近年来，中小企业的发展不断繁荣，企业数量飞速增长，对国家的经济发展贡献了 越来越多的力量。中小企业的发展前景对国民经济的不断进步影响重大，其所创造价值 的高低也与人民的福祉息息相关。管理信息化是企业管理改革发展的趋势，也是整个企 业信息化和智能化发展道路的必由之路，将管理信息化实践运用于中小企业将极大地提 升我国经济的综合效益和整体信息化水平，管理信息化水平的提高也将对中小企业核心 竞争力的增强和现代化管理水平的大幅提升产生指导意义。 管理信息化是以信息化带动工业化，实现企业管理现代化的过程，它是将现代信息 技术与先进的管理理念相融合，转变企业生产方式、经营方式、业务流程、传统管理方 式和组织方式，重新整合企业内外部资源，提高企业效率和效益、增强企业竞争力的过 程。大数据（Bigdata）的产生伴随着云时代的来临吸引了越来越多的关注，运用特殊 的技术（如大规模并行处理（MPP）数据库、数据挖掘、分布式文件系统、分布式数据 库、云计算平台等）有效处理公司创造的大量非结构化数据和半结构化数据来为中小企 业的管理决策和管理信息化建设服务，在大数据环境下对中小企业管理信息化构筑实践 进行研究是本文的主旨。人工智能时代以来，管理信息化的发展速度不断加快，信息改 革模式不断升级，如今正在过渡到从企业管理软件向大数据背景下云计算新应用和管理 信息化系统实施的新时期。前人对于管理信息化在中小企业的研究大多基于理论，这导 致信息化研究和发展在实践方面的缺失。 本论文通过对在中小企业中具有代表性的A公司深入调研、查阅相关资料、和A公 司各部门以及信息化系统专家深入沟通等方式，了解A公司的发展困境，在介绍了管理 信息化实施现状的基础上，分析了在大数据的时代背景下，建设企业管理信息化和企业 信息集成化的必要性和可行性。运用比较分析法和模型构建等方法分析管理信息化实践 的大数据应用模式发现各种模式与传统管理信息化相比的优势，对A公司管理信息化实 践过程中合理运用大数据进行系统研究，以期对A公司的信息化的建设和发展起到一定 的引导作用，为A公司的发展和综合效益提升提供合理的建议。 关键词：中小企业，大数据，管理信息化实践，综合效益 ⅠII Abstract Inrecentyears,thedevelopmentofsmallandmedium-sizedenterpriseshasbeen booming,thenumberofenterpriseshasgrownrapidly,contributingmoreandmoretothe country'seconomicdevelopment.Thedevelopmentprospectsofsmallandmedium-sized enterpriseshaveagreatimpactonthecontinuousprogressofthenationaleconomy,andthe valuewhichhasbeencreatediscloselyrelatedtothewell-beingofthepeople.Management informationizationisthetrendofenterprisemanagementreformanddevelopment,butalso thewholeenterpriseinformationandintelligentdevelopmentpathoftheonlyplace,the managementinformationpracticewillgreatlyenhancethecomprehensivebenefitsofChina's economyandtheoveralllevelofinformationtechnology,theimprovementofmanagement informationlevelwillalsobethecorecompetitivenessofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises toenhanceandthemodernizationofthemanagementlevelofthegreatlyimprovedguiding significance. Managementinformationizationistheprocessofindustrializationdrivenbyinformation technologyandmodernizationofenterprisemanagement,whichistheprocessofintegrating moderninformationtechnologywithadvancedmanagementconcepts,transformingthemode ofproduction,modeofoperation,businessprocess,traditionalmanagementmodeand organization,re-integratingtheinternalandexternalresourcesoftheenterprise,improvingthe profitabilityandefficiencyoftheenterpriseoperation,andenhancingthecompetitivenessof theenterprise.TheapplicationofBigdatawiththeclouderahasattractedmoreandmore attention.Theuseofspecialtechnologies(suchaslarge-scaleparallelprocessing,MPP database,datamining,distributedfilesystem,distributeddatabase,cloudcomputingplatform, etc.)whichareeffectivelydealingwiththecompany'slargenumberofunstructureddataand semi-structureddataarewidelycontributedintermsofthemanagementdecision-makingand managementinformationconstructionservicesforsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises.Under thebigdataenvironment,conductastudyofmanagementinformationconstructionpractice forsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesarethemainpurposeofthispaper.Sincetheeraof artificialintelligence,thedevelopmentofmanagementinformationtechnologyhasbeen accelerating,theinformationreformmodelhasbeencontinuouslyupgraded,andnowitis transitioningfromenterprisemanagementsoftwaretobigdatabackground,cloudcomputing newapplicationsandmanagementinformationsystemimplementationofthenewperiod. ⅠIII Thepreviousresearchonmanagementinformationizationinsmallandmedium-sized enterpriseswasmostlybasedontheory,whichledtothelackofinformationresearchand developmentinpractice. Inthispaper,throughin-depthresearchontherepresentativeAcompanyinsmalland medium-sizedenterprises,consultingrelevantmaterials,andin-depthcommunicationwith variousdepartmentsandinformationsystemexpertsofcompanyA,thedevelopment challengeswhichcompanyAisfacingarewellunderstood.Onthebasisofintroductionofthe implementationstatusofmanagementinformation,thenecessityandfeasibilityofbuilding enterprisemanagementinformationandenterpriseinformationintegrationunderthe backgroundofbigdataeraareanalyzedandcompared.Throughtheapplicationofthe analysismethodandmodelconstructionaswellasothermethods,conductanalysisofthebig dataapplicationmodeformanagementinformatizationpractice,tofindouttheadvantagesof variousmodescomparedwithtraditionalmanagementinformatization,andthen systematicallystudythereasonableuseofbigdataintheprocessofmanagement informatizationpracticeofcompanyA,soastoplayacertainguidingroleintheconstruction anddevelopmentofacompany'sinformatization,andprovidefeasiblesuggestionsforthe furtherdevelopmentandcomprehensivebenefitimprovementforcompanyA. Keywords:smallandmedium-sizedenterprises，bigdata，managementinformationpractice， comprehensivebenefits ⅠIV 目录 第一章绪论.............................................................................................................................................................1 1.1研究背景与意义.........................................................................................................................................1 1.2文献研究综述.............................................................................................................................................2 1.3研究内容和方法.........................................................................................................................................4 1.4相关概念.....................................................................................................................................................5 1.5主要工作创新.............................................................................................................................................9 1.6本文研究框架图.......................................................................................................................................10 第二章大数据背景下企业管理信息概述...........................................................................................................11 2.1大数据概述...............................................................................................................................................11 2.2企业管理信息化概述...............................................................................................................................19 2.3大数据对企业管理信息化的改造..........................................................................................................23 2.4大数据背景下企业管理信息化应该具备的基本功能...........................................................................25 2.5大数据背景下企业管理信息化实践中存在的问题...............................................................................26 2.6大数据背景下企业管理信息化变革对策...............................................................................................28 第三章大数据背景下A公司管理信息化中的问题及分析..............................................................................32 3.1A公司基本情况........................................................................................................................................32 3.2A公司现状分析——SWOT分析...........................................................................................................33 3.3大数据背景下A公司管