摘 要
随着我国航空运输业的快速发展,各航空公司的竞争日趋激烈。飞机维护,尤其是
航线维护作为公司运营的重要组成部分,其运行效率、管理模式和工作质量对公司整体
运营目标的实现有着重大的作用。
本文以在国内航空运输企业的维修单位中具有代表性的S航空公司的航线维护部
门为研究对象,全面分析了航线维护的管理和工作过程。通过对S公司航线维护管理现
状的分析,可以发现,其存在的主要问题有:故障处理流程不明确,多以常年默认的方
式来进行故障排除或工作方式的选择;生产调度岗位职能模糊,远离工作现场,无法对
航线维护工作适时地组织和安排;工具管理只关注保证工具不丢失,没有对工具养护的
要求,无法保证航线维护中工具的可用性;在维护人员的管理中,工作职能偏差导致的
员工不平衡感强烈,绩效考核标准缺乏以及对维护人员的激励不足等。
为了保证航班正常运行,以及维护效率的提高,针对S航空公司航线维护部门存在
的问题,本文提出了一些改进措施。在故障处理流程的改进中,一是按照故障产生的时
机确定标准的排故流程并要求维护人员严格执行,二是调整工作顺序,将排故准备在流
程中前移,保证排故方案在实施时的准确性和时间上的充足性。在生产调度改进中,首
先将调度岗位转移到工作现场,其次调整并明确调度岗位的职能,由调度人员来统筹并
协调工作安排。在工具管理的改进中,一方面通过5S管理模式来改变工具管理的方法,
使工具管理单位存在的问题得到及时有效地解决,另一方面加强工具保管人员对工具养
护的要求并明确考核标准。航线维护人力资源管理则要重新设计岗位,削减管理层级;
在绩效考核过程中采取全面考核的方式确保考核结果的准确性;人才选拔时更注重个人
能力和素质以及日常的绩效表现。
本文的研究结论在多个角度为国内航空公司航线维护的管理提出了一些建议,对航
线维护效率的提升、维护工作质量的保证、维护人才队伍的建设以及民航企业日常运行
的安全和正常目标的实现具有一定的参考价值。
关键词:航空运输业;航线维护管理;改进措施;效率提升
Abstract
With the rapid development of China、air transportation, airlines have confronted with the
fierce competitions. Aircraft maintenance, especially the line maintenance, is important for the
company operation. Meanwhile, the operation efficiency, the management mode and the work
quality play an important role in the realization of company's whole operation target.
The line maintenance department of S Airlines, a representative among maintenance
departments of domestic air transportation, will be regarded as the research object and the
management of line maintenance and the working process will be analyzed comprehensively in
this paper. According to the current line maintenance management condition of S Airlines, it
found that there were some problems existed in the S Airlines, including that the process of
fault treatment was ambiguous,troubleshooting or choice of working mode would be carried
out by stereotypical mode; production scheduling had an ambiguous post function that was far
away from the job site and failed to organize and arrange the line maintenance properly; tool
management only focused on whether the tools were lost or not and failed to reach the
requirement of tool maintenance and guarantee the availability of tools during the line
maintenance; the deviation of post function led to the strong sense of psychological imbalance,
the absence of performance evaluation criteria and insufficient motivation of maintenance
staffs in the management of line maintenance staffs.
Aiming at the existed problems in the Line Maintenance Department of S Airlines,
some improvement measures are proposed in this paper to ensure the regularity of flight as well
as the improvement of maintenance efficiency. As for the improvement of fault treatment
process, the maintenance staffs should strictly execute the standard troubleshooting process
determined by the time of faults generation. Meanwhile, the working procedure should be
adjusted, which reflects that the troubleshooting preparation moves forwards to ensure the
accuracy of troubleshooting program implementation and the adequacy of time. Concerning the
improvement of production scheduling, the scheduling post should be transferred to the place
adjacent to the job site firstly and then the function of scheduling post should be adjusted and
keep explicit. Personnel scheduling can coordinate the arrangements for the line maintenance.
When it conies to the improvement of tool management, 5S management mode can change the
methods of tools management, which completely solves the existed problems of tools
management department timely and efficiently. Meanwhile, it needs to strengthen the
maintenance staffs' sense of tools maintenance and identify the assessment criteria. Human
resources management of line maintenance requires that it needs to redesign the positions,cut
management layers. During the performance evaluation, the comprehensive evaluation should
be adopted so as to ensure the accuracy of results, while the talents selection will focus on the
personal abilities and qualities and the routine performances.
The author offers some proposals on the management of domestic line maintenance from
multiple views in the conclusion of this paper, which is referential to the assurance of
maintenance working quality, the establishment of maintenance talents group, the routine
operation of civil aviation enterprises and the realization of formal target.
Key Words: Air Transportation; Line Maintenance and Management; Improvement
Measures; Efficiency Promotion