目 录
0. 引 言1
0.1 研究背景及选题意义 1
0.1.1 研究背景 1
0.1.2 选题意义 1
0.2 文献综述 2
0.2.1 国外文献综述 2
0.2.2 国内文献综述 3
0.2.3 文献评述 4
0.3 研究思路与方法 4
0.3.1 研究思路 4
0.3.2 研究方法 5
1. 不良贷款相关理论概述 6
1.1 不良贷款的概念与分类 6
1.1.1 不良贷款的概念 6
1.1.2 不良贷款的分类 6
1.2 不良贷款形成的相关理论 7
1.2.1 信用论 7
1.2.2 金融脆弱性理论 8
1.2.3 银行行为理论 8
1.3 不良贷款的危害 9
1.3.1 不良贷款对银行的危害 9
1.3.2 不良贷款对国民经济发展的危害 10
2. 上饶银行南昌分行不良贷款管理现状及成因分析11
2.1 企业介绍11
2.2 上饶银行南昌分行不良贷款管理现状 12
2.3 上饶银行南昌分行不良贷款案例分析 13
2.3.1 LL 公司不良贷款案例分析 13
2.3.2 CC 公司不良贷款案例分析 15
2.3.3 XX 公司不良贷款案例分析16
2.4 上饶银行南昌分行不良贷款内部成因分析 17
2.4.1 信贷管理机制不健全，制度不完善 17
2.4.2 信贷人员业务素质有待提升 19II
2.4.3 信贷管理制度没落实到位，风险控制不力 20
2.4.4 信贷投向单一，行业集中度高 22
2.5 上饶银行南昌分行不良贷款处置存在的问题 23
3. 国外银行处置不良贷款的经验及启示25
3.1 国外银行不良贷款处置方案 25
3.1.1 美国经验借鉴 25
3.1.2 日本经验借鉴 25
3.1.3 波兰经验借鉴 26
3.2 国外银行处理不良贷款的经验对我们的启示 26
4. 上饶银行南昌分行不良贷款管理对策28
4.1 建立科学的管理机制 28
4.1.1 健全信贷体制，丰富业务类型 28
4.1.2 建立合理的薪酬激励机制 29
4.2 加强信贷队伍建设，增强风险防范意识 29
4.2.1 夯实信贷队伍，提高信贷人员准入门槛 29
4.2.2 加强人员培训 30
4.2.3 增强员工风险防范意识 30
4.3 严格落实信贷制度，加强风险防控能力 31
4.4 优化信贷结构，分散信贷风险 33
4.5 创新不良贷款清收方式 34
4.5.1 救助不良企业 34
4.5.2 成立专业化清收团队 35
4.5.3 多样化处置不良贷款手段 35
4.6 综合运用互联网渠道探索不良贷款管理新道路 36
5. 总结 38
5.1 研究结论38
5.2 研究的局限性40
参考文献41III
Contents
0. Introduction1
0.1 Background and significance of research 1
0.1.1 Background of research 1
0.1.2 Significance of research 1
0.2 Literature review2
0.2.1 The literature abroad2
0.2.2 The literature home 3
0.2.3 Review of the literature 4
0.3 Mentality and method of research4
0.3.1 Mentality of research 4
0.3.2 Method of research5
1. Introduction to the related theory of non-performing loans 6
1.1 The concepts and classifications of non-performing loans 6
1.1.1 The concept of non-performing loans 6
1.1.2 The classifications of non-performing loans 6
1.2 The forming theory of non-performing loans 7
1.2.1 The theory of credit 7
1.2.2 The theory of financial fragility 8
1.2.3 The theory of bank behavior8
1.3 The dangers of non-performing loans 9
1.1.1 The dangers of non-performing loans for banks9
1.1.2 The dangers of non-performing loans to the national economic development2. The present management situation and cause analysis of non-performing loans
in Nanchang branch of Bank of Shangrao 11
2.1 Bank introduction 11
2.2 The present management situation of non-performing loans in Nanchang branch
of Bank of Shangrao 12
2.3 Non-performing loans case analysis 13
2.3.1 LL company non-performing loans case analysis 13
2.3.2 CC company non-performing loans case analysis15
2.3.3 XX company non-performing loans case analysis 16
2.4 Internal cause analysis of non-performing loans in Nanchang branch of Bank of
Shangrao17IV
2.4.1 The mechanism and system of credit management is not perfect 17
2.4.2 The professional quality of creditor needs to be improved 19
2.4.3 Credit management system is not implemented 20
2.4.4 High concentration of credit orientation 22
2.5 Problems in the disposal of non-performing loans 23
3. The experiences and revelations of the disposal of non-performing loans in
foreign banks 25
3.1 The disposal program of non-performing loans in foreign banks 25
3.1.1 American experience sharing25
3.1.2 Japanese experience sharing25
3.1.3 Poland experience sharing 26
3.2 The revelations of the disposal of non-performing loans in foreign banks 26
4. Non-performing loans management strategy in Nanchang branch of Bank of
Shangrao28
4.1 Establish a scientific management mechanism28
4.1.1 Improve the system of credit, enrich the business types28
4.1.2 Establish a reasonable salary incentive mechanism 29
4.2 Strengthen the credit team construction 29
4.2.1 Improve the creditor entry 29
4.2.2 Strengthen the creditor training 30
4.2.3 Enhance the creditor risk prevention consciousness 30
4.3 Implement the credit management system strictly31
4.4 Optimize the credit structure33
4.5 Innovation the recovery mode of non-performing loans34
4.5.1 Relief the troubled companies34
4.5.2 Establish a professional recovery team 35
4.5.3 Diversified means of disposal of non-performing loans35
4.6 Comprehensive use of Internet channels to explore new ways of non-performing
loan management36
5. Summary 38
5.1 The conclusion of the research 38
5.2 The limitations of the research 40
The reference 411
摘要
银行在金融行业中处于核心地位，在金融行业的发展中发挥着无可替代的影
响。当然，银行作为盈利性企业，信贷业务是银行最重要的资产业务，而不良贷
款管理则是银行业务发展的枢纽。近年来，尽管各大银行都加强了对不良贷款的
重视和管理，并且采取了相关应对措施，但不良贷款的上升势头仍未得到有效缓
解，其占总贷款的比例和庞大数额都让人忧心忡忡。不良贷款的有效管理，陪伴
着银行业发展的始终，对不良贷款形成原因和解决策略的探索，有着重大的现实
意义，这关系着银行信贷资产的质量，关系着银行盈利能力和核心竞争力的提高，
关系着银行经营基础的巩固和经营目标的实现，是银行业健康平稳发展的一个关
键因素

上饶银行南昌分行自年 7 月在南昌设立以来，经过五年多的经营，逐步
发展，稳中求进，存款贷款等数据可观。但与此同时，也出现逾期贷款、不良贷
款增多、贷款收息率下降的情况，一些以前还能够归还本金的借款人还本出现困
难，一些以前能够正常还息的借款人开始拖欠利息，存量贷款有一部分呈现恶化，
不良贷款压力越来越大。为了提高该行的抗风险能力和盈利能力，防范和化解金
融风险，保证该行的持续健康发展，对于不良贷款管理的研究势在必行。本文将
通过介绍上饶银行南昌分行的现状，分析不良贷款出现的成因，并有针对性地提
出解决措施，实现不良贷款管理的规范化和标准化

本文是基于不良贷款理论所做出的研究，将运用信用论、金融脆弱性理论、
银行行为理论等不良贷款相关理论，从理论到实际来分析上饶银行南昌分行不良
贷款的成因及管理对策，本文主要分为六个部分：
第一部分，介绍本文的选题背景、研究意义与文献综述，及本文的研究方法
和思绪

第二部分，阐述不良贷款管理的相关概念和理论，系统概述不良贷款的概念
和分类，并且简单论述不良贷款管理的基础理论

第三部分，以上饶银行南昌分行为例，对其不良贷款进行全面分析，根据上
饶银行南昌分行的实际案例和考察结果，研究分析其不良贷款的近况、内部成因
及处置不良贷款方面存在的问题

第四部分，介绍国外银行处置不良贷款的方式，通过借鉴该经验来分析其对
上饶银行南昌分行处置不良贷款的启示

第五部分，针对具体问题，研究上饶银行南昌分行不良贷款的管理对策

第六部分，研究结论和研究的局限性分析。对本文进行总结并得出不良贷款
管理的研究结论，并分析研究的局限性

关键词：不良贷款；上饶银行；管理对策2
Abstract
Banks are in a core position of the financial industry, have a crucial influence on
the development of financial industry. Of course, banks as profit-making companies,
credit business is the most important assets of the bank, and non-performing loans
management is the key of the development of banks. In recent years, although banks
have to strengthen the recognition and management of non-performing loans, and
adopt the relevant solutions, but the rise in non-performing loans has not been
effectively alleviated. The proportion of total loans and large amount all let people
worried. The effective management of non-performing loans, along with the
development of the banking industry, exploration of non-performing loans formation
reasons and solving strategy, has great realistic significance, which is related to the
quality of bank credit assets, the enhancement of bank profitability and core
competence, the consolidation of bank management foundation and the realization of
bank management goal. It is a key factor for the healthy and steady development of
banking industry.
Bank of Shangrao, Nanchang branch since set up in Nanchang in July , after
more than five years of operation, development gradually and advance steadily, deposit
and loan data is considerable. But at the same time, there are overdue loans and
non-performing loans increased, the rate of loan interest rates declined. Some
borrowers have problems in repay the debt, some borrowers began to default interests.
Part of incurred loans have deteriorated, the pressure of non-performing loans is large.
In order to improve the bank’s risk resistance capacity and profitability, take
precautions against and reduce financial risks, ensure the sustainable development of
Bank of Shangrao, it is necessary to research the management of non-performing loans.
This thesis will analyze the causes of non-performing loans through introduce the
current situation of Bank of Shangrao, Nanchang branch, and put forward the solution
to realize the normalization and standardization of non-performing loans management.
This thesis is based on the research of the theory of non-performing loans, will
apply the theory of credit, the theory of financial fragility and the theory of bank
behavior, to analyze the causes and management strategies of non-performing loans
in Bank of Shangrao, Nanchang branch. This thesis is divided into six parts.
In the first part, introduce the background and significance of research, literature
review, research methods and ideas of this thesis.3
In the second part, describe the concepts and theories of non-performing loans
management. Systematically summarize the concept and classification of
non-performing loans, and discuss the basic theory of non-performing loans
management, including the theory of credit, the theory of financial fragility and the
theory of bank behavior.
In the third part, take the Bank of Shangrao, Nanchang branch as an example,
conduct a comprehensive analysis on its non-performing loans. According to the actual
cases and investigation results, study the present situation and internal causes of
non-performing loans, and the problems existing in the disposal of non-performing
loans.
In the fourth part, introduce the way to dispose of non-performing loans in foreign
banks, through the experience to analyze the enlightenment of the disposal of
non-performing loans for Bank of Shangrao.
In the fifth part, explore the management of non-performing loans in Bank of
Shangrao, Nanchang branch, which has strong pertinence and operability.
The sixth part, analyze the research conclusion and research limitations.
Summarize this thesis and draw the conclusion of the research on the management of
non-performing loans, and analyze the limitations of this thesis.
【Key words】Non-performing loans；Management measures；Bank of Shangrao0. 引 言
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