摘 要
当前，随着能源、材料、人力等成本的上升，中国企业传统的比较
优势正在逐步丧失。在全球化背景下，企业竞争将更多的体现为管理能
力之争。因此如何提升企业的管理水平，从而提高企业的竞争力成为摆
在管理者面前一个无法回避的难题。军事化管理以其高执行力著称，一
直吸引着管理者的目光。

军事化管理源自于军事管理，是将应用于军事领域的管理思想、方
法、模式、手段以及经验等作为借鉴，应用于其他管理领域。但军队与
企业这两种社会组织在组织及管理等方面差异显著，适用于军队的军事
化管理是否适用于企业一直是管理界争论的焦点。但不可否认的是，军
事管理中的一些理念、方法对企业管理的确有可借鉴之处。

华为技术有限公司是中国高科技行业民营企业的成功典型，也是实
施军事化管理的一个典型代表。其军事化管理实践历时 20 多年，产生了
很多成功的经验，也出现了不少失败教训。在成为行业领导者的今天，
其军事化管理也面临改革。

本文对华为公司的军事化管理实践进行研究，分析了其企业管理中
的军事化特征，总结了其成功经验与失败教训，并为其当前的军事化管
理困境提出了针对性的改进措施。

关键词：管理风格，军事化管理，企业管理，华为
ABSTRACT
Today, with the rising cost of energy, materials, manpower, etc., the
traditional comparative advantage of Chinese enterprises is disappearing.
Under conditions of globalization, the competition between enterprises relies
more on management capability. Therefore, how to improve the management
level, thereby enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises becomes an
unavoidable problem ahead of the managers. Known for its high executive
performances, the military style management always attracts the eyesight of
all managers.
Coming from the military administration, the military style management
applies the ideas, method, mode, means and experience from the military
field to other management areas. But compared from the organization
features and management style，many significant differences exist between
the military and enterprises. Whether the military style management that is
applicable to the military can be used for enterprises caused a lot debates.
However, it is undeniable that some military management concepts, methods
are indeed valuable to be learned from for business management.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. is a successful private corporation of
high-tech industry in China, meanwhile, it is a typical corporation that
practices military style management. Its military style management practices,
which lasted more than 20 years, produced much successful experience
together with a lot of failures. As an industry leader now, Huawei’s military
style management is facing reform.
Research on Huawei’s military style management is carried out in this
thesis. Successful experience and lesson of failure are summed up followed
by some improvement measures targeted the current management dilemma.
KEY WORDS: management style, military style management, business
management, Huawei