改革开放以来，国民经济蓬勃发展，水泥建材工业作为国家基础设施的重要支柱产业之一， 在国家政策的支持和产业经济的推动发展下，得到了快速的发展。然而随着全球经济一体化和 国内宏观调控的影响，市场竞争越来越激烈，依靠资源和政策生存的空间越来越小，企业的发 展受到了极大的挑战。ZC公司作为一家有着50多年历史的企业，自身存在着许多历史沉淀下 来的诟病，尤其是绩效管理的制度、方法体系等过于生搬硬套，导致员工对绩效管理的认可度 不高，核心员工流失、员工工作效率低下、员工士气不高等问题，这些严重阻碍了企业的战略 转型。绩效管理作为提升企业管理和战略转型的重要工具，优化企业的绩效管理对企业降本增 效、精益管理等方面起到积极的推动作用。建立一套科学有效的绩效管理体系，帮助员工提高 绩效管理水平，提高工作成果，提升企业的运作效率，从而推动公司的战略转型发展。绩效管 理已逐渐成为战略实现的重要工具、方法，越来越受到企业的重视，对其的研究具有极其重要 的现实意义。 参阅国内外现有的绩效管理研究文献和实践经验，专门深入研究国有水泥建材企业的绩效 管理相对较少。ZC公司作为一家国有的大中型企业，随着不断的发展壮大和战略转型，绩效管 理的问题也逐渐凸显，为解决面临的问题，本文运用文献查找法、对比分析法和调查问卷法对 目前的绩效管理现状进行深入的研究分析，探究其在绩效管理存在的问题，并给出解决方案。 首先，本文在绩效管理先进理念和相关理论的基础上，采用类似PDCA循环的方式从计划-监控- 反馈-应用等方面查找ZC公司绩效管理存在的问题，再采用了问卷调查的研究方式调查和总结 ZC公司绩效管理状况的基础上，分析诊断出ZC公司绩效管理方面存在的深层次问题；其次， 在总结分析问题的基础上，运用平衡计分卡和关键绩效指标等绩效管理的相关知识，同时采用 基于战略分解、工作分析、流程分析的指标设计方法和优序对比法的权重设计方法，对公司绩 效、部门绩效、员工绩效进行设计，优化ZC公司绩效管理体系；再次，在明确了ZC公司绩效 管理整改方向后，提出了绩效管理体系设计的思路、指标设计的方法、指标权重设计、绩效实 施、绩效反馈等多个环节的优化内容。最后，为保证ZC公司绩效管理执行到位，提出了绩效管 理实施的保障措施，并提出了相关研究结论和本文研究存在的不足，可为其他国有的企业提供 一些绩效管理方面启示和新的思路，为绩效管理理论增加更多的实践经验。 关键词：绩效指标，平衡计分卡，绩效管理，绩效计划，目标管理 南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文 III ABSTRACT Since the reform and opening up, the national economy has been booming. Cement building materials industry, as one of the important pillar industries of national infrastructure, has developed rapidly with the support of national policies and the promotion of industrial economy. However, with the impact of global economic integration and domestic macro-control, market competition is becoming more and more stimulating, and there is less and less room to survive on resources and policies. ZC company as an enterprise with a history of more than 50 years, there are many historical precipitation down, especially the performance management system, method system, such as too blunt, lead to employee recognition of performance management is not high, the core staff turnover, low productivity, morale is not high, the serious influence the enterprise's strategic development. Performance management, as an important tool to improve enterprise management and strategic transformation, plays a positive role in promoting enterprises' performance management in terms of cost reduction and efficiency improvement and lean management. The establishment of a scientific and effective performance management system to help employees improve the performance management level, improve work results, improve the operation efficiency of the enterprise, so as to promote the strategic transformation and development of the company. Performance management has gradually become an important tool and method for the realization of strategy, and more and more enterprises pay attention to it, so it is of great practical significance to study it. From the existing domestic and foreign literature on performance management, there are relatively few researches on performance management of state-owned cement enterprises.ZC company as a state-owned large and medium-sized enterprises, with the development of the constantly expanding, the problem of performance management also gradually highlights, to solve the problem, this paper USES literature search method, comparative method and questionnaire method in-depth study about the present situation of the current performance management analysis, explore the problems of performance management, and gives the solution. First of all, based on the advanced performance management idea and relevant theory, on the basis of the similar way of PDCA cycle from planning - do - check - to find the problems of ZC company performance management, and the research methods adopted questionnaire survey and summary of ZC company performance management status, on the basis of analysis of diagnosis of deep-seated problems of ZC company performance management; Secondly, on the basis of analyzing the problem, using the balanced scorecard and key performance indicators ZC公司绩效管理研究 IV (KPI) such as performance management knowledge, at the same time, the index design based on strategy of decomposition method and the design method of optimal weights of sequence comparison, on corporate performance, sector performance, staff performance to carry on the design, construction of ZC company performance management system; Thirdly, after making clear the direction of performance management rectification of ZC company, the optimization contents of performance management system design, index design method, index weight design, performance implementation and performance feedback are put forward.Finally, for smoothly ZC company performance management implementation in place, put forward the safeguard measures on the implementation of performance management, and puts forward the related research conclusion and the shortage of this article research can provide some for other state-owned enterprise performance management aspect enlightenment and new ideas, to promote enterprise development by the high speed development of high quality. Keywords: Indicators of Achievement, balanced scorecard, performance management, performance plan, Management by Objective 南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文 V 目 录 第一章 绪论 ......... 1 1.1 研究背景 .. 1 1.1.1社会发展推动企业改进绩效管理，提升发展质量 ....................... 1 1.1.2出色的绩效管理体系是企业成败的关键 ........ 1 1.1.3绩效管理是ZC公司的内在需要 ..................... 2 1.2 研究目的和意义...................... 3 1.2.1研究目的............................. 3 1.2.2研究意义............................. 3 1.3 国内外研究现状分析 .............. 4 1.3.1关于绩效管理国外研究进展综述 .................... 4 1.3.2关于绩效管理国内研究进展综述 .................... 5 1.3.3国内外研究现状综述 ......... 7 1.4 本文研究方法和技术路线 ...... 7 1.4.1研究方法............................. 7 1.4.2研究技术路线 ..................... 8 1.5 本文研究内容及创新点 .......... 9 1.5.1研究内容............................. 9 1.5.2创新点 10 第二章 绩效管理理论概述 .............. 12 2.1 绩效概念 ...... 12 2.2绩效管理相关概述 ...................... 13 2.2.1 绩效管理含义 .................. 13 2.2.2 绩效管理流程 .................. 14 2.2.3 绩效管理作用 .................. 17 2.3绩效管理的工具 .......................... 18 2.3.1 目标管理 (MBO理论) ... 18 2.3.2关键绩效指标(KPI).......... 19 2.3.3平衡计分卡 (BSC) .......... 20 2.3.4 360度绩效考核 ................ 20 ZC公司绩效管理研究 VI 2.4绩效管理工具对比 ...................... 21 2.4.1 绩效管理工具的优缺点 .. 21 2.4.2 绩效管理工具的选择 ...... 22 第三章 ZC公司的绩效管理现状分析 23 3.1 ZC公司简介 . 23 3.2 ZC公司人力资源管理现状 ........ 23 3.2.1职务结构........................... 23 3.2.2工作经验........................... 24 3.2.3学历、专业结构 ............... 24 3.2.4职称、职(执)业资格 ........ 25 3.2.5性别比例结构 ................... 26 3.3 ZC公司绩效管理现状 ................ 27 3.3.1绩效计划现状 ................... 28 3.3.2绩效监控现状 ................... 28 3.3.3绩效评价现状 ................... 29 3.3.4绩效反馈现状 ................... 31 3.3.5绩效评价结果应用现状 ... 31 3.4 ZC公司绩