摘要
摘要
近年来，随着经济的发展和全球化趋势的不断深入，我国国内及国际间航空
货运业务呈现不断上涨态势，促使了我国民航货邮行业的不断发展。但疫情以来
对国内外经济冲击较大，再加上航空货运激烈的市场竞争给新进公司发展带来了
较大的挑战。在“十四五”的开局年以及建党 100周年之际这一背景下，本文以
西北货航公司为研究对象，分析了其航空货运业务发展现状及后续货运物流市场
优化布局，对公司未来如何发展、怎么发展以及更好发展的问题深化研究。
研究西北货航的航空货运业务市场布局优化，可为公司部署和实践规划的过
程提供参考建议。“十四?五”时期，我国经济危中有机，我们需抓住机遇转危为
机，争取稳中求变。文章研究方案中运用对公司航空货运市场布局现状、所处环
境的分析为公司从航线运输网络及货运业务两个方面的布局提供优化方案，以优
化的手段促进公司航空货运业务发展，使得公司市场布局合理有效，可以促进公
司经济利润的持续增长。为此，把论文研究放在全面贯彻落实总书记的“十四五”
期间定位要求之中，放在“西部大开发”的大背景之中，放在贯彻民航局以民航
强国战略目标为目标、全面落实“十四?五”时期“一二三三四”民航总体工作思
路的要求之中。确保论文研究方向符合国家政策要求、切合经济发展需要。
本论文采用了 PEST模型分析法、比较分析法等相关研究方法。在研究过程中，
首先阐述了本文的研究背景与意义、研究对象与方法、研究内容与框架及理论基
础；其次，分析了西北货航当前航空货运市场布局现状及布局面临的问题，总结
西北货航航空货运市场布局面临问题的原因；再次，从国家政策、区域经济、社
会环境、货运行业几方面阐述了西北货航航空货运业务市场布局优化的环境；进
而，结合西北货航货运实际运输策略，基于引力模型对航空货运市场收益进行建
模并使用多层编码遗传算法对西北货航航空货运市场进行布局优化，通过对发展
的环境分析后使用灰色模糊综合评价法构建航线评价体，制定了西北货航航线运
输网络布局优化方案；同时，结合公司环境特色，从运营形式、业务转型、承运
品类等方面制定西北货航现阶段相适应的货运业务市场优化方案；最后提出了西
北货航航空货运市场布局的保障措施。
关键词：西北货航；市场布局优化
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ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT
In recent years, with the development of the economy and the deepening of
globalization, my country's domestic and international air-cargo business has shown a
rising trend, which has promoted the continuous development of my country's civil air
cargo and mail industry. However, since the epidemic has had a greater impact on the
domestic and foreign economies, fierce market competition of the air-cargo has brought
greater challenges to the development of new entrants as well. Based on the background
of the opening year of the " 14th Five-Year Plan " and the 100th anniversary of the
founding of the Communist Party of China, this article takes North-western Cargo
Airlines as the research object, analyzes the development status of its air-cargo business
and the subsequent optimized layout of the cargo logistics market, deeply studies on the
issues of what to development, how to develop, and how to develop better.
Studying the optimization of North-western Cargo Airlines' air-cargo business market
layout may provide reference suggestions for the company's deployment and
implementation of planning. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, our country's
economy has both the crisis and opportunity. We need to seize the opportunity to turn
crisis into opportunity and strive for stability while seeking change. This article research
plan uses the analysis of the company’s air-cargo market layout status and environment
to provide an optimized solution for the company’s layout in terms of airline
transportation network and cargo business. Also, by optimized means, the company’s
cargo business may be developed, its market layout may be reasonable and effective,
and the continuous growth of the company’s economic profits may be promoted. To this
end, the thesis research is placed in the comprehensive implementation of the general
secretary’s positioning requirements during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, in the
context of the “Western Development”, and in the implementation of the Civil Aviation
Administration’s strategic goal of building a strong civil aviation nation, fully
implement the requirements of the "One Two Three Three Four" civil aviation work
during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period. Ensure that the research direction of the thesis
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