伴随着知识经济时代的到来，科学技术的飞速发展为经济社会可持续发展提供了新 的动力。在高新技术企业科研成果产业化、商品化转化过程中，以产业投资企业为媒介 的产业投资成为成果转化的重要渠道。在美国、日本、欧盟等经济发达的国家或地区， 政府将高科技产业投资视为国家科技创新的重要组成部分，为国家生产总值的提升提供 了新的增长点，在我国，随着产业升级，高科技产业投资企业的持续增速发展，为国家 经济增长提供了新的助力。东北地区自新中国成立以来长期以重工业作为经济发展的基 础，随着经济社会转型，传统第一产业逐渐没落。当前东北地区仍面临着经济发展偏资 源型、传统型，科技融合度不高，产业结构亟需转型升级的困境。发展高科技产业投资 企业，对于加快高新技术研发，掌握产业转型升级的主动权，具有重要意义。在这样的 背景下，高科技产业投资公司的经营发展日益受到重视，而高科技产业投资企业的战略 管理对企业经营发展有着至关重要的作用。 本文根据企业战略管理、产业投资相关基础理论，以黑龙江省 A 高科技产业投资有 限公司为例，采用 PEST 分析法等方法从内部环境、外部环境两个角度对企业的发展环 境进行分析，发现其存在发展战略目标不明确、发展战略规划缺失等不足。运用 SWOT 方法进行分析，发现黑龙江省A高科技产业投资有限公司应采取以SO-增长型战略为主、 ST-多种经营型战略为辅的发展战略，利用黑龙江省 A 高科技产业投资有限公司的独有 优势资源以避开威胁并把握机会，进行跨越式发展。综合相关分析结果，本文规划设计 适合黑龙江省 A 高科技产业投资有限公司的发展战略及实施框架、实施路径，最后对公 司的战略实施提出保障措施。本文旨在通过对黑龙江省 A 高科技产业投资有限公司发展 战略的研究，有效的推动黑龙江省 A 高科技产业投资有限公司高速稳定发展，同时对黑 龙江省其他高科技产业投资企业发展战略的制定与提升起到借鉴作用，为其战略选择提 供参考，不断完善和修订适合高科技产业投资企业长远发展的管理道路，共同推进黑龙 江省高科技产业发展。 关键词： A 高科技产业投资有限公司；发展战略；SWOT 分析东北石油大学 MBA 学位论文 III Research on the Development Strategy of Heilongjiang A High-tech Industry Investment Limited Company. ABSTRACT With the arrival of the era of knowledge-based economy, the rapid development of science and technology has provided a new impetus for the sustainable development of economy and society. In the process of industrialization and commercialization of scientific research achievements in high-tech enterprises, industrial investment using industrial investment enterprises as the medium has become an important channel for the achievements transformation. In developed countries and regions such as the United States, Japan, and the European Union, the government regards high-tech industry investment as an important part of national science and technology innovation, and provides a new growth point for the improvement of the country's GDP. In China, with the industry upgraded and the continuous growth of high-tech industry investment enterprises, have provided new impetus to the country's economic growth. Since the foundation of P.R.C., the northeast region has been focusing on heavy industry for a long time. With the economic and social transformation, the traditional primary industry has gradually declined. Nowadays, the northeast region still faces the dilemma of economic development. Partial resource-based, traditional-type and low-tech integration are needed to be solved. Transformation and upgrading of industrial structure is urgent needed. The development of high-tech industrial investment enterprises has great significance for accelerating high-tech research and development and mastering the initiative of industrial transformation and upgrading. Under such background, the development of high-tech industry investment companies has been paid more and more attention, and the strategic management of high-tech industry investment enterprises plays a vital role in business development. This paper uses enterprise strategic management and industrial investment as basic theories, takes Heilongjiang A High-tech Industrial Investment Limited Company as an example, and uses PEST analysis method to analyze the development environment of the enterprise from internal and external environment, turns out there are deficiencies in their development strategy, such as undefined objective, missing planning, etc. By using SWOT method, it is found that Heilongjiang A High-tech Industrial Investment Limited Company should adopt SO-growth strategy mainly and ST-diversity management strategy secondly, using its unique advantages of resources to avoid threats and seize opportunities to achieve东北石油大学 MBA 学位论文 IV leapfrog development. Based on the analysis results, this paper designs the development strategy, implementation framework and path for Heilongjiang A High-tech Industrial Investment Limited Company, and finally gives suggestions for the company's strategic implementation safeguard measures. This paper aims to promote the high-speed and stable development of Heilongjiang A High-tech Industrial Investment Limited Company through the research on its development strategy, and meanwhile, serves as a reference for formulation and promotion of development strategy of other high-tech industrial investment enterprises in Heilongjiang province, also provides reference for their strategic choices. This research constantly improves the management method, making it more suitable for the long-term development of high-tech industry investment enterprises. Together, we can create a better future for the high-tech industries in Heilongjiang Province. Key Words: A High-tech Industrial Investment Company; Development Strategy; SWOT Analysis目 录 V 目 录 摘要........................................................................................................................................ II ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................. III 第 1 章 绪 论...........................................................................................................................1 1.1 选题背景...................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 研究目的和意义.......................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 研究目的........................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 研究意义........................................................................................................... 2 1.3 国内外研究述评.......................................................................................................... 2 1.3.1 国外研究综述................................................................................................... 3 1.3.2 国内研究综述................................................................................................... 4 1.3.3 国内外研究评价............................................................................................... 5 1.4 研究方法...................................................................................................................... 6 1.5 论文内容及框架.......................................................................................................... 6 本章小结.............................................................................................................................7 第 2 章 相关理论概述...............................................................................................................9 2.1 企业战略管理相关理论.............................................................................................. 9 2.1.1 企业战略管理概念和特征............................................................................... 9 2.1.2 企业战略管理流程......................................................................................... 10 2.2 企业战略管理分析工具............................................................................................ 10 2.2.1 PEST 分析 ...................................................................................................... 10 2.2.2 波特五力模型................................................................................................. 11 2.2.3 SWOT 分析..................................................................................................... 12 2.3 产业投资概述............................................................................................................ 14 2.3.1 产业投资概念和特征..................................................................................... 14 2.3.2 高科技产业概念和特征................................................................................. 14 本章小结...........................................................................................................................15 第 3 章 黑龙江省 A 高科技产业投资有限公司发展战略制定............................................16 3.1 情况简介.................................................................................................................... 16 3.2 宏观环境分析............................................................................................................ 17 3.2.1 政治环境......................................................................................................... 17 3.2.2 经济环境......................................................................................................... 18东北石油大学 MBA 学位论文 VI 3.2.3 社会环境......................................................................................................... 18 3.2.4 技术环境......................................................................................................... 19 3.3 行业环境分析............................................................................................................ 19 3.3.1 竞争者的竞争能力......................................................................................... 20 3.3.2 供应商的议价能力......................................................................................... 20 3.3.3 购买者的议价能力......................................................................................... 20 3.3.4 替代品的替代能力......................................................................................... 21 3.3.5 进入者的进入能力......................................................................................... 21 3.4 内部环境分析............................................................................................................ 21 3.4.1 业务模式......................................................................................................... 21 3.4.2 人员配置......................................................................................................... 22 3.4.3 资金来源......................................................................................................... 23 3.4.4 企业性质......................................................................................................... 23 3.4.5 主要问题......................................................................................................... 24 3.5 SWOT 分析 ............................................................................................................... 24 3.5.1 优势................................................................................................................. 25 3.5.2 劣势................................................................................................................. 25 3.5.3 机会................................................................................................................. 26 3.5.4 威胁................................................................................................................. 27 3.6 发展战略选择............................................................................................................ 29 3.6.1 战略比较......................................................................................................... 29 3.6.2 战略选择......................................................................................................... 32 本章小结...........................................................................................................................32 第 4 章 黑龙江省 A 高科技产业投资有限公司发展战略实施............................................34 4.1 战略目标..................................................................................................................... 34 4.1.1 总体目标......................................................................................................... 34 4.1.2 分类目标......................................................................................................... 35 4.2 实施框架..................................................................................................................... 37 4.2.1 产业园及其功能............................................................................................. 38 4.2.2 孵化器及其功能............................................................................................. 39 4.2.3 基金及其功能................................................................................................. 39 4.2.4 实体及其功能................................................................................................. 40 4.3 实施路径.................................................................................................................... 40 4.3.1 路径一：产业园→孵化器→创投基金→实体→产业园............................. 40 4.3.2 路径二：并购基金→实体→产业园............................................................. 41目 录 VII 4.4 实施计划.................................................................................................................... 42 4.4.1 产业园发展计划............................................................................................. 42 4.4.2 孵化器发展计划............................................................................................. 42 4.4.3 基金发展计划................................................................................................. 43 4.4.4 实体发展计划................................................................................................. 43 本章小结...........................................................................................................................43 第 5 章 黑龙江省 A 高科技产业投资有限公司发展战略保障............................................44 5.1 企业组织保障............................................................................................................ 44 5.1.1 组织管控.......................................................................................................... 44 5.1.2 人力资源.......................................................................................................... 45 5.2 企业资金保障............................................................................................................ 48 5.3 企业投资保障............................................................................................................ 48 5.4 企业文化保障............................................................................................................ 49 本章小结...........................................................................................................................50 结 论.......................................................................................................................................51