知识经济时代的到来，使得信息的价值愈加显著。互联网的普及，为知识的 传播提供了技术支持，一批虚拟知识型社区应运而生。虚拟知识型社区已成为成 员基于共同的兴趣而就某些话题进行交流，分享心得，为获取知识而聚集在一起， 并进行知识共同创造的平台。在这些社区中，存在着知识保留现象。知识保留是 指在分享知识时，个体不付出全部努力而对知识有所保留的行为，该行为不利于 社区的持久发展。心理安全作为一种积极的心理状态，对社区成员的参与行为可 以起到正向影响。关于虚拟知识型社区中知识共享的研究较为丰富，但有关知识 保留行为前因的研究较为分散缺乏归纳，也缺少心理安全变量对该行为调节作用 的研究。本文系统地探索知识保留的前因并提出抑制这种行为的方法。通过实证 分析的方法，对中国最具影响力的问答社区知乎进行探究，研究表明知识心理所 有权、知识分享自我无效能、低质量知识是影响知识保留行为的重要前因，心理 安全分别对知识心理所有权、知识分享自我无效能和知识保留之间的关系起到调 节作用。文章整合社会认知和心理所有权理论，提出激活虚拟知识型社区活力的 方法，并为社区管理者提供实用的见解。 关键词：知识保留，知识心理所有权，知识分享自我无效能，心理安全 II ABSTRACT The advent of knowledge economy era makes the value of information more significant. The wide spread of Internet provide the technical support for the exchange of information, which promote the emerging of a number of knowledge communities. Online knowledge community has become the platform for members to share experiences, gather together for searching information and co-create knowledge based on their common interests. In these communities, knowledge withholding is common. Knowledge withholding is the likelihood that an individual will give less than full effort when sharing knowledge, this behavior will do harm to the development of the comminity. Researches about knowledge sharing in virtual community is rich, while the study on the antecedents of knowledge withholding behavior in online knowledge community is quite scattered and lack a complete mechanism to integrate them, as well as the lack of research on moderation effect. This study explores the antecedents of this phenomenon and proposing ways to curb it. Through the empirical study on China’s most influential Q & A community Zhihu, result shows that knowledge psychological ownership, knowledge sharing self-inefficacy and low quality knowledge are related to knowledge withholding, while the relationship between knowledge psychological ownership, knowledge sharing self-inefficacy with knowledge withholding can be moderated by psychological safety, respectively. This study integrates the social cognitive and psychological ownership theory, providing practical insights for community managers by suggesting ways to vitalize online knowledge communities. KEY WORDS: Knowledge Withholding, Knowledge Psychological Ownership, Knowledge Sharing Self - Inefficiency, Psychological Safety 目录 摘要 ............................................................................................................... I ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... II 第1章 绪论 ......................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景................................................................................................. 1 1.2 研究目的与研究意义............................................................................. 4 1.2.1 研究目的...................................................................................... 4 1.2.2 研究意义...................................................................................... 5 1.3 研究思路及方法..................................................................................... 5 1.4 研究创新点............................................................................................. 6 1.5 研究框架与内容安排............................................................................. 7 第2章 文献综述 ................................................................................................. 9 2.1虚拟知识型社区...................................................................................... 9 2.1.1 虚拟知识型社区的概念界定...................................................... 9 2.1.2 虚拟知识型社区的研究现状...................................................... 9 2.2 知识保留............................................................................................... 11 2.2.1 知识保留的概念........................................................................ 11 2.2.2 知识保留的影响因素研究........................................................ 11 2.3 知识心理所有权................................................................................... 15 2.3.1 知识心理所有权的概念界定.................................................... 15 2.3.2 知识心理所有权的相关理论综述............................................ 15 2.4 知识分享自我无效能........................................................................... 16 2.4.1 知识分享自我无效能的概念界定............................................ 16 2.4.2 知识分享自我无效能的相关理论综述.................................... 17 2.5 信息隐私问题....................................................................................... 18 2.5.1 信息隐私问题的的概念界定.................................................... 18 2.5.2 信息隐私问题的影响综述........................................................ 18 2.6心理安全................................................................................................ 19 2.6.1 心理安全的概念界定................................................................ 19 2.6.2 心理安全的影响综述................................................................ 20 第3章 研究模型与研究假设 ........................................................................... 23 3.1 虚拟知识型社区知识保留行为影响因素模型设计........................... 23 3.2 研究假设............................................................................................... 25 3.2.1 行为因素对知识保留行为的影响............................................ 25 3.2.2 认知因素对知识保留行为的影响............................................ 25 3.2.3 环境因素对知识保留行为的影响............................................ 26 3.2.4 心理安全的调节作用................................................................ 27 第4章 实证调查设计与实施 ........................................................................... 29 4.1 研究变量的定义................................................................................... 29 4.2 研究变量的测量................................................................................... 30 4.3 问卷发放与数据收集........................................................................... 32 第5章 数据统计与分析 ................................................................................... 33 5.1 样本频数分析....................................................................................... 33 5.2 信效度分析........................................................................................... 34 5.3 假设检验............................................................................................... 36 5.3.1 模型拟合优度分析.................................................................... 36 5.3.2 路径分析.................................................................................... 36 5.3.3 调节作用分析............................................................................ 38 第6章 研究结论与展望 ................................................................................... 41 6.1 研究总结............................................................................................... 41 6.1.1结构方程模型讨论..................................................................... 41 6.1.2调节作用讨论............................................................................. 42 6.1.3结论............................................................................................. 42 6.2 管