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改革开放以来,我国不断深化经济改革,到目前为止,我国经济已经发展到 一个全新的时代,无论是第一产业、第二产业还是第三产业,发展态势一片生机 勃勃。随着金融行业的稳步发展,其逐渐成为了我国经济新的支柱型行业,其中, 商业银行作为金融行业的标志性代表,迅猛的发展势头使其悄然成为我国经济新 的增长点。在商业银行快速发展的同时,新的危机和挑战也随之而来,经济发展 不仅追求量,还要追求质,这对商业银行内部控制的有效性提出了更严苛的要求。 中国邮政储蓄银行是刚刚成立不久的国有大型商业银行,近年来,通过借鉴西方 国家商业银行和国内其他商业银行、股份制银行内部控制手段,初步形成了一套 具有自身特色的内部控制系统,但是与西方国家商业银行和国内其他商业银行、 股份制银行相比,还有很大的改善空间。因此,为了健全完善邮储银行内部控制 系统,更好地应对随时会到来的危机和挑战,对其现有的内部控制系统的有效性 进行研究分析,揭示突出问题并提出改进意见是非常有必要的。 本文将中国邮政储蓄银行JLS分行作为研究分析的对象,运用文献研究法和 案例分析法等方法。首先,通过总结国内外专家学者关于内部控制的有关研究, 充分了解内部控制的相关理论知识和研究成果。其次,从美国COSO内部控制五 方面要素出发,分析JLS分行内部控制的现实情况及突出问题。再次,针对JLS 分行存在的问题,以问题为导向,从内部控制环境、内部控制活动、内部控制监 督、内部控制评价和信息交流和反馈五方面分别提出优化设计方案。最后,总结 本文的不足之处和下一步的研究方向。通过本文的研究,可以认为内部控制系统 是一个巨大的、复杂的管理系统,建立健全内部控制系统并非是简单出台几项规 章制度就能够实现的,是需要花费较长时间的,是需要全体员工参与的,是与组 织架构、人力资源、经营发展、日常管理等都有关联的,商业银行应该构建一套 符合自身实际需要的内部控制系统。本文将内部控制理论知识和实体对象相结合, 为建立健全JLS分行内部控制系统提出具体的完善措施和方法,同时,希望可以 对其他商业银行的内部控制系统的改进和创新提供有价值的方向和思路。 关键词:内部控制;商业银行;邮储银行 II Abstract Sincethereformandopeningup,Chinahasbeendeepeningitseconomicreform. Sofar,China'seconomyhasdevelopedintoanewera.Nomattertheprimaryindustry, thesecondaryindustryorthetertiaryindustry,thedevelopmenttrendisfullofvitality. Withthesteadydevelopmentofthefinancialindustry,ithasgraduallybecomeanew pillarindustryofChina'seconomy.Amongthem,commercialbanks,asasymbolofthe financialindustry,havebecomeanewgrowthpointofChina'seconomyquietlywith therapiddevelopmentmomentum.Withtherapiddevelopmentofcommercialbanks, newcrisesandchallengesalsofollow.Economicdevelopmentnotonlypursuesquantity butalsoquality,whichputsforwardmorestringentrequirementsfortheeffectivenessof internalcontrolofcommercialbanks.ChinaPostSavingsBankisanewlyestablished largestate-ownedcommercialbank.Inrecentyears,ithasinitiallyformedasetof internalcontrolsystemwithitsowncharacteristicsbyreferringtotheinternalcontrol meansofcommercialbanksinwesterncountries,otherdomesticcommercialbanksand joint-stockbanks.However,comparedwithcommercialbanksinwesterncountries, otherdomesticcommercialbanksandjoint-stockbanks,therearestillmanyproblems Bigroomforimprovement.Therefore,inordertoimprovetheinternalcontrolsystem ofpostalsavingsbankandbetterdealwiththecrisisandchallengesthatwillcomeat anytime,itisnecessarytostudyandanalyzetheeffectivenessofitsexistinginternal controlsystem,revealoutstandingproblemsandputforwardsuggestionsfor improvement. Inthispaper,JLSbranchofPostalSavingsBankofChinaistakenastheobjectof studyandanalysis,usingthemethodsofliteratureresearchandcaseanalysis.Firstof all,throughthesummaryofdomesticandforeignexpertsandscholarsoninternal controlrelatedresearch,fullyunderstandtherelevanttheoreticalknowledgeand researchresultsofinternalcontrol.Secondly,fromthefiveelementsofCOSOinternal controlintheUnitedStates,thispaperanalyzestherealityandoutstandingproblemsof JLSbranchinternalcontrol.Thirdly,inviewoftheexistingproblemsofJLSbranchand guidedbytheproblems,theoptimizationdesignschemeisproposedfromfiveaspects: internalcontrolenvironment,internalcontrolactivities,internalcontrolsupervision, internalcontrolevaluation,informationexchangeandfeedback.Finally,itsummarizes theshortcomingsofthispaperandthenextresearchdirection.Throughtheresearchof thispaper,wecanthinkthattheinternalcontrolsystemisahugeandcomplex managementsystem.Theestablishmentandimprovementoftheinternalcontrolsystem III isnotachievedbysimplyintroducingafewrulesandregulations,butbytakingalong time,involvingallemployees,andrelatedtotheorganizationalstructure,human resources,businessdevelopment,dailymanagement,etcmercialbankThebank shouldbuildasetofinternalcontrolsysteminlinewithitsactualneeds.Thispaper combinesthetheoreticalknowledgeofinternalcontrolwiththeentityobject,puts forwardspecificmeasuresandmethodsfortheestablishmentandimprovementofJLS branch'sinternalcontrolsystem,andhopestoprovidevaluabledirectionandideasfor theimprovementandinnovationofothercommercialbanks'internalcontrolsystem. Keywords:InternalControl;CommercialBank;PostalSavingsBank 目录 摘要...............................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................II 第1章绪论.................................................................................................................1 1.1研究背景和研究意义.........................................................................................1 1.1.1研究背景..................................................................................................1 1.1.2研究意义..................................................................................................2 1.2国内外研究现状.................................................................................................2 1.3研究目标与主要思路.........................................................................................5 1.3.1研究目标..................................................................................................5 1.3.2主要思路..................................................................................................5 1.4研究方法和创新之处.........................................................................................6 1.4.1研究方法..................................................................................................6 1.4.2创新之处..................................................................................................7 第2章内部控制理论综述...........................................................................................8 2.1内部控制的概念界定.........................................................................................8 2.2内部控制理论发展历程.....................................................................................9 2.2.1内部牵制理论..........................................................................................9 2.2.2内部控制制度理论..................................................................................9 2.2.3内部控制结构理论..................................................................................9 2.2.4内部控制整体框架理论........................................................................10 2.3商业银行内部控制的概念界定.......................................................................11 2.4商业银行内部控制基本目标...........................................................................12 2.5商业银行内部控制构成要素...........................................................................12 2.5.1内部控制环境........................................................................................13 2.5.2内部控制活动........................................................................................13 2.5.3内部控制监督........................................................................................13 2.5.4内部控制评价........................................................................................13 2.5.5信息交流和反馈....................................................................................14 第3章JLS分行内部控制基本情况分析..............