21世纪是科技的时代，是知识的时代，科学技术是第一生产力，创新是第一生产力 的第一要素，科技创新是企业乃至国家的发展引擎。在这样的背景下制造企业或是以制 造为主要业务的企业面对的竞争越来越大，生存的空间越来越小。围绕知识型员工，通 过一定的激励手段提高他们的工作效率和满意度，降低知识型员工的离职率，招募人才， 培养人才并留住人才，是制造企业提高自身竞争力的必要途径。 FZ公司是体量庞大的以制造业为主要业务的企业，其知识型员工占总员工比例较 低。FZ公司与科技创新型企业相比净利润率相差悬殊，核心竞争力相对较弱；同时， 随着同类竞争公司的技术与FZ公司的差距逐渐缩小，FZ公司的竞争优势在逐渐降低， FZ公司要想强化自身的竞争力并将竞争优势持续下去，甚至成功转向科技创新型企业， 必须对知识型员工给予足够的重视，建立一套科学的有针对性的知识型员工激励机制。 本论文以FZ公司知识型员工作为研究对象来探讨知识型员工的激励问题，首先介 绍了本论文的研究背景、目的和研究意义，简要叙述了国内外知识型员工激励的研究状 况以及本论文的架构和创新之处。其次在理论方面简述了国内外主要的激励理念和一些 知名管理学家及科研机构关于“知识型员工”激励研究代表性的成果，解释了本文对于 知识型员工的定义，并总结了知识型员工的自身的几项基本素质、特点和需求特征。然 后对FZ公司的基本状况进行了简要的描述，分析了FZ公司的员工结构和知识型员工 结构，简述了当前FZ公司知识型员工的激励措施。最后通过对FZ公司当前的激励措 施及效果进行问卷调查，对调查结果分析后总结出目前知识型员工激励中的问题，以相 关理论为基础，结合FZ公司知识型员工的具体需要，从福利、职业生涯规划、考核指 标、工作环境等方面针对性地提出FZ公司知识型员工的激励改进方案和实施激励改进 方案的保障措施。最终总结出从FZ公司知识型员工激励中得到的一些启发，并在最后 指出了本论文的不足之处和今后关于知识型员工激励的研究方向。 关键词：FZ 公司，知识员工，激励，员工需求 III ABSTRACT The 21st century is the era of science and technology, the era of knowledge, science and technology are the primary productive forces, innovation is the first element of primary productive forces, and technological innovation is the development engine of enterprises and even the country. Against this background, manufacturing companies or companies with manufacturing as their main business are facing more and more competition, and the space for survival is getting smaller and smaller. Focusing on knowledgeable employees, improving their work efficiency and satisfaction through certain incentives, reducing the turnover rate of knowledgeable employees, recruiting talents, cultivating and retaining talents are necessary ways for manufacturing companies to improve their competitiveness. FZ is a large-scale enterprise with manufacturing as its main business, and its knowledge-based employees account for a small proportion of total employees. Compared with technological innovation companies, the net profit margins of FZ companies are very different, and their core competitiveness is relatively weak. At the same time, as the gap between the technology of similar competitors and FZ companies has gradually narrowed, the competitive advantages of FZ companies have gradually decreased, and FZ companies If we want to strengthen our competitiveness and continue our competitive advantage, or even successfully turn to a technological innovation enterprise, we must pay sufficient attention to knowledge workers and establish a scientific and targeted incentive mechanism for knowledge workers. This thesis discusses the motivation of knowledge workers with FZ company's knowledge workers as the research object. Firstly, it introduces the research background, purpose and significance of this paper. It briefly describes the research status of knowledge IV workers motivation at home and abroad, and Architecture and innovation. Secondly, it briefly introduces the main motivation concepts at home and abroad and some well-known management scientists and research institutions on the representative results of "knowledge employees" motivation research, explains the definition of knowledge workers in this article, and summarizes the knowledge type. Several basic qualities, characteristics and needs of employees. Then it briefly described the basic situation of FZ Company, analyzed the employee structure and knowledge employee structure of FZ Company, and briefly described the current incentive measures of FZ Company's knowledge employees. Finally, through a questionnaire survey of FZ's current incentive measures and effects, the analysis of the survey results summarizes the current problems in the motivation of knowledge workers. Based on relevant theories, combined with the specific needs of FZ companies' knowledge workers, the benefits, Career planning, assessment indicators, working environment and other aspects are targeted to propose incentive improvement plans for FZ's knowledge-based employees and guarantee measures to implement the incentive improvement plans. Finally, summed up some inspirations from the knowledge employee motivation of FZ company, and finally pointed out the shortcomings of this thesis and future research directions on knowledge employee motivation. KEY WORDS: FZ company, Knowledge workers, Incentives, Employee needs V 目 录 摘要....................................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT......................................................................................................................III 1 绪 论...............................................................................................................................1 1.1 选题意义..................................................................................................................1 1.1.1 研究背景............................................................................................................1 1.1.2 研究目的............................................................................................................2 1.1.3 研究意义............................................................................................................2 1.2 文献综述..................................................................................................................3 1.2.1 国外研究现状....................................................................................................3 1.2.2 国内研究现状....................................................................................................5 1.3 研究思路..................................................................................................................7 1.3.1 研究内容............................................................................................................7 1.3.2 研究框架............................................................................................................9 1.4 创新之处..................................................................................................................9 2 激励理论和知识型员工激励理论................................................................................11 2.1 激励理论.................................................................................................................11 2.1.1 激励的内涵.......................................................................................................11 2.1.2 内容型激励理论...............................................................................................11 2.1.3 过程型激励理论..............................................................................................13 2.1.4 关于知识型员工的激励理论..........................................................................14 2.2 知识型员工及其特征............................................................................................15 2.2.1 知识型员工的概念..........................................................................................15 2.2.2 知识型员工的基本素质..................................................................................16 2.2.3 知识型员工的特点............................................................