政策性融资担保公司业务风险控制研究
—基于A担保公司案例
研究生姓名：蒋奕恒
导师姓名：刘俊杰
学科：金融
研究方向：金融市场与投资
年级：2020级
中文摘要
受近年来我国经济形势下行以及当前疫情的影响，小微企业的发展举步维艰。政
策性融资担保公司以国家信用为背书，能有效降低银行等金融机构的信贷风险，又为
小微企业融资提供增信服务，有助于解决小微企业融资难问题。2022年3月，十三届
全国人大五次会议上，国务院总理李克强在政府工作报告中提到要进一步扩大政府性
融资担保对小微企业的覆盖面，推动解决小微企业融资难题。
A担保公司是广西壮族自治区政府于2017年成立的一家政策性融资担保公司，本
文以A担保公司为研究对象，在综合相关概念及理论的基础上，系统分析公司业务情
况和风险控制措施，通过对业务代偿案例分析，发现公司业务风险控制中存在问题，
并对问题进行原因分析，针对性提出改进公司业务风险控制的对策，最后对A担保公
司案例进行总结，为促进政策性融资担保公司业务风险控制提供经验借鉴。
论文结合国内外学者的研究文献，首先对政策性融资担保公司的业务风险及其风
险特点进行界定；其次从公司简介、业务情况及操作流程等三方面来介绍A担保公司
概况，通过介绍公司业务授信中的风险控制、担保风险分类管理、担保项目风险预警、
项目风险分析例会来分析A担保公司业务风险控制现状；最后从代偿项目中选取三个
典型项目，介绍其项目基本概况、风险暴露过程来分析导致这些项目发生代偿的原因，
发现A担保公司业务风险控制中存在尽职调查不够充分、对企业分析不透彻、项目保
后检查不足、风险预警反应迟缓、信用查询渠道偏窄等问题，分析发现导致问题出现
的原因主要是业务团队经验不足，制度建设不够完善；高估第二还款来源，信息收集
不够充分；缺乏渠道建设重视，对保后检查不严谨；风险管理执行较差，行业整体把
控不足；缺乏清晰量化指标，动态管理技术落后。据此针对性提出应从完善业务制度
建设、提升保后管理意识、增强人才队伍建设、拓宽业务沟通渠道等方面解决公司业
务风险控制问题。通过对案例的分析，归纳总结出要加强政策性融资担保公司业务的
风险控制，推进政府性融资担保行业健康发展，必须要携手各方力量，在构建小微企
业信息平台的同时，既要加大风险损失补偿力度又要稳步推进银行担保合作。
关键词：小微企业；政策性融资担保公司；风险控制
I

Research on business risk control of policy financing guarantee
company- based on the case of a guarantee company
Graduate student: Yiheng Jiang
Supervisor: Junjie Liu
Major：Finance
Research direction: Financial market and investment
Grate:2020
Abstract
Affected by the downturn of China's economic situation in recent years and the current
epidemic, the development of small and micro enterprises is difficult. The policy financing
guarantee company is funded by the government and endorsed by the national credit. It can
effectively reduce the credit risk of banks and other financial institutions, and provide credit
enhancement services for the financing of small and micro enterprises, which helps to solve
the financing difficulties of small and micro enterprises. In March 2022, at the fifth session
of the 13th National People's Congress, Premier Li Keqiang mentioned in the government
work report that we should further expand the coverage of government financing guarantee
to small and micro enterprises and promote the solution of financing problems of small and
micro enterprises.
Taking a guarantee company as the research object, this paper systematically analyzes
the business situation and risk control measures of the company, and through the case
analysis of business compensation, finds the problems existing in the business risk control
of the company, and puts forward targeted countermeasures and suggestions, so as to provide
experience and reference for promoting the business risk control of policy financing
guarantee company. Combined with the research literature of scholars at home and abroad,
this paper first defines the significance and business risk of policy financing guarantee
companies, introduces the relevant research theoretical basis, and analyzes the business risk
of policy financing guarantee companies by expounding the business risk characteristics and
business risk control of policy financing guarantee companies; Secondly, it introduces the
general situation of a guarantee company from three aspects: company profile, business
situation and operation process, and analyzes the current situation of business risk control of
II

a guarantee company by introducing the risk control in business credit, classified
management of guarantee risk, early warning of guarantee project risk, regular meeting of
project risk analysis and other institutional measures; Finally, three typical projects are
selected from the compensation projects, and the basic overview and risk exposure process
of the projects are introduced to analyze the reasons for the compensation of these projects.
It is found that the due diligence in the business risk control of a guarantee company is
insufficient, the enterprise analysis is not thorough, the post guarantee inspection of the
project is insufficient, the response to risk early warning is slow, and the credit inquiry
channel is narrow. The causes of these problems are analyzed, Accordingly, it is pointed out
that the problem of business risk control of the company should be solved from the aspects
of improving the construction of business system, improving the awareness of post insurance
management, strengthening the construction of talent team and broadening business
communication channels. Through the analysis of the case, it is concluded that in order to
strengthen the risk control of the business of policy financing guarantee companies and
promote the healthy development of the government financing guarantee industry, we must
join hands with all forces. While building the information platform of small and micro
enterprises, we should not only strengthen the risk loss compensation, but also steadily
promote the bank guarantee cooperation.
Key words: small and micro enterprises; Policy financing guarantee; Risk management
III
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