十九大的报告中，习近平曾指出，坚持人与自然和谐共生。必须树立和践行绿 水青山就是金山银山的理念，坚持节约资源和保护环境的基本国策，此外，污染严 重的石化资源也在面临着逐渐枯竭的命运，天然气作为最清洁的化石能源，且全球 储量丰富，产业链成熟，正处于快速发展阶段。未来，天然气将和可再生能源一道 成为最具潜力、最具成长性的主体能源。目前中国天然气行业经历过长时间的发展 后在能源结构中的占比年年攀升且市场化的进程逐渐成熟，很多发展性的阶段问题 也逐渐暴露，特别是对于中小型燃气企业而言，一方面要考虑如何在中石油、中石 化及中海油三大公司及其衍生企业占据市场主导地位的行业背景下获得持续的发 展，另一方面要顺应行业发展的新趋势进行高质量发展。选择符合自身发展特征的 发展战略成为了其发展的重要前提，因此，研究将中小型燃气公司A公司作为研究 对象，帮助其研究和选择了未来时间里的发展战略，对于A公司及同类型的中小燃 气公司获得竞争优势和巩固市场地位具有重要的现实意义。 首先，研究基于文献分析法对战略管理以及和战略管理分析工具相关的国内外 理论基础进行了总结和归纳，为之后的战略研究获取了理性认知前提和奠定了基 础；其次，研究通过PEST模型、五力模型等对A燃气公司的外部环境和内部条件 进行了总结和提炼，得出了“国内燃气市场发展空间很大”等10条外部机会或者威胁 和“输配管网等基础完善”等8条内部优势或劣势，并在此基础上使用外部因素评价 法（EFE）和内部因素评价法（IFE）对影响因素进行了评价，发现外部机会（2.75 ＞2.5）和内部优势（2.7＞2.5）对A公司影响比较大；再次，研究基于上述的各类 因素通过SWOT分析法得出了SO等四种A燃气公司发展的战略备选方案，再通过 QSPM（定量战略规划）矩阵对各个战略进行了定量分析，结果显示SO战略以3.6819 的得分成为了最优战略，这样的结果显示虽然目前A燃气公司的发展存在着一定的 外部威胁和内部劣势，但外部机会更为突出和内部优势相对强劲的现状使得扩张性 的SO战略更为适用目前A公司的实际情况；最后，研究依据分析结果和A公司发 展的实际情况确定了A燃气公司的战略实施途径以及战略在实施过程中必不可少 的财务等七条保障。 研究对于确定A燃气公司及和A公司同类型的中小型燃气公司在未来几年里 发展战略，进而提升A公司的核心竞争力和市场地位具有重要的参考意义。 关键词：天然气；SWOT；战略管理；定量战略规划矩阵 昆明理工大学专业学位硕士学位论文 A燃气公司发展战略选择研究 II Abstract In the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Xi Jinping once pointed out that we insist on the harmonious coexistence of man and nature. We must establish and practice the concept that green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains, and adhere to the basic national policy of saving resources and protecting the environment. In addition, severely polluted petrochemical resources are also facing the fate of gradual exhaustion. Natural gas is the cleanest fossil energy source With abundant global reserves and a mature industrial chain, it is in a stage of rapid development. In the future, natural gas will become the main energy source with the greatest potential and growth together with renewable energy. At present, after a long period of development, China’s natural gas industry’s share in the energy structure has increased year by year and the marketization process has gradually matured. Many developmental issues have gradually been exposed, especially for small and medium gas companies. On the one hand, it is necessary to consider how to achieve sustainable development under the industry background where the three major companies of PetroChina, Sinopec, and CNOOC and their derivatives occupy a dominant market position. On the other hand, it is necessary to follow the new trend of industry development for high-quality development. Choosing a development strategy that suits its own development characteristics has become an important prerequisite for its development. Therefore, the study took the small and medium-sized gas company A as the research object to help it study and choose the development strategy in the future. For A company and similar types It is of great practical significance for small and medium gas companies to gain a competitive advantage and consolidate their market position. First, the research summarizes and summarizes strategic management and the domestic and foreign theoretical basis related to strategic management analysis tools based on the literature analysis method, and obtains the rational cognitive premise and lays the foundation for the subsequent strategic research; second, the research adopts the PEST model , Five Forces Model, etc. summarized and refined the external environment and internal conditions of Gas Company A, and obtained 10 external opportunities or 昆明理工大学专业学位硕士学位论文 A燃气公司发展战略选择研究 III threats such as "the domestic gas market has a lot of room for development" and "the foundation of the transmission and distribution network is perfect." Wait for 8 internal advantages or disadvantages, and on this basis, use the external factor evaluation method (EFE) and internal factor evaluation method (IFE) to evaluate the influencing factors, and find external opportunities (2.75>2.5) and internal advantages (2.7> 2.5) The impact on company A is relatively large; again, based on the various factors mentioned above, the SWOT analysis method is used to obtain four strategic alternatives for the development of gas company A such as SO, and then the QSPM (Quantitative Strategic Planning) matrix The strategy was analyzed quantitatively, and the results showed that SO strategy became the optimal strategy with a score of 3.6819. This result shows that although the current development of Gas Company A has certain external threats and internal disadvantages, external opportunities and internal advantages are more prominent. The relatively strong status quo makes the expandable SO strategy more suitable for the current actual situation of company A; finally, the research based on the analysis results and the actual situation of the development of company A determines the strategy implementation path of gas company A and the strategy must not be implemented in the implementation process Seven guarantees such as less finance. The research has important reference significance for determining the development strategy of Gas Company A and small and medium-sized gas companies of the same type as Company A in the next few years, thereby enhancing Company A's core competitiveness and market position. Keywords: natural gas; SWOT; strategic management; quantitative strategic planning matrix 昆明理工大学专业学位硕士学位论文 A燃气公司发展战略选择研究 i 目录 摘要 ................................................................................................................. I ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................... II 第一章 绪论 ................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景 ............................................................................................... 1 1.2 研究的目的及意义 ............................................................................... 1 1.3 国内外研究现状 ................................................................................... 2 1.3.1 国外研究现状 ................................................................................ 2 1.3.2 国内研究现状 ................................................................................ 4 1.4 研究内容与方法 ................................................................................... 6 1.4.1 研究内容 ........................................................................................ 6 1.4.2 研究方法 ........................................................................................ 7 1.5 研究思路 ............................................................................................... 7 第二章 相关理论基础 ................................................................................... 9 2.1 战略管理相关理论 ............................................................................... 9 2.1.1 战略管理的定义 ..........................................................