产业转移,包括国际产业转移和国内产业的梯度转移。它是指产业由较高级
或较发达的国际和区域,向相对较低级或较不发达的规模性迁转的经济现象和经
济活动。

纵观世界经济发展的历史,可以看出:一些地区的企业通过承接产业转移,
迅速做大做强,进而促进了本国或本地区的经济社会发展和产业的转型升级。而
另一些地区的企业在承接产业转移过程中,不仅未能使企业本身得到加速发展,
而且对所在的国家和地区造成资源的过度开发、环境的破坏和对外经济的过渡依
赖的恶劣影响。一些企业通过承接产业转移,实现了联大攀强,迅速发生壮大成
为当地乃至国际知名企业。另一些企业则在承接产业转移过程中,由于战略上的
失误,成为别的企业的附庸,乃至消亡。

湘南地区是沿海的内地,内地的前沿,在政府的大力支持下,一些企业纷纷
承接产业转移,既使一些企业和地方经济得到了发展,又存在不少问题。A汽车
地处湘南,是湘南地区承接产业转移的典型企业。本文试图利用SWOT方法,
对A汽车承接产业转移策略进行分析,总结出其承接产业转移的主要得失和经
I
验教训,为其重回湘南地区幵展二次创业提出对策建议,为其他湘南企业科学承
接产业转移的提供借鉴和参考。

本文在对A汽车承接产业转移的策略及其主要失误进行解剖和探源时,以
国际产业转移的经典理论为基础,对国内外主流的观点进行了整理,对国际历次
较大规模产业转移进行了回顾,对当前国内外产业转移的特征进行了归纳,对日
本、德国、韩国、墨西哥等国家和我国台湾、长三角、珠三角、安徽等地企业的
案例,进行了分析归纳,找出其经验和教训。在些基础上,按照SWOT分析法,
湘南地区企业承接产业转移的优势、劣势、机遇和挑战所在进行了深入系统的分
析。认为A汽车的优势主要表现在区位和资源优势、政策优势以及企业自身拥
有的各种优势;劣势则体现在当地产业结构不合理、企业基础较弱、经济外向度
低、企业创新能力弱等方面,以及企业自身存在的问题。机遇是在国内外产业转
移步伐不断加快,汽车产业依然有着较大市场。挑战是世界FDI领域的激烈竞
争、国家区域开发战略遍地开花、东部经济拉动作用减弱、当地政府决策缺乏应
有的理性以及当地政府对承接产业转移缺乏顶层设计等问题,特别是汽车产业面
临产能过剩等突出问题。

本文通过对A汽车承接产业转移策略的失误进行分析,认为湘南企业管理
者在制订承接地承接产业转移策略时,要坚持企业总体战略先行,要从维护本地
区可持续发展的高度权衡承接产业转移的利弊,要增强自主能力提高承接产业转
移的话语权,要提高管理水平巩固承接产业转移的成果。同时,也提出了企业管
理者应当呼吁政府采取的政策和措施。

关键词:A汽车;产业承接;产业转移:SWOT分析
Abstract
In recent years, how to undertake industrial transfer has become the hot
issues,that not only Party committees and governments at all levels,but also scholars
debate.
Transfer of industries, including international industrial transfer and the
transfer of the gradient of the domestic industry, which refers to the industry by the
more senior or more developed international and regional level or to the relatively
low scale of less developed economic phenomena and economic activity. Throughout
the history of the world economy, we can see: some business in the region by
undertaking industrial transfer, change quickly bigger and stronger, thus contributing
to a national or regional economic and social development and industrial
transformation and upgrading. The other businesses in the region to undertake
industrial transfer process, not only failed to accelerate the development of the
enterprise itself to be, but also for countries and regions where over-exploitation of
resources, environmental destruction and foreign economic dependence of the
adverse impact of the transition. In this way,many enterprises grow stronger more
and more,but others get weakder more and more.
,
The south area of Hunan is the coastal area of mainland, and the edge of
mainland, in the government's strong support, some companies have undertake
industrial transfer. Even if some of the enterprises and local economic acquire
development, but have many problems. This article attempts to use SWOT method to
analyze how to undertake industrial transfer strategy for the A auto company who is
the biggest car firm in the south area of Hunan.Find its strengths,weaknesses,
opportunities and threats.By the way,provide reference for other industrial to
relocate scientific in this area,and give some advices for the Party committees and
governments at all levels.
This article is based on the theory of international industrial transfer,
summarized in the mainstream view home and abroad on the basis of the
characteristics of the current industrial transfer. From Japan, Germany, Korea,
Mexico and other countries and Taiwan of China, the Yangtze River Delta,Pearl
River Delta, An-Hui business case and so on, analysis of summarized experiences
and lessons learned. From the SWOT analysis, analyze the origin of the Xiang-Nan
。。。