-I- 摘要 在当今社会发展背景下，气候问题逐渐成为人类除发展经济以外重要的关注 内容，受制于自然资源有限性，在一定程度上，气候问题已经成为阻碍全球经济 社会发展的重要制约因素。国内外很早就开始关注气候变化的问题，并进行较为 广泛的研究，2009 年，《哥本哈根协议》更加从科学的角度阐释了碳排放与经 济社会发展的关系，减少碳排放已经成为世界各国的共识。低碳就是以最低的碳 排放来满足人类社会生活的各方面需要，低碳发展的主旨在于实现环境保护与人 类发展的和谐共处。 BJ 公交集团作为北京地区最大的城市公交国有股份制企业，积极顺应国家 政策和经济、环境发展需要，于 2009 年即开始实施低碳交通发展战略，然而低 碳交通作为新的事物，在我国发展时间尚短，BJ 公交集团在低碳交通的发展过 程中，也面临了各种问题和挑战，比如低碳交通意识不充分、公交低碳技术水平 不高、低碳公交资金压力大、智能信息化资源配置效率低等问题，有鉴于此，为 了更好的应对北京日益严重的气候问题，同时提高 BJ 公交集团低碳交通发展水 平，加大对 BJ 公交集团低碳发展战略的研究就显得尤为迫切。 首先对低碳交通相关理论以及国内外的低碳交通发展的相关研究成果进行 了研究，在此基础上，对 BJ 公交集团及其低碳交通发展的外部环境进行了分析。 然后基于 SWOT 分析，制定了针对 BJ 公交集团低碳发展的战略：扭转型战略和 增长型战略，最后分别从提高公司低碳公交发展管理建设、加强企业低碳人才建 设，优化企业知识结构、加大低碳技术的开发和应用、加大公司公交低碳化发展 的资金保障力度等方面提出针对 BJ 公交集团低碳交通发展战略提出了四个方面 的保障措施。最后针对上述战略，分别从运营、经济、社会三个方面对其实施效 果进行了预测评估。本文针对 BJ 公司低碳交通发展战略的研究，不论是改善北 京市城市公交面貌，还是提升 BJ 公交集团低碳交通发展水平，都具有非常重要 的现实意义和环境意义，同时，针对 BJ 公司低碳交通发展过程中发展战略研究， 还能为国内其它城市同行低碳交通的发展提供有益的理论借鉴。 关键词：公交集团；低碳；发展战略Abstract -III- Abstract Under the background of social development, climate problem has gradually become an important concern of mankind besides economic development, which is restricted by the limitation of natural resources. To a certain extent, climate problem has become an important restrictive factor hindering the development of global economy and society. In 2009, the Copenhagen Accord more scientifically explained the relationship between carbon emissions and economic and social development. Reducing carbon emissions has become the consensus of all countries in the world. Low carbon is to meet the needs of all aspects of human social life with the lowest carbon emissions. The main purpose of low carbon development is to achieve the harmonious coexistence of environmental protection and human development. BJ Bus Group, as the largest state-owned joint-stock enterprise of urban public transport in Beijing, actively meets the needs of national policy, economic and environmental development. It began to implement low-carbon transportation development strategy in 2009. However, as a new thing, low-carbon transportation has a short development time in China. BJ Bus Group also faces various problems and challenges in the development of low-carbon transportation, such as In view of the insufficient awareness of low-carbon transportation, the low-carbon technology level of public transport, the pressure of low-carbon public transport funds and the low efficiency of intelligent information resource allocation, it is particularly urgent to strengthen the research on the low-carbon development strategy of BJ Public Transport Group in order to better cope with the increasingly serious climate problems in Beijing and at the same time to improve the development level of low-carbon transportation of BJ Public Transport Group. Firstly, this paper summarizes the theory of low-carbon transportation and the related research results of low-carbon transportation development at home and abroad. On this basis, it makes a detailed analysis of the implementation status and existing problems of BJ Bus Group's low-carbon transportation development strategy, respectively, from improving the management construction of company's low-carbon public transportation development, strengthening the construction of low-carbon talents, optimizing enterprise's knowledge structure and increasing the low-carbon level. The development and application of carbon technology, increasing financial support for the development of low-carbon bus companies, and other aspects of the北京工业大学工商管理硕士专业学位论文 -IV- corresponding development improvement measures for BJ bus group. Finally, in view of the above improvement measures, the effect is evaluated from three aspects: operation, economy and society. In this paper, the research on BJ company's low-carbon transportation development strategy has very important practical significance and environmental significance, whether to improve Beijing's urban public transport appearance or to enhance the development level of BJ bus group's low-carbon transportation. At the same time, the research on BJ company's low-carbon transportation development strategy can also provide useful information for the development of low-carbon transportation in other cities in China. Theoretic reference. Keywords: BJ Bus Group,low-carbon,Development strategy目录 -V- 目录 摘要.................................................................................................................................I Abstract.......................................................................................................................III 目录...............................................................................................................................V 第 1 章绪论....................................................................................................................1 1.1 研究背景和意义 .................................................................................................1 1.1.1 研究背景........................................................................................................1 1.1.2 研究意义.......................................................................................................1 1.2 研究内容 .............................................................................................................2 1.3 研究方法 .............................................................................................................2 1.4 低碳交通相关理论 .............................................................................................3 1.4.1 可持续交通理论...........................................................................................3 1.4.2 绿色交通理论...............................................................................................3 1.4.3 低碳交通理论...............................................................................................3 1.4.4 生态交通理论...............................................................................................4 1.4.5 智慧交通理论................................................................................................4 1.5 低碳交通国内外文献综述 .................................................................................4 1.5.1 低碳交通的定义............................................................................................4 1.5.2 低碳交通国内外研究现状...........................................................................5 第 2 章 BJ 公交集团基本情况及其外部发展环境分析 ............................................9 2.1 BJ 公交集团基本情况.........................................................................................9 2.1.1 BJ 公交集团简介 ..........................................................................................9 2.1.2 BJ 公交集团业务及低碳发展分析 ..............................................................9 2.1.3 BJ 公交集团近期经营状况 ........................................................................10 2.1.4 BJ 公交集团低碳发展的基础 .................................................................... 11 2.2 BJ 公交集团发展环境分析..................