文本描述
摘要
摘要
在知识经济的新时代中,人才竞争占据企业竞争的关键位置。尤其对中小企业
来说,他们的实力不足以和大型企业比肩,难吸引和留住优秀人才。虽然大型企业
的学习平台更好,发展空间更大,声望地位更高,但是中小企业数量庞大,学习的
接洽业务更全面,升职快,灵活变通,人际环境更简单,当然抗冲击能力和抗风险
能力相对薄弱。新冠疫情中很多地区的中小企业面对市场压力不得不破产倒闭,从
而引发失业人口骤增,甚至可能影响社会稳定。企业雇主品牌形象建设不仅对大型
企业有加成作用,也是中小企业的一次转机。企业雇主品牌形象是大学应届毕业生
了解企业的一个重要指标,潜在求职者的求职偏好、意向将决定他们选择什么样的
企业。形象良好的具有个性化的企业雇主品牌形象对大学应届毕业生这样初入社会
的潜在求职者的求职影响巨大。大学应届毕业生对社会中的企业了解程度不深,主
要从企业产品,社会口碑,员工评价等方面对企业进行定位,这都是因为社会中的
信息不对称问题,所以企业的雇主品牌的形象的建设和宣传能帮助企业增强对向往
该企业产品,价值观等的潜在求职者的吸引力。因此研究企业雇主品牌对大学应届
毕业生的求职意向影响将有助于企业雇主品牌更好地建设和宣传,并能在一定程度
上对高校大学生就业问题提供帮助。
本文前期通过梳理雇主品牌,职业价值观和求职意向三方面相关文献,对雇主
品牌,职业价值观和求职意向的概念、影响因素、测量等进行筛选整理,结合人与
组织匹配理论,信号传递理论,个体需要理论进行理论研究,同时提出假设和理论
解释,最终创建了企业雇主品牌、职业价值观、大学应届毕业生的求职意向的理论
模型。本文主要讨论的是假定大学应届毕业生求职时企业雇主品牌不变,检验职业
价值观偏向不同因素时,企业雇主品牌的各维度对求职意向产生的影响差异,即大
学应届毕业生的不同职业价值观情况下理想雇主品牌的偏向。
本研究中期以线上收集问卷的方式,共回收线上调查问卷268份,其中有效问
卷共241份,有效回收率为89.93%,利用SPSS24.0和AMOS24.0软件进行相关数据
分析并检验笔者提出的研究假设。研究结果表明,(1)企业雇主品牌对求职意向
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摘要
有显著正向影响,两个维度功能性和象征性也显著影响求职意向,且象征性的影响
远超功能性;(2)职业价值观偏向在企业雇主品牌对大学应届毕业生求职意向之
间的确存在调节作用,其反向调节即削弱作用居多。在企业雇主品牌对大学应届毕
业生求职意向中偏向声望地位方面的反向调节最强。
根据研究结果,本文为企业打造自己独特的个性化雇主品牌提出一些参考建议:
首先企业应更重视企业在社会公众眼中的雇主品牌形象,尤其要注重打造属于自己
的独特的雇主品牌形象,根据自己企业的优势打造凸显自己个性化的雇主品牌形象,
并做好目标人才精准定位,尽可能满足高端人才在企业能力范围内的需求;其次企
业雇主品牌不仅需要个性化打造,还需注意日常的宣传维护工作,可以通过线上线
下的校园宣讲会来增强企业在潜在求职者眼中的形象,增强企业雇主品牌形象的普
及面;也可以通过多承担社会责任的方式,如鸿星尔克在河南暴雨中的捐赠,白象
雇佣众多残疾员工等不仅对社会做出贡献,也宣传了本企业的社会正面形象;甚至
企业领导者的为人处世,成功演讲等都能维护公众眼中本企业的正面的雇主品牌形
象。当然这都是企业外部形象的维护,企业内部形象同样要维护好,可以改善员工
工作环境,提供各种福利等。最后企业可以在入职培训中融入对本企业职业价值观
的培养,为未来员工量身制定更合理更科学的职业生涯规划,从而更好地发挥人才
优势,获取更大利益。企业自身价值观,为员工提供的福利待遇,员工之间的平等
交流等都能增强员工对企业的忠诚度向心力,减少离职意愿的产生。
关键词:雇主品牌;大学应届毕业生;求职意向;职业价值观
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Abstract
Abstract
In the new era of knowledge economy, talent competition occupies a key
position in enterprise competition. Especially for small and medium-sized enterprises,
their strength is not enough to match that of large enterprises, and it is difficult to
attract and retain excellent talents. Although large enterprises have a better learning
platform, greater development space and higher prestige, the number of small and
medium-sized enterprises is large, the business of learning is more comprehensive,
the promotion is fast, flexible, and the interpersonal environment is simpler. Of
course, the ability to resist impact and risk is relatively weak. In the COVID-19, small
and medium-sized enterprises in many areas had to go bankrupt under market
pressure, which led to a sharp increase in the number of unemployed people, and may
even affect social stability. The construction of enterprise employer brand image not
only has an additive effect on large enterprises, but also a turnaround for small and
medium-sized enterprises. Corporate employer brand image is an important indicator
for fresh college graduates to understand the enterprise. The job preference and
intention of potential job seekers will determine what kind of enterprise they choose.
A good and personalized corporate employer brand image has a great impact on the
job hunting of potential job seekers such as fresh college graduates. Fresh college
graduates do not have a deep understanding of enterprises in the society. They mainly
position enterprises from the aspects of enterprise products, social reputation and
employee evaluation. This is all due to the problem of information asymmetry in the
society. Therefore, the construction and publicity of the employer brand image of
enterprises can help enterprises enhance their attraction to potential job seekers who
yearn for the products and values of the enterprise. Therefore, the study of the impact
of enterprise employer brand on college graduates will help to better build and
publicizeenterprise employerbrand,andprovide helptocollegestudents'
employment to a certain extent.
In the early stage of this paper, by combing the relevant literature of employer
brand, professional values and job search intention, this paper screened and sorted out
the concepts, influencing factors and measurement of employer brand, professional
values and job search intention, conducted theoretical research in combination with
person organization matching theory, signal transmission theory and individual needs
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