乡村振兴战略是中国经济机构调整，经济发展模式转型时期为解决“三农” 问题提出的新的重大战略决策。中国共产党第十九次代表大会报告指出，乡村振 兴战略的总目标就是要“实现农业农村现代化”，总要求是实现农业农村的“产 业兴旺、生态宜居、乡风文明、治理有效、生活富裕”。与以耕种为主的传统意 义上的农村地区有不同，内蒙古不但有广袤的耕地，更有大片的牧场，因此内蒙 古地区的乡村振兴战略要针对农牧区进行，农牧区兼有耕种和畜牧两种生产方式， 故在实现农牧区乡村振兴的路径上也有其特殊之处。《中共中央国务院关于实施乡 村振兴战略的意见》对金融支持乡村振兴战略也进行了明确地要求，要把更多金 融资源配置到农村经济社会发展的重点领域和薄弱环节，从而更好地满足乡村振 兴多样化的金融需求。政策性金融作为金融系统中重要的组成部分，因为其性质 区别于商业银行和财政直接支持，在乡村振兴战略中也有其特殊的职能，对农村 牧区经济发展具有支持、调节、引导的作用。 乡村振兴战略是更加全面，更加完备的农村发展战略，从政治、经济、文化、 社会、生态五个方面提出了新时期农村振兴的方向。其中产业兴旺和生态宜居分 别对应加强农村产业发展和完善农业农村基础设施建设两个具体目标。而这两项 内容与金融支持有着非常重要的关系。本文以案例研究法研究政策性金融支持产 业发展和支持乡村基础设施建设两个乡村振兴的传导路径，以农发行内蒙古分行 支持内蒙古农牧区乡村振兴为案例，通过金融供求关系与金融发展、金融效率和 金融排斥三个视角，研究政策性银行在支持农牧区产业发展和农牧区基础设施建 设两个路径时的融资供求关系、银行效率和金融排斥程度，得出了农发行内蒙古 分行在支持内蒙古农牧区产业发展从而实现支持乡村振兴这一传导路径时，存在 金融供给不足、效率不高、排斥严重的问题；支持基础设施建设这一传到路径时 存在需求不足、效率较高、排斥不明显的现象。立足实际，从内外部两个视角对 上述结论和存在的问题进行了剖析，针对结论和问题从多个角度提出了农发行内 蒙古分行更加有效地支持内蒙古农牧区乡村振兴战略的意见建议。 关键词：乡村振兴，政策性银行，农牧业产业，农村基础设施，路径 II Abstract Thestrategyofruralrejuvenationisanewmajorstrategicdecisiontosolvethe "agriculture,ruralareas,andfarmers"issueduringtheperiodofeconomic restructuringandthetransformationoftheeconomicdevelopmentmodelinChina.The reportofthe19thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChinapointedoutthat theoverallgoaloftheruralrevitalizationstrategyisto"realizemodernizationof agricultureandruralareas".Differentfromthetraditionalruralareasinwhichfarming isthemainmeaning,InnerMongolianotonlyhasvastarableland,butalsolargeareas ofpasture.Therefore,theruralrevitalizationstrategyinInnerMongoliashouldbe targetedatfarmingandpastoralareas.Twoproductionmethods,sotherearespecial pointsinthepathofruralrevitalizationofagriculturalandpastoralareas.The "OpinionsoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaonthe ImplementationoftheRuralRevitalizationStrategy"alsospecifiesthefinancial supportfortheruralrevitalizationstrategy.Morefinancialresourcesmustbeallocated tothekeyareasandweaklinksofruraleconomicandsocialdevelopment,soasto bettermeettheruralRevitalizediversefinancialneeds.Policyfinance,asanimportant partofthefinancialsystem,isdifferentfromcommercialbanksanddirectfinancial supportbecauseofitsnature.Italsohasitsspecialfunctionintheruralrevitalization strategy,andithasaroleofsupporting,regulatingandguidingtheeconomic developmentofruralpastoralareas. Theruralrevitalizationstrategyisamorecomprehensiveandcompleterural developmentstrategy.Itproposesthedirectionofruralrevitalizationinthenewperiod fromfiveaspects:politics,economy,culture,society,andecology.Amongthem, industrialprosperityandecologicallivabilityrespectivelycorrespondtotwospecific goalsofstrengtheningruralindustrialdevelopmentandruralinfrastructure construction.Thesetwocontentshaveaveryimportantrelationshipwithfinancial support.Inthispaper,thecasestudymethodisusedtostudythetwotransmission pathsoffinancialsupportforindustrialdevelopmentandfinancialsupportforrural infrastructureconstruction,andthecaseoftheAgriculturalDevelopmentBankof InnerMongoliaBranchsupportingruralrevitalizationinInnerMongolia'sagricultural III andpastoralareas.Fromaperspective,studythefinancingsupply-demandrelationship, bankefficiencyanddegreeoffinancialexclusionofpolicybanksinsupportingthe developmentofagriculturalandpastoralareasandthedevelopmentofinfrastructurein agriculturalandpastoralareas,andobtainedtheAgriculturalDevelopmentInner MongoliaBranchtosupportindustrialdevelopmentasInthetransmissionpath,there areproblemsofinsufficientfinancialsupply,lowefficiency,andsevereexclusion. Thereareinsufficientdemand,highefficiency,andinsignificantexclusionin supportinginfrastructureconstruction.Basedonreality,theaboveconclusionsand existingproblemswereanalyzedfrombothinternalandexternalperspectives.Based ontheconclusionsandproblems,theAgriculturalDevelopmentBankofInner MongoliaBranchproposedopinionsandsuggestionsformoreeffectivelysupporting theruralrevitalizationstrategyintheagriculturalandpastoralareasofInnerMongolia. Keywords:ruralrevitalization,Policybank,industrialprosperity,ecologicallivability, path IV 目录 第一章绪论...................................................................................................................1 1.1研究背景及研究意义.........................................................................................1 1.1.1论文研究的背景.......................................................................................1 1.1.2论文研究的意义.......................................................................................2 1.2文献综述及研究述评.........................................................................................3 1.2.1国内外研究现状.......................................................................................3 1.2.2文献总结及评述.......................................................................................5 1.3研究内容、研究方法及研究思路图示.............................................................6 1.3.1研究内容...................................................................................................6 1.3.2研究方法...................................................................................................7 1.3.3研究思路图示...........................................................................................7 1.4研究创新之处和难点问题.................................................................................8 1.4.1创新之处...................................................................................................8 1.4.2研究难点和问题.......................................................................................8 第二章概念和理论基础...............................................................................................9 2.1研究相关概念.....................................................................................................9 2.1.1政策性银行...............................................................................................9 2.1.2乡村振兴战略.........................................................................................10 2.1.3农村牧区.................................................................................................11 2.1.4金融支持乡村振兴的传导路径.............................................................13 2.2相关理论基础...................................................................................................13 2.2.1金融供求与金融发展.............................................................................13 2.2.2金融效率.................................................................................................14 2.2.3金融排斥.................................................................................................15 第三章农发行内蒙古分行支持内蒙古乡村振兴现状.............................................17 3.1内蒙古自治区基本情况...................................................................................17 3.2农发行内蒙古分行简介...................................................................................18 3.3农发行内蒙古分行支持内蒙古乡村振兴的主要路径及成效.......................18 3.3.1聚焦产业兴旺，支持农牧业产业体系建设...............