分类号：学校代码：10139
U D C：学号：20210206020
Study on the coupling relationship between sustainable
livelihood and ecological livability of farmers and
herdsmen in semi-agricultural
中文摘要
随着我国脱贫攻坚战取得全面胜利，困扰农村牧区的绝对贫困和区域性整体贫
困问题基本消失，进入到相对贫困、多维贫困为主要特点的“后扶贫时代”，抓住
主要矛盾，巩固脱贫成果，实施长效式减贫成为这个阶段的主要任务。内蒙古半农
半牧区处于我国北方农牧交错带，目前人地矛盾依然比较突出，农牧民生计与生态
环境之间还未形成良好的协调关系。为此，深入研究内蒙古半农半牧区农牧民可持
续生计与生态宜居的耦合协调关系，对解决内蒙古半农半牧区乃至各地生态致贫返
贫问题，解决长期影响脱贫攻坚成果的痛点，理顺人和自然两个系统的关系均具有
一定的理论和现实意义。
本文以内蒙古半农半牧区通辽市奈曼旗为研究区域，以奈曼旗400户农牧户为
研究对象，从农牧户微观视角构建农牧民可持续生计与生态宜居评价指标体系，首
先利用熵值法和层次分析法双重赋权确定农牧民可持续生计与生态宜居各指标的
权重并测算各苏木镇农牧民可持续生计与生态宜居两系统的综合水平，后运用障碍
度模型找出影响两系统提升的障碍因素，再运用耦合协调度模型对各苏木镇两系统
协调效应进行测度，最后运用地理探测器模型计算各苏木镇农牧民可持续生计与生
态宜居耦合协调的影响因素。本文的主要研究结论如下：
（1）在农牧民可持续生计系统中，所占权重最大的是生计资本0.8729，说明
生计资本是影响农牧民可持续生计的关键因素，在农牧民可持续生计各指标中的差
异度最大，对系统综合评价的影响最大；生计结果综合权重排名第二，为0.0811；
生计策略0.0460，在农牧民可持续生计各指标中的差异度最小，对系统综合评价的
影响最小；在生态宜居系统中，占权重最大的为生态环境0.3620，说明生态环境是
影响奈曼旗生态宜居的关键因素，其在生态宜居各指标中的差异度最大，对系统综
合评价的影响最大；其次是社会认知及满意度，为0.3543；最后是人居环境0.2837，
说明该指标在生态宜居系统各指标中的差异度最小，对系统综合评价的影响最小。
（2）在综合权重的基础上，计算农牧民可持续生计与生态宜居的综合值，结
果表明，奈曼旗农牧民可持续生计与生态宜居的综合水平整体不高，且镇域差异较
明显。继续运用障碍度模型测算奈曼旗8个苏木镇农牧民可持续生计与生态宜居两
系统的障碍因素，结果表明，草场质量和家庭人均草场面积是制约奈曼旗8个苏木
镇农牧民生计水平提升的主要因素；生活污水处理和公共厕所卫生情况是制约奈曼
旗8个苏木镇生态宜居提升的主要因素。
（3）运用耦合协调度模型测算奈曼旗8个苏木镇农牧民可持续生计与生态宜
居的耦合协调指数，结果显示，奈曼旗8个苏木镇两系统的耦合协调度属于中等偏
下水平，处于中度失调到濒临失调的程度。说明奈曼旗农牧民可持续生计与生态宜
居两系统耦合协调发展的空间仍然较大。再运用地理探测器探究指标对奈曼旗农牧
民可持续生计与生态宜居的耦合协调发展的影响机制进行研究，发现奈曼旗农牧民
生计的可持续性对两系统耦合协调发展较为关键。
关键词：农牧民；可持续生计；生态宜居；耦合协调；半农半牧区
ABSTRACT
With the overall victory of China 's poverty alleviation battle,the
absolute poverty and regional overall poverty problems that plague rural and
pastoral areas have basically disappeared,and the 'post-poverty alleviation
era 'with relative poverty and multi-dimensional poverty as the main
characteristics has entered.Seizing the main contradictions,consolidating
the achievements of poverty alleviation,and implementing long-term
poverty reduction have become the main tasks at this stage.The
semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas of Inner Mongolia are located in
the agro-pastoral ecotone in northern China.At present,the contradiction
between people and land is still prominent,and there is no good
coordination relationship between the livelihood of farmers and herdsmen
and the ecological environment.Therefore,in-depth study of the coupling
and coordination relationship between sustainable livelihoods and ecological
livability of farmers and herdsmen in semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral
areas of Inner Mongolia has certain theoretical and practical significance for
solving the problem of ecological poverty in semi-agricultural and
semi-pastoral areas of Inner Mongolia and even all parts of the country,
solving the pain points that have long-term impact on the achievements of
poverty alleviation,and straightening out the relationship between the two
systems of human and nature.
This paper takes Naiman Banner,Tongliao City,Inner Mongolia as the
research area,and 400farmers and herdsmen in Naiman Banner as the
research object.From the micro perspective of farmers and herdsmen,the
evaluation index system of sustainable livelihoods and ecological livability
of farmers and herdsmen is constructed.Firstly,the entropy method and the
analytic hierarchy process are used to determine the weight of each index of
sustainable livelihoods and ecological livability of farmers and herdsmen,
and the comprehensive level of the two systems of sustainable livelihoods
and ecological livability of farmers and herdsmen in each Sumu Town is
calculated.After that,the obstacle degree model is used to find out the
obstacle factors affecting the improvement of the two systems,and then the
coupling coordination degree model is used to measure the coordination
effect of the two systems in each Sumu Town.Finally,the geographical
detector model is used to calculate the influencing factors of the coupling
and coordination of sustainable livelihoods and ecological livability of
farmers and herdsmen in Sumu Town.The main conclusions of this paper
are as follows :
(1)In the sustainable livelihood system of farmers and herdsmen,the
largest weight is livelihood capital 0.8729,indicating that livelihood capital
is the key factor affecting the sustainable livelihood of farmers and
herdsmen.The difference in the indicators of sustainable livelihoods of
farmers and herdsmen is the largest,which has the greatest impact on the