现阶段，我国积极倡导互联网和经济社会融合发展、推动数据资源共享、实施国家大数 据战略，主张科技兴国、以创新驱动发展、实施技术多元化战略、推进产业转型升级。大数 据环境下信息数据的爆发式涌现、海量式增长，企业技术多元化战略对信息资源使用的广度 及深度变得更加复杂多样，动态能力作为企业在快速变化的环境中对内外部知识信息资源的 协调整合、学习吸收以及配置运用的能力显得越发重要。企业能否依据自身特定核心技术能 力，抓住大数据环境所带来的机遇，对企业技术创新及各项战略的实施具有重要意义。 本文首先回顾了大数据环境下技术多元化及创新绩效等研究成果，归纳阐释了技术多元 化、动态能力、核心技术能力、创新绩效的概念内涵及变量间的作用机理；进而采用广义最 小二乘法（GLS），利用我国上市企业2011-2017年的面板数据，分析了技术多元化广度和深 度与创新绩效的关系；进而通过对比分析，考察我国高核心技术能力企业、平均核心技术能 力企业、低核心技术能力企业的差异。研究发现，大数据环境下企业核心技术能力、技术多 元化的广度和深度与企业创新绩效均呈现倒U型关系，且动态能力均正向调节技术深度与创 新绩效的关系，但对技术广度与创新绩效关系的调节作用不显著；高核心技术能力企业，增 加技术深度对于提高企业创新绩效成效显著，而低核心技术能力企业，在利用技术广度提高 企业创新绩效方面更有效；据此提出促进企业创新绩效提升的政策建议，即把握好技术多元 化广度和深度的程度，构建大数据人才培养体系，构建社会化创新支撑体系，加大企业科研 投入并突破核心技术，加强识别环境及协调重构资源能力策略。 关键词: 技术多元化，动态能力，核心技术能力，企业创新绩效，大数据 II Abstract At this stage, China actively advocates the integration of Internet and economic and social development, promotes the sharing of data resources, and implements the national big data strategy; advocates the promotion of science and technology, the development of innovation, the implementation of technology diversification strategy, and the promotion of industrial transformation and upgrading. In the big data environment, the bursting of information data and massive growth, the enterprise technology diversification strategy becomes more complex and diverse for the use and depth of information resources. Dynamic capabilities as an internal and external knowledge information resource in a rapidly changing environment The ability to coordinate, integrate, learn, and deploy applications becomes increasingly important. Whether enterprises can seize the opportunities brought by the big data environment based on their specific core technology capabilities is of great significance to the technological innovation of enterprises and the implementation of various strategies. First of all, by summarizing and explainning the conceptual connotation of technological diversification, dynamic capability, core technology capability, innovation performance and the mechanism of action between variables, this paper reviews the research results of technological diversification and innovation performance in the context of big data. Then using the panel data of Chinese listed enterprises from 2011 to 2017, the paper analyzes the relationship between the breadth and depth of technological diversification and innovation performance and the adjusting effect of dynamic capability by using the generalized least square method (GLS). The paper also investigates the differences among high, average and low core technology competence enterprises. The study founds that no matter how high or low the core technological competence, the relationship between the breadth and depth of technological diversification and the firm innovation performance is inversely U-shaped; The dynamic ability positively adjusts the relationship between technological depth and innovation performance. However, the regulation of the relationship between technological breadth and innovation performance is not significant. For the enterprises with high core technology capability, increasing technological depth is more effective in improving the firm innovation performance, while in the enterprises with low core technology capability, the technological breadth is more effective in improving the firm innovation performance. Finally, the paper puts forward some political suggestions to promote the firm innovation performance, that is, III to grasp the strategic level of technological diversification, to construct big data's talent training system and social innovation support system, and to further strengthen and break through the core technology strategies. Key words: technological diversification, dynamic capability, core technology capability, firm innovation performance, big data IV 目录 第一章 绪论 .. 1 研究背景和意义 ............ 1 研究内容与方法 ............ 3 1.2.1 研究内容 ............. 3 1.2.2 研究方法 ............. 4 研究框架 ........................ 5 第二章 国内外研究现状分析 ..... 6 大数据理论研究现状 .... 6 2.1.1 大数据的概念 ..... 6 2.1.2 大数据的特征 ..... 8 2.1.3 大数据的发展现状 ............................ 9 技术多元化理论研究现状 ......................... 13 2.2.1 技术多元化的内涵 .......................... 13 2.2.2 技术多元化的模式划分 .................. 14 动态能力理论研究现状 ............................. 16 2.3.1 企业动态能力的内涵 ...................... 16 2.3.2 企业动态能力的维度 ...................... 17 企业创新绩效研究现状 ............................. 19 2.4.1 创新绩效的内涵 .............................. 19 2.4.2 创新绩效的衡量 .............................. 20 核心技术能力研究现状 ............................. 22 2.5.1 核心技术能力的内涵 ...................... 22 2.5.2 核心技术能力的特征 ...................... 24 研究述评 ...................... 25 第三章 模型构建与研究假设 ... 26 相关概念与维度划分 .. 26 3.1.1 技术多元化 ....... 26 3.1.2 动态能力 ........... 26 3.1.3 创新绩效 ........... 26 3.1.4 核心技术能力 ... 27 理论回顾及研究假设 .. 27 3.2.1 大数据环境下技术多元化与企业创新绩效的关系 ...... 27 3.2.2 大数据环境下核心技术能力与企业创新绩效关系 ...... 28 3.2.3 大数据环境下动态能力的调节作用 .............................. 29 理论模型构建 .............. 31 本章小结 ...................... 31 第四章 变量测度与数据来源 ... 33 变量说明 ...................... 33 4.1.1 企业创新绩效测度 .......................... 33 4.1.2 技术多元化测度 .............................. 33 4.1.3 动态能力测度 ... 34 4.1.4 综合动态能力测度 .......................... 34 4.1.5 核心技术能力测度 .......................... 36 4.1.6 企业年龄测度 ... 36 V 4.1.7 企业规模测度 ... 36 样本选择 ...................... 37 数据来源 ...................... 38 本章小结 ...................... 38 第五章 实证分析及其结论 ....... 39 实证模型构建 .............. 39 描述性统计及相关性分析 ......................... 40 模型回归与结果分析 .. 42 实证结果汇总 .............. 47 本章小结 ...................... 48 第六章 启示与展望 ................... 49 启示与建议 .................. 49 6.1.1 构建大数据人才培养体系 .............. 49 6.1.2 加大科研投入并突破核心技术....... 49 6.1.3 构建社会化创新支撑体系 .............. 50 6.1.4 把握好技术多元化战略程度 .......... 51 6.1.5 加强识别环境及协调重构资源能力 .............................. 52 贡献及展望 .................. 53 6.2.1 研究贡献 ........... 53 6.2.2 研究展望 ........... 54