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摘
要
随着竞争加剧汽车的经济性变得越来越差，车企的盈利能力也同步在降低。突如其
来的新冠疫情阻断了全球物流，常规的单点采购受阻，企业供应链风险陡增，也由供应
链风险逼迫升级为供应链安全。如何科学有效的搭建企业内部零部件采购管理机制，以
达到降低零部件采购成本、控制零部件供应风险来支撑企业高效运营，成为了当下各大
汽车主机厂面临的重大经营课题。
本文以 SC采购部为研究对象，研究和探讨了该公司面临的采购部组织架构、战略
采购、品类策略、供应商管理以及人才队伍建设等方面的问题，并对以上问题进行研究
和分析。首先，SC采购部购职能定位不清晰，缺乏策划诸如品类策略、战略采购、供应
商关系维护和供方格局调研等大采购活动，无法从公司经营的角度发挥有效的价值。其
次，缺乏供应商全生命周期管理，导致供应存在风险、供应商未能创造高附加值、供应
商日常管理消耗过多资源。采购对于品类管理尚处在初级阶段，没有进行以品类管理为
基石的战略采购活动。再次，采购部成本控制手段单一，主要是通过招投标多家比价的
方式来降价，无法有效支撑整车有竞争力的售价。最后，采购人员专业技能不足、技能
晋升通道不透明和招聘缺乏系统性的专业技能方面的考量等问题制约着采购人的职业
发展。
针对以上突出问题提出对应的方法和对策。引入了采购战略决策委员会、供应商全
生命周期管理、科尔尼战略采购模型、大宗原材料套期保值策略以及 should cost成本模
型，形成一套成熟、可实施的零部件采购管理机制。解决了 SC采购部在组织架构、战
略采购、品类策略、供应商管理以及人才队伍建设等方面的问题。在帮助 SC提升采购
部价值的同时，也为其他汽车主机厂及相似制造行业零部件采购管理提供了参考和借鉴。
关键词：采购管理，战略采购，品类策略，成本管控
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Abstract
As the competition of economy is becoming more and more is poor, the profitability of car
companies is also reduced. The sudden outbreak of COVID-19 has disrupted global logistics,
conventional single purchase channels, increased risk of enterprise supply chain, and upgraded
by supply chain risk persecution for supply chain security. How the construction of the scientific
and effective parts purchasing management mechanism, in order to reduce parts purchasing cost
and risk control parts supply to support enterprise efficient operation, became the major car
companies facing major operational issue.
Based on SC purchasing department as the research object, this paper studies the company
purchasing department organization structure, strategic sourcing, category strategy, supplier
management and the problem of talent team construction, and the study and analysis of the
above questions. First of all, SC purchasing department and purchasing functional position is
notclear, lackofplanning categorystrategy,strategic sourcing,supplierrelationship
maintenance and landscape research important procurement activities.Procurement for category
management is still at the primary stage, no category management as the cornerstone of
strategic procurement activities. Finally, the lack of professional skills, opaque promotion
channels and the lack of systematic professional skills in recruitmentrestrict the career
development of purchasers.
In view of the above outstanding problems put forward the corresponding methods and
countermeasures. The procurement strategy decision-making committee, supplier life cycle
management, Kearney strategic procurement model, bulk raw material hedging strategy and
should cost model are introduced to form a mature and feasible parts procurement management
mechanism. The problems of SC purchasing department in organizational structure, strategic
procurement, category strategy, supplier management and talent team construction were solved.
It not only helps SC to enhance the value of the purchasing department, but also provides
reference for other automobileenterprises and similar manufacturing industriesin parts
purchasing management.
Key words: Procurement management, strategic procurement, category strategy, cost
control
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