I
摘要
“地者，政之本也”。土地问题关系国计民生，对经济、社会和政治有着深
刻的影响。通过征收农民土地来解决城市化、工业化的土地需求，是在城乡二元
结构下的土地制度安排。征地使得农民失去了经营农业土地的权利，使那些原来
依靠土地“吃饭”的农民在各种保障措施缺位和较低的征地补偿费用面前，不得
不面临生存就业问题。目前学界和政府部门关注更多的是失地农民的权益保护方
面，现有解决方案更侧重于眼前问题，缺乏动态演变思维和有效的推动策略。借
鉴国际经验和国内实践，以创业促进就业可能成为解决中国失地农民发展问题的
新思路。但创业是一项高风险活动，失地农民受制于知识、信息等限制，创业活
动有可能过于盲目，创业成功率较低。如何引导失地农民成功创业型就业，已引
起政府和学界的重视，成为亟待解决的重大课题。虽然较多学者开始关注失地农
民创业问题，但研究视角与成果大多停留在宏观层面，亟需从微观视角夯实失地
农民创业研究。

本文在相关文献分析的基础上，确定失地农民创业意向与创业行为关系研究
主题。通过实地调研对典型失地创业农民个体进行深度访谈，充分了解失地农民
从创业想法产生到创业活动实现的心理过程和行为过程，即从创业之初到现在都
经历了哪些“思想斗争”，采取了哪些行动措施以实现自己的最终目标。通过扎
根理论研究方法，对收集到的访谈资料进行编码分析，一方面探究创业失地农民
与其他失地农民在个体特质、个人资源等方面存在的差异，总结分析创业意向的
形成以及创业意向对创业行为产生的影响；另一方面发现失地农民创业行为实现
过程中受到来自征地事件的影响以及具体产生影响的四个维度，分别是：征地区
位、安置方式、补偿金额和创业政策。通过问卷调查并对样本数据进行统计分析。

研究结果表明失地农民创业意向对创业行为影响的主效应显著，并且符合渴求知
觉与可行知觉的二维度划分，征地情境对二者关系起到的调节作用：其中，征地
区位和创业政策对意向-行为关系起显著调节作用；安置方式的调节作用不明显；
而补偿金额对意向-行为存在一定的反向调节作用。失地农民创业意向研究能够
更好地了解失地农民创业行为产生的原因，考虑征地情境因素则有助于解释创业
意向与行为之间的关系。本文的研究可以为政府制定有效的公共政策提供有针对
性的政策思路和实施路径。

关键词：失地农民；征地情境；创业意向；创业行为浙江财经大学硕士学位论文
II
Abstract
Land is a fundamental of national governance.Land issues related to people's
livelihood and the country's economic and social condition and it has a profound
impact. The collection of farmers' land becoming a way to solve the land problem
during urbanization and industrialization .Land requisition made farmers lost their
right to manage the land, so that the farmers who rely on the land had to face a
problem of employment with the absence of safeguards and lower the cost of land
acquisition compensation .The land-lost farmers will become social unrest easily if we
can’t solve the problem of landless farmers' effectively. The academic and
government sectors are concerned about the rights of landless peasants protection, the
solutions is more focused on the immediate problem lack of a systematic way of
thinking and effective promotion strategy. International experience and domestic
practice tell us entrepreneurial employment is an effective means to solve the
employment of disadvantaged groups. This practice may become a new idea to solve
the Chinese land-lost farmer development problems. But entrepreneurship is a high
risk activity, landless peasants limiting personal knowledge and market information,
there will be many gaps in the law and grasp the identification of market opportunity
and other aspects, coupled with the lack of entrepreneurial experience and capital,
entrepreneurial activity may be too blind, easily missed opportunities or making
mistakes, these problems will pose serious challenges to land-lost farmers
entrepreneurial activity. Government and academia pay much attention to guide
land-lost farmers entrepreneurial .The land-lost farmers entrepreneurial become a
major issue to be solved. Although many scholars made a lot of research about
landless peasants entrepreneurship, but research perspective and results mostly stay at
the macro level.
This paper argues that the analysis must from the micro perspective. Research
themes of the Land-lost farmers entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial
behavior were identified based on literature study about entrepreneurial behavior .The
field research on typical landless entrepreneurial individuals can make full
understanding of the land-lost farmers by face-to-face depth interview. This method
can help us to know the psychological process and behavior process about
entrepreneurial idea produced and entrepreneurial activities achieved .In other words,
this method tell us the thought struggle of land-lost farmers, and the action they take
to achieved the ultimate goal. We collect information and make coding and analysis