基金指引(试行)》,
拉开了我国基础设施公募 REITs试点的序幕。
REITs是我国不动产资产证券化的重要工具,其与基础设施建设紧密结合,符合政
策和市场需求,能够有效地盘活存量资产,提升企业的融资效率。但是,基础设施 REITs
存在着一定的风险,比如基础资产的现金流缺乏稳定性、相关参与主体的道德风险等,
从而会对投资者的利益产生一定的负面影响。所以对基础设施 REITs的风险研究有着一
定的现实意义。
本文在研究基础设施 REITs的风险时选择了中国交建在 2022年所发行的“华夏中
国交建高速公路封闭式基础设施证券投资基金”(以下简称“华夏中国交建高速 REITs”),
从而对其主体的风险进行评估和防控。全文主要包括以下内容:第一,阐述了 REITs含
义、分类、结构、运作流程及与 REITs风险相关的基础理论;第二,根据收集的文献内
容,梳理出我国基础设施 REITs的发展历程,并从宏观、中观、微观三个层面对基础设
施 REITs风险进行阐述和分析;第三,介绍华夏中国交建高速 REITs的基本情况、各参
与主体、交易结构等,在此基础上采取定性和定量相结合的方法对华夏中国交建高速
REITs的风险进行分析。其中,定性分析主要从宏观、中观和微观三个层面展开,研究
发现市场的不确定性、高速公路行业供需的变化、基础资产运营净收入波动和管理水平
都会给项目带来风险。定量分析部分主要测算了华夏中国交建高速 REITs发行的市场效
应、基础资产的价值、项目运营净现金流变动、主要原始权益人财务状况和发起人的信
用。最后,根据前文对华夏中国交建高速 REITs风险的定性和定量分析,分别从行业、
参与主体、基础资产以及法律监管四个层面,提出了我国基础设施 REITs的风险防控建
议。
关键词:基础设施 REITs;风险;防控
I
Abstract
The investment scope of real estate investment trusts in 37 countries and regions
(hereinafter referredtoas "REITs")has expandedfromcommercial realestate to
transportation, energy, municipal, warehousing and logistics, and big data centers. In recent
years, the state has promulgated a series of relevant policies and regulations to promote the
development of infrastructure REITs and market construction. On April 30, 2020, the National
Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and CSRC jointly issued the "Notice on
Promoting the Work Related to the Pilot of Real Estate Investment Trust Fund (REITs) in the
Field of Infrastructure" and "Guidance for Public Offering of InfrastructureSecurities
Investment Fund (Trial Implementation)", which drew back the prologue of the pilot of public
offering of infrastructure REITs in China.
REITs is an important tool of real estate securitization in China, which is closely
combined with the infrastructure construction, according to the policy and market demand,
and can effectively activate the stock assets, improve the financing efficiency of enterprises.
However, there are certain risks in infrastructure REITs, such as the lack of stability of the
cash flow of the underlying assets and the moral hazard of the relevant subjects involved,
which will have a certain negative impact on the interests of investors. Therefore, the risk
research on infrastructure REITs has certain practical significance.
When studying the risks of infrastructure REITs, this paper selected the "Huaxia China
Communications Construction Highway Closed Infrastructure Securities Investment Fund"
(hereinafter referred to as "Huaxia China Communications Construction Highway REITs")
issued by CCCC in 2022, so as to assess and prevent the risks of its subjects. This paper
mainly includes the following contents: First, it expounds themeaning, classification,
structure, operation process of REITs and the theoretical knowledge related to REITs risk.
Second, according to the collected literature content, the current development process of
infrastructure REITs is given, and the risks of infrastructure REITs are elaborated and
analyzed from macro, meso and micro levels. Thirdly, the basic situation, participants and
transaction structure of Huaxia CCCC high-speed REITs are introduced. On this basis,
II