I 摘要 改革开放以来，小微企业一直是国民经济和社会发展的生力军，是建设现代 化经济体系、推动经济实现高质量发展的重要基础，在扩大居民就业、增加国民 收入、改善民生等方面发挥着不可替代的重要作用。在我国经济发展进入新常态 下，小微企业的发展更是不断为市场创新输送源源活力。但另一方面，小微企业 却长期面临着“融资难、融资贵”的世界性难题，成为制约小微企业长远发展的最大 瓶颈。随着我国持续深化金融供给侧结构性改革，不断增强金融服务实体经济能 力，优化小微企业金融服务成为社会上下普遍关注的热点，而潜力巨大的小微企 业信贷市场，也已成为各家商业银行实现转型发展的一个重要方面。 当前，大数据技术日益成熟，大数据在金融活动中的运用已成为各金融机构 的创新利器。尤其是在互联网金融快速发展的新格局下，传统商业银行为保持竞 争优势，纷纷通过大数据来优化小微企业信贷产品，以达到提高自身盈利水平、 控制小微信贷风险、缓解小微企业融资困难的目的，实现银行和小微企业的双赢 的局面。 本文以长尾理论、金融创新理论和企业金融周期成长理论为理论基础，采用 文献分析法、案例分析法、比较分析法，对 CM 银行基于大数据的小微贷款产品 创新进行了系统性分析。文章首先对国内外相关文献进行全面系统梳理；其次， 整理分析我国小微企业和大数据的概念及特征，介绍了目前大数据在小微企业贷 款领域的应用以及意义；再次，介绍了 CM 银行小微贷款产品创新的发展，通过 数据和图表展示 CM 银行小微企业贷款现状，分析研究小微企业贷款在担保方式、 定价和风险等方面存在的问题和原因；接着，以 CM 银行的 “W 乐贷”产品为案例， 对大数据小微企业贷款产品的创新进行深入剖析；最后，对案例经验进行总结， 提出 CM 银行运用大数据发展小微企业贷款产品创新的经验启示。 关键词：小微企业 大数据 贷款产品 创新 CM 银行ABSTRACT II ABSTRACT Since the reform and opening-up, small & micro enterprises have played an irreplaceable important role in expanding employment, increasing national income and improving people's livelihood as the new forces for national economy and social development and the important foundation for building a modern economic system and promoting high-quality economic development. On the one hand, in the context of new normal of economic development in China, the development of small & micro enterprises has constantly conveyed new forces for the market innovation. On the other hand, small & micro enterprises have long exposed to the worldwide problems of "difficult financing and expensive financing", which have become the biggest bottleneck restricting the long-term development of small and micro enterprises. With the deepening of structural reform in financial supply side, it has been a social concern to continuously enhance the real economic capacity of financial services and optimize the financial services of small & micro enterprises. The potential credit market for small & micro enterprises plays an important role in the transformation and development of commercial banks. At present, as the big data technology becomes increasingly mature, the big data has been the innovative tool for financial institutions in financial activities. Under the new pattern of the rapid development of Internet finance, traditional commercial banks are optimizing the credit products of small and micro enterprises through big data, in order to maintain the competitive advantages, improve the profitability, control the credit risks, relieve the financing difficulties and achieve the win-win between banks and small & micro enterprises. Based on the long tail theory, financial innovation theory and financial growth cycle theory, this paper systematically analyzes the CM Bank loans for small & micro enterprises based on big data by means of literature analysis, case analysis and comparative analysis. Firstly, the relevant literatures at home and abroad are sorted out comprehensively and systematically; Secondly, the concepts and features of small & micro enterprises and big data are analyzed, and the application and significance of big data in the loan field for small & micro enterprises are introduced; Thirdly, the development of CM Bank loans for small & micro enterprises' innovation is introduced,ABSTRACT III and the current situation of CM Bank loans for small & micro enterprises is displayed in a chart, the problems with guarantees, pricing and risks and their causes are analyzed; Fourthly, the innovation in the big data loan products for small & micro enterprises is deeply analyzed taking "W Lead" product in CM Bank as an example; Finally, the case experience is summed and the enlightenment of innovation in loan products by using big data for small & micro enterprises in CM Bank is put forward. Keywords: Small & Micro Enterprises,Big Data, Loan Products, Innovation, CM Bank目 录 IV 目 录 第一章 绪 论...................................................................................................................1 1.1 研究背景与意义................................................................................................. 1 1.1.1 研究背景...................................................................................................1 1.1.2 研究意义...................................................................................................1 1.2 文献综述............................................................................................................. 2 1.2.1 小微企业融资困难的原因.......................................................................2 1.2.2 大数据缓解小微企业融资困境的作用...................................................3 1.2.3 金融产品创新的研究...............................................................................4 1.2.4 研究评述...................................................................................................5 1.3 研究的主要内容................................................................................................. 6 1.4 研究思路与研究方法......................................................................................... 6 1.4.1 研究思路...................................................................................................6 1.4.2 研究方法...................................................................................................7 1.4.3 研究路线图...............................................................................................8 1.5 可能的创新与不足............................................................................................. 8 第二章 相关概念和理论综述.........................................................................................9 2.1 小微企业的界定................................................................................................. 9 2.1.1 小微企业的概念.......................................................................................9 2.1.2 小微企业的特征.....................................................................................10 2.2 大数据的概念及特征....................................................................................... 10 2.2.1 大数据的概念.........................................................................................10 2.2.2 大数据的特征.........................................................................................11 2.3 大数据在小微企业贷款领域的应用及意义................................................... 12 2.3.1 大数据在小微企业贷款领域的应用.....................................................12 2.3.2 大数据在小微企业贷款领域应用的意义.............................................12 2.4 相关理论基础................................................................................................... 13 2.4.1 长尾理论.................................................................................................13 2.4.2 金融创新理论.........................................................................................14 2.4.3 企业金融成长周期理论.........................................................................15 第三章 CM 银行小微企业贷款产品创新发展现状及存在的问题............................16目 录 V 3.1 小微企业融资现状及特征............................................................................... 16 3.1