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MBA硕士毕业范文_宁波小微企业的融资困境与对策(65页).rar

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更新时间:2018/10/24(发布于浙江)

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文本描述
摘 要
宁波作为中国沿海经济较发达城市,多年来经济发展一直保持较快的增速,而这中间
立下汗马功劳的当属数量众多的小微企业。宁波的小微企业在经济发展中作用日益凸显,
主要表现在增加就业机会,辅助大企业发展、促进技术更新、增加地方财政收入、完善经
济结构及促进市场竞争等方面
但是小微企业在经济体系中属于弱势群体,普遍会受到“规模歧视”和“所有制歧
视”。由于宁波小微企业模小、自有资本少、可供抵押的资产也少、抗风险能力差及他们
信用等级偏低等原因,银行自然不愿冒险放贷,由此产生了“融资难”。这是小微企业不
可避免的“成长中的烦恼”。小微企业最难的事是融资,成为小微企业发展的最大瓶颈也
是融资。一位金融界资深人士将这个问题称之为“一个死结”——小微企业是最需要资金
的,却又最不具备融资条件,融不到资金就会影响发展,发展不了就仍然很难从银行贷款
本文研究的对象是宁波小微企业的融资问题与对策。首先评述了企业融资的几大理
论:非信息对称理论、信贷配给理论和关系融资理论,这为接下去的分析问题提出了理论
基础。接下去从融资渠道和融资成本等方面分析了宁波小微企业融资困境的现状,并结合
了最新的企业融资案例,使得对问题的分析更具真实性。然后本文着重从外部和企业内部
两大原因入手,系统地剖析了宁波小微企业融资问题的具体原因,比如外部的有政策、法
律层面、市场方面、融资体系方面等,企业自身的原因为产品竞争力弱、企业规模小、产
权过度集中、财务不规范、企业主素质不高等。然后本文引入了美国、德国和日本这些发
达国家对小型企业融资的具体扶持政策,这为宁波乃至我们国家解决小微企业融资问题提
供了很好的参考依据。最后本文根据分析出来的小微企业融资问题原因,提出了系统化、
针对性的小微企业融资对策
只有政府、金融机构与企业的共同努力,方能建立多元化、市场化的融资体系,最终
解决宁波小微企业融资难的问题,为小微企业提供多样化的融资渠道,促进企业发展,充
分发挥小微企业的重要作用,推动宁波经济继续高速发展
关键词:宁波小微企业;融资;困境与对策
Abstract
Ningbo as Chinese coastal economically developed city, Over the years the economy has
maintained rapid growth,The large number of small and micro businesses has played a great role.
The effect of small and micro businesses in economic development is increasingly prominent in
Ningbo, Mainly in the increasing employment opportunities、auxiliary enterprises、promote
technology renovation、increase local financial revenue、improve the economic structure and
promote the market competition.
But the small and micro businesses belong to vulnerable groups in economic
systems,generally they will be discriminated against because of size and ownership. For small and
micro businesses in Ningbo, due to the small-scale, less own capital, poor ability to resist risks, low
credit rating and other reasons, Banks naturally do not want to take the risk of lending, thereby
generating a difficult financing. This is the small and micro businesses inevitable growing
pains.the most difficult thing of small and micro businesses is financing,it has become the
bottleneck of the development of small and micro businesses. A financial sector veteran called this
a deadlock -- Small and micro businesses are most in need of funds, but most do not have the
financing conditions, lack of funds will affect the development, the development is still difficult for
bad loans from the bank.
The research object of this paper is financing problems and countermeasures of small and
micro businesses in Ningbo. This paper first reviews the theory of corporate finance: non-
symmetric information theory, theory of credit rationing and the relationship between finance
theory, which provides a theoretical basis for the rest of the analysis. Next, from the financing
channels and cost ,the paper analyze the current situation of the financing difficulties of small and
micro businesses in Ningbo, combined with the latest cases of corporate finance, it makes the
analysis of the problem more authoritative. Then the article start from corporate's outside and
inside for two reasons, it analyzes the financing problems of small and micro businesses in Ningbo
for specific reasons, such as external policy, legal aspects, market, financing system, the
enterprise's own products,weak competitiveness of small-scale businesses, excessive concentration
of property rights, financial irregularities, low quality of the business owners. Then the article
introduced specific supporting policy of the United States, Germany and Japan for small businesses,
which provides a good reference for Ningbo and even our country to solve the financing problems
of small and micro businesses. Finally, based on the analysis of the reasons,the article put forwards
systematic and targeted financing measures for small and micro businesses.
Only through the joint efforts of governments, financial institutions and enterprises, we can
establish a diversified, market-based financing system, and ultimately solve the financing problem
of small and micro businesses in Ningbo,Which offers a variety of financing channels for small
and micro businesses,to promote enterprise development, give full play to the important role of
small and micro businesses, to promote rapid economic development for Ningbo.
Key Words: Small and Micro Businesses in Ningbo;Financing; Difficulties and
Countermeasures