摘要
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中 文 摘要
大数据作为现代信息技术的重要发展方向之一，在引发一场思维革命的同时
改变着人们考察世界的方式方法，以前所未有的速度引起社会、经济、学术、科
研、国防、军事等领域的深刻变革。大数据之所以能够引起各行业的变革，并不
仅仅因为本身数据的庞大，最重要的是大数据所蕴含的巨大价值。目前人们对大
数据的分析处理往往局限于大数据的常规运用，大数据的价值并没有完全得到
“释放”，所以笔者认为大数据价值的完全“释放”需要对其进行孵化。本文在
收集、过滤、整理大量大数据价值孵化案例的基础上，运用文献研究法、案例研
究法、全样本分析法深入研究大数据价值孵化的共性特征，研究发现：（1）大
数据价值孵化本质上可以抽象为由孕育、萌发、膨胀和突破等四个阶段所构成的
线性过程，对大数据价值的孵化则需具备数据汇集、数据分析、常规运用、转移
运用和大数据思维等相关能力；（2）大数据价值孵化主要表现为自主创新、接
力创新、众包和创新联盟四种模式，且根据四种孵化模式对创新主体的要求归纳
出激进式选择、折衷式选择、取巧式选择和保守式选择这四种选择机制；（3）
大数据价值孵化不仅需要孵化主体具备相应的孵化能力，而且需要相应的基础设
施和支持政策的配合。本文希望通过对社会大数据的价值孵化研究，能够发现大
数据价值孵化的普适性规律，为基于大数据的创新和产业发展、创新主体的战略
决策、政府政策制定等提供参考借鉴

关键词：大数据；大数据价值；孵化模式；基础设施；支持政策ABSTRACT
iii
ABSTRACT
Big data as one of the important direction of the development of modern
information technology, triggering a revolution in thinking and changing the way
people investigating the world, with hitherto unknown speed causing profound
changes in social, economic, academic, scientific research, national defense, military
and other fields. The reason that big data has been able to cause changes in the
industry is not only the huge data itself, but also the huge value contained in the
data,as the most important reason. At present, the analysis of big data are often
confined to the routine application, however, the value of big data is not completely
released, so I believe that the complete release of big data value needs to be incubated.
Based on collecting, filtering and sorting out a large number of data value incubating
cases, this paper uses document research, case study and total sample analysis to
study the common characteristics of big data value incubation. The findings are as
follows: (1) Incubation of big data values can be abstracted as a linear process
consisting of four phases: incubation, germination, expansion and extension. The
incubation of big data value requires data collection, data analysis, routine use,
transfer and big data thinking and other related capabilities; (2) The incubation of big
data value mainly manifests four models: independent innovation, relay innovation,
crowdsourcing and innovation alliance. According to the requirements of the four
kinds of incubation model, the author has summarized four selection mechanisms
including the radical choice, compromise choice, trick selection and conservative
choice; (3) The incubation of big data values requires not only the incubator have the
appropriate incubation capacity, but also the corresponding infrastructure and
supporting policies. This paper hopes to find out the universal law of big data value
incubation and provide reference for innovation and industry development based on
big data, strategic decision of innovation subject and government policy making.
Key words: Big data，The value of big data，Incubation pattern，
Infrastructure，Support policy目 录
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目 录
独创性声明........i
关于论文使用授权的说明........i
中 文 摘要....ii
ABSTRACTiii
1.绪论....1
1.1 研究背景........1
1.2 问题的提出和研究意义........2
1.2.1 问题的提出....2
1.2.2 研究意义........2
1.3 文献综述........4
1.3.1 大数据4
1.3.2 大数据的价值6
1.3.3 社会大数据价值与实现........7
1.3.4 研究评述........8
1.4 本文的概念界定........8
1.4.1 大数据8
1.4.2 大数据的价值9
1.5 研究内容与研究方法9
1.5.1 研究内容........9
1.5.2 研究方法......11
1.6 创新点..........12
2.数据收集与案例整理..........14
2.1 数据收集与过滤......14
2.1.1 数据收集......14
2.1.2 数据过滤......14
2.2 案例整理......15
2.3 本章小结......19
3.社会大数据价值孵化的过程机制与选择模式......20
3.1 理论假设......20
3.1 孵化过程模型..........21
3.1.1 孕育..21
3.1.2 萌
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