A公司的原材料库存管理改善研究 在当今汽车市场销量下滑的大背景下，新能源、无人驾驶、车联网、智能汽车、 智能制造等新技术的应用，传统汽车行业面临了一百多年来从来没有过多危机。如何 在快速变化的市场中，提升公司供应链的服务水平，合理控制库存水平，提高库存周 转率，从而降低企业的可变成本，提升企业现金流量，让企业能够轻装上阵，正成为 各个公司供应链管理部门面临的核心问题之一。 本论文对A公司原材料库存的现状及问题进行分析，运用生产运营管理中对于库 存管理的相关理论,通过经济统计学的方法,对库存管理的改善进行了研究。 论文的主要内容如下： 1） 阐述了当前比较主流的库存管理理论及常用的方法和模型，比如多期系统 的定量订货模型和定期订货模型；考虑总体成本的价格分界模型；安全库存； ABC及CVA分类法；指数平滑预测法等。 2） 从整体上介绍了A公司的概况、组织架构及供应链管理部门的相应的组织 职能，从公司的产品到原材料的库存特点，对A公司库存管理的现状及现存的 问题进行了细致的阐述，并在结合相关的管理理论的基础上进行了影响因素的 深入分析。 3） 结合库存管理的理论、模型和方法，在精益生产的理念的指导下，对A公 司的管理问题设计出了相应的改善方案。方案从分别从组织层面、现场管理方 面、采购模式的选择及客户需求预测等四个方面细致的给出了对应的改善策 略。 4） 对于改善措施实施的控制和保障措施，以及对已实施的措施的评价。最后， 对A公司的库存控制的改善工作的总结和展望。 关键词： 库存管理，仓储管理，需求预测，布局优化，改善 III Abstract Problem And Countermeasures Analysis Of Raw Material Inventory Management Based On Company A In today's automobile market sales decline background, the application of new energy, driverless, Internet of vehicles, intelligent cars, intelligent manufacturing and other new technologies, the traditional automobile industry has faced the critical crisis which has never been in last 100 years. How to improve the service level of the company's supply chain, reasonably control the inventory level, and improve the inventory turnover rate in the fast changing market, so as to reduce the variable cost of the enterprise, improve the cash flow of the enterprise, and enable the enterprise to put on the line lightly, has also become the core problem faced by the supply chain departments of various companies. This paper analyzes the current situation and problems of a company A's raw material inventory, studies the improvement of inventory management by using the related theory of production and operation management and the method of economic statistics. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1) This paper expounds the current mainstream inventory management theories and commonly used methods and models, such as the quantitative ordering model and the regular ordering model of the multi period system, the price dividing model considering the total inventory cost, the safety stock, the ABC and CVA classification method, the index smoothing prediction method, etc. 2) This paper introduces a company's general situation, organizational structure and the corresponding organizational functions of supply chain management department, from the company A's products to the inventory characteristics of raw materials, elaborates the current situation and existing problems of a company's inventory management, and makes in-depth analysis of the influencing factors based on the relevant management theory. 3) Combined with the theory, model and method of inventory management, under the guidance of the concept of lean production, the corresponding improvement plan for the management of company a is designed. The scheme gives the corresponding improvement strategies from four aspects: organization level, site management, selection of procurement mode and customer demand forecast. IV 4) The control and guarantee measures for the implementation of improvement measures, as well as the evaluation of the implemented measures. Finally, the summary and Prospect of the improvement of inventory control in company a are given. Keywords: Inventory management, warehouse management, forecast of demands, layout optimizing V 目 录 第1章 绪论 ...................................................................................................... 1 1.1 论文的研究背景 ...................................................................................... 1 1.2 论文的研究意义 ...................................................................................... 2 1.3 论文研究思路及结构 .............................................................................. 2 1.4 论文研究的创新点 .................................................................................. 3 第2章 理论方法综述 ...................................................................................... 4 2.1 库存及库存管理概述 ............................................................................. 4 2.1.1 库存的概述 .......................................................................................... 4 2.1.2 库存管理的概述 .................................................................................. 5 2.1.3 仓储管理的概述 .................................................................................. 5 2.2 库存管理中比较常用的方法和模型 .................................................... 8 2.2.1 多期库存系统的定量订货模型和定期订货模型 ............................. 8 2.2.2 价格分界模型 .................................................................................... 10 2.2.3 安全库存 ............................................................................................ 12 2.2.4 ABC 和CVA分类法 ........................................................................ 12 2.2.5 指数平滑预测法 ................................................................................ 14 第3章 A公司原材料库存管理现状及分析 ................................................ 16 3.1 A公司的简介 ........................................................................................... 16 3.1.1 公司概况 ............................................................................................ 16 3.1.2 公司组织架构及职能 ........................................................................ 16 3.1.3 公司产品及原材料的库存特点 ....................................................... 21 3.2 A公司库存管理现状 ............................................................................... 23 3.2.1 库存构成及分布 ................................................................................ 23 3.2.2 库存管理系统 .................................................................................... 25 VI 3.2.3 原材料库存控制的分类及方法 ....................................................... 27 3.3 A公司的库存管理问题存在的问题 ....................................................... 31 3.3.1 库存周转率低库存水平高 ............................................................... 31 3.3.2 库存管理成本高................................................................................ 32 3.3.3 呆滞库存水平高、在库时间长 ....................................................... 33 3.3.4 仓库占用率过高................................................................................ 33 3.3.5 影响库存水平的主要问题识别分析 ............................................... 34 3.4 A公司库存管理主要问题的成因分析 ................................................... 36 3.4.1 组织架构设置不合理 ....................................................................... 36 3.4.2 库存管理考核指标不完善 ............................................................... 38 3.4.3 库位管理模式单一............................................................................ 39 3.4.4 仓库布局与操作流程不合理 ........................................................... 41 3.4.5 采购模式粗放、提前期长 ............................................................... 43 3.4.6 客户需求变化大................................................................................ 45 第4章 A公司原材料库存管理改善方案设计 ........................................... 47 4.1库存管理改善方案设计思路 .................................................................. 47 4.2库