I 摘要 天然气作为一种清洁、高效的化石能源，因充足储量及其在经济、社会效益等方 面的独特优势，已然发展成为我国现阶段乃至今后相当长时期推广利用的主要清洁能 源品种，对我国能源利用结构调整产生至关重要的影响。有研究表明，汽柴油车辆在 交通运输领域的使用直接影响了大气环境质量。因此，近年来我国广泛推广天然气在 该领域的应用，天然气加气站项目已在交通运输市场领域广泛布局，基于天然气加气 站项目建设与运营管理模式已成为重要的研究方向。 本文以西部重要资源省份S省内大型国有燃气企业SR集团经营管理的液化天然 气（LNG）加气站项目为研究对象，基于战略管理理论、项目管理理论、运营管理理 论基础，通过应用战略管理学的PEST、波特五力、SWOT分析工具，研究分析SR 集团加气站项目面临的行业外部环境及内部能力，总结SR集团加气站项目经营发展 产生问题的原因及创新研究的必要性。同时，结合笔者多年从事天然气行业工作经验， 基于SR集团加气站项目覆盖S省高速公路服务区的业务布局优势，从提升SR集团 加气站项目建设与运营管理水平及效益提升、完善高速服务区系统服务功能等角度出 发，针对SR集团加气站项目建设与运营模式进行创新研究，提出SR集团加气站项 目建设与运营创新模式，并对SR集团规划项目应用该创新模式进行效益分析。论文 主要研究内容概括如下： 1）研究天然气加气站项目面临的外部发展环境及SR集团加气站项目内部资源 与能力情况，总结提出SR集团加气站项目建设运营管理优势、劣势、机遇与挑战， 并对问题产生的有关原因进行剖析，同时将研究的必要性予以提出。SR集团加气站 项目除了内部管理不足外，更多的锁定在市场机遇把握及项目建设运营创新能力不足 方面。 2）综合考虑SR集团加气站项目位于高速公路服务区的业务布局模式，笔者研 究提出SR集团高速公路服务区加气站项目建设创新模型，主要依托加气站项目布局 建设，包含高速公路服务区加气站项目、高速公路服务区锅炉“煤改气”项目及毗邻 乡镇气化等三个项目建设单元。同时，基于此项目建设创新模型，提出了“互联网＋” 智慧燃气加气站系统运营服务管理模式，及实施创新模式的管理策略方式，以期优化 现有加气站项目建设模式，有效提升S省高速公路沿线服务区对外运营管理及服务能 西北大学硕士学位论文 II 力。 3）结合SR集团加气站项目规划安排，对SR集团规划项目应用高速公路服务区 加气站项目建设与运营模式创新模型后的经济效益、社会环境效益进行评价分析，量 化体现了笔者提出的创新模型应用的价值所在，具有明显的推广应用价值及示范意义。 关键词：天然气加气站，项目建设，运营管理，模式创新，效益分析 ABSTRACT III ABSTRACT As a clean and efficient fossil energy source, natural gas has developed into a major clean energy. Natural gas’s sufficient reserves and unique advantages in economic and social benefits promoted and utilized in China at the present stage and for a long period of time. Studies have shown that the use of gasoline and diesel vehicles in the transportation sector directly affects the quality of the atmospheric environment. Therefore, in recent years, China has widely promoted the application of natural gas in this field. Natural gas refueling stations have been widely deployed, based on the construction and operation of natural gas station projects. Management based on this has become an important research direction. This paper takes the liquefied natural gas (LNG) gas station project operated by SR Group in S province, the important resource province in the west. The research object, based on strategic management theory, project management theory, operational management theory, and application strategic management of pest、porter five force model、 SWOT analysis tools to research and analysis of the external environment and internal capabilities of the SR Group gas station project, and summarize the problems of the operation and development of the SR Group gas station project. At the same time, combined with the author's experience in the natural gas industry, based on the SR Group gas station project covering the business layout advantages of the S provincial highway service area, from the upgrading of SR Group gas station project construction and operation management level and efficiency improvement, to improve high-speed service from the perspective of the service function of the district system, the company carried out innovative research on the construction and operation model of the SR Group gas station project, proposed the SR Group gas station project construction and operation innovation model, applied the innovation model to the SR Group planning project for benefit analysis. The main research contents of the thesis are summarized as follows: 1) Study the external development environment faced by the natural gas station project and the internal resources and capabilities of the SR Group refueling station project, summarize the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and challenges of the construction and operation management of the SR Group gas station project, analyze the relevant causes of the problems and put forward the necessity of the research at the same time。In addition to internal management, more lock-in the market opportunity to grasp and the lack of 西北大学硕士学位论文 IV innovation in project construction and operation. 2) Considering the SR Group's gas station project is located in the service layout model of the expressway service area, the author studies and proposes an innovative model for the construction of the gas station of the SR Group Expressway service area, mainly relying on the gas station project, including the boiler of the expressway service area coal to gas and adjacent township gasification. At the same time, based on the innovation model of this project construction, the “Internet+” smart gas station system operation service management model was proposed，is also enhanced the external operation management and service capabilities of service areas along major highways in S Province. 3) Combining the planning and arrangement of the SR Group gas station project, the evaluation and analysis of the economic benefits and social environmental benefits of the SR Group planning project after applying the highway construction area gas station project construction and operation model innovation model, quantified the author's proposal the value of innovative model applications. Keywords: Natural gas station, Project construction, Operation management, Model innovation, Efficiency analysis 目录 V 目录 摘要 ............ I ABSTRACT ............................ III 第一章 绪论 ......................... 1 1.1 研究背景与意义 ..... 1 1.1.1 研究背景 ...... 1 1.1.2 研究意义 ...... 2 1.2 研究目的与内容 ..... 2 1.2.1 研究目的 ...... 2 1.2.2 研究内容 ...... 3 1.3 研究思路与方法 ..... 3 1.3.1 研究思路 ...... 3 1.3.2 研究方法 ...... 4 1.4 论文框架 ................. 4 1.5 创新之处 ................. 5 1.6 论文应用价值 ......... 6 第二章 理论综述 ................. 7 2.1 相关理论 ................. 7 2.1.1战略管理理论 .............................. 7 2.1.2项目管理理论 .............................. 8 2.1.3运营管理理论 .............................. 9 2.2 分析工具 ............... 10 2.2.1 PEST分析模型 .......................... 10 2.2.2波特五力模型 ............................ 10 2.2.3 SWOT分析模型 ........................ 11 2.3 相关概念 ............... 12 2.4 本章小结 ............... 12 第三章 SR集团加气站项目现状及行业环境分析 ....................... 13 3.1 SR集团加气站项目基本情况 ............ 13 3.1.1企业概况 ..... 13 3.1.2发展现状 ..... 13 西北大学硕士学位论文 VI 3.1.3发展规划 ...... 14 3.1.4 SR集团加气站项目建设与运营现状分析 .............. 14 3.2 天然气加气站项目发展情况分析 ...... 16 3.3 SR集团加气站项目内外部环境能力分析 ....................... 18 3.3.1外部环境分析 ............................. 18 3.3.2内部资源与能力分析 ................. 19 3.3.3内外部环境能力分析结论 ......... 21 3.4 存在问题原因分析 .............................. 24 3.5 SR集团加气站项目建设与运营模式创新的必要性分析 .............................. 25 3.6 本章小结 ............... 26 第四章 SR集团加气站项目建设与运营模式创新研究 ............... 27 4.1 加气站项目建设与运营模式创新思路 ............................. 27 4.2 加气站项目建设与运营模式创新模型 ............................. 27 4.2.1加气站项目建设与运营模式创新模型简述 ............ 27 4.2.2 加气站项目建设与运营模式创新内容 ................... 28 4.3 加气站项