石石蔺亩石奋奋石面亩石面三亩-面 摘要 田径运动是人类从走!跑!跳跃和投掷等劳动技能中发展起来的,是增强人 民体质的重要手段之一在过去很长的一段时间里,田径运动作为高等院校体育 教学的重要内容,曾在体育课和国家体育锻炼标准中都占很大比重,也曾在高校 中广泛开展并占有主导地位它对提高学生身体素质!增强学生体质!促进学生 的身心健康!培养学生的意志品质!丰富校园文化生活都起到了积极的作用然 而随着快乐体育!休闲体育的发展,高校强调学生的主体地位,体育选项课的选 课方式更加灵活,课程选择的主动权逐渐下放给学生由于现在大学生独生子女 居多,他们害怕之苦,追求时尚,对新兴的娱乐性项目产生极大的兴趣,而厌恶 那些技术性强!单调!枯燥的项目,因此田径课逐渐被高校体育课距之门外 根据国家近几年来对高校学生体质健康状况的调查数据分析,随着生活水平 的提高,我国高校学生的体质健康状况则呈连续下滑的趋势,其中女生的爆发力! 耐力水平及男生的力量!耐力水平下降的尤为明显,近视眼!肥胖比例则呈上升 趋势,这不仅是学生自身的问题,也是将来会影响到社会整体的问题所以要改 变学生体质健康状况下降及肥胖率提高的状况,我们必须要大力发展学生的身体 素质田径运动作为一种重要的锻炼手段,能有效地改善身体各器官系统的机能! 促进新陈代谢!全面提高力量!速度!耐力!灵敏!柔韧!协调等各项身体素质, 是各项运动的基础,能为更好地参加其他运动项目打下坚实地基础同时田径运 动还能培养人的顽强勇敢!吃苦耐劳的精神和竞争意识,而且能使参与者在锻炼 和比赛中提高心理素质,对形成健全的人格,促进我国田径运动大的发展具有重 要意义2009年期间本人在对黑龙江省13所普通高校开设田径课的情况进行, 调查中发现,正常开设田径选项课的学校只占23%,而不开设田径课或因选课人数 不足而停开的学校却占77%有85.70k的体育老师认为不应该取消公共体育田径 课;69.90k的体育教师认为田径运动的健身价值是其他项目不能取代的;有91.8y0 的体育教师认为高校应该恢复田径在高校体育中的地位;所有被调查的体育教师 乡牡丹江师范学院硕士学位报告 面面面面面面函面面画.面面画.. 都认为田径课必须进行改革,85.7%体育教师认为在大学一年级开设田径必修课 可行我们应该通过改革使田径课更加富有活力,更加具有健身性和兴趣性,适 应当前大学生健康生理和心理的发展需求,让更多的大学生喜欢田径课 本文通过文献资料法!问卷调查法!实验研究法!访谈法!数理统计和逻辑 推理法进行研究对黑龙江省田径课教学的现状进行调查,并就田径运动在提高 学生身体素质情况与其他项目进行实验研究,探究高校开展田径课程的必要性与 可行性,以期为高校田径教学的发展和高校利用田径教学进行素质教育提供理论 依据 关键词:高校;田径课;必要性;可行性; 多目录 Abstraet Abstraets:TrackandField15amanfromwalking,running,jumPingandthrowing skills,suchasdeveloPedinlabor,15animPortantmeanstoenhanceoneofthe PeoPle,5Physique.InthePastaverylongPeriodoftime,traekandfieldsportsasan imPortanteonientofPhysiealedueationeollegesanduniversitieshasworkedin physiealedueationandph0icaltrainingstandardsinbotheountriesaeeountfor!a signifieantProPortionalsowidelyca币edoutineollegesanduniversities,andholds theleadingPosition.IteliliancestudentsPhysicalfitness,enhancePhysiealfitnessof students,PromotePhysicalandmentalhealthofstudents,thequalityofstudentswill e而ehtheeulturallifeoncamPushavePlayedanaetiverole,however,haPPywiththe sPorts,leisureandsPortsdevelopment,collegestudents,themainemPhasisstatus,and sPortsoPtionsforelectivecoursesmoreflexibleaPProaeh,eutriculumehoiee initiativegraduallydelegatedtothestudents.Astheehild15nowmostlyeollege students,theyareafraidofPain,thePursuitoffashion,theemergingentertainxnent greatinierestgeneratedbytheProject,whiletheaversiontothosetecbnieallystrong, monotonous,boringitems,seleetasmallnumberoftraekandfieldlessonsas graduallybeenCollegeofPhysicalEdueationfromtheoutside. AeeordingtothePhysicalhealthofeollegestudentsinreeentyearsonthestatusofthe surveydataanalysis,withtheimProvementoflivingstandards,ourPhysiealhealthof eollegestudentswerePreseniedaeoniinuousdo丫vnwardtrend,inwhiehexPlosive girls,boysenduraneelevelandstrength,enduraneethelevelofdeeline15Partieularly evident,myOPia,obesity15rising,this15notonlythestudentstheirownProblems,but alsointhefuturewillaffeetsoeietyasawhole.50,tochangethestudent,5health statusandobesityratedownthe多ituation,wemustvigorouslydeveloPthePhysieal fitnessofstudents.AthletiesasanimPortanttrainingtool,caneffeetivelyin1Provethe funetioningofthebodyofgansystems,Promotingmetabolism,andeomPrehensively imProvestrellgth,sPeed,endurance,agility,flexibility,andeoordinationofthe Physieal,15thebasisofvarioussPorts,beabletobetterPartieiPateinotl飞ersPorts,to layasQlidfoundation.AtthesametimeathletieseancultivatePeoPle,5indomitable 111 趁牡丹江师范学院硕士学位报告 eourage,hard一workingsPiritandsenseofeomPetition,butalsoenablethePartieiPants intralningandcomPetitiontoimProvethePsyehologiealqualit又andontheformation ofsoundeharaeter,toPromotethedeveloPmentofChina,5traekandfieldgreat significance.1during2009intheHeilon自iangProvinee13CommonHighSehool traekandfieldeoursethesituation,thesurveyfoundthatthenormaloPeningofthe sehooltraekandfieldoPtionsaeeountedforonly23%ofclasses,ratherthantrackand fieldtooPenthenumberofeleetiveeoursesorforlaekofelosureschoolsaecounted for77%.With85.7%ofthephysiealeducationteachersdonotthinkweshould abolishthePublicsPortstraekandfieldeouxse;69.9%ofthePhysiealeducation teachersbelievethatthefitnessvalueofathletiescannotberePlaeedbyotheritems;a 91.8%ofthePhysiealedueationteachersbelievethatcollegeathletiesshouldbe reinstatedinthePositionineollegesPorts.AllPhysiealedueationteaeherssurveyed believethattheeurrentteachingmethodseannolongermeettheneedsofmodern students,traekandfieldlessonsmustbereformed,whilefresllllzantraekandfield oPenedthefeasibilityofcomPulsorysurveyshowsthatthePossibleP妙sical edueationteaehersaccountedfor88.7%.W七shouldrefolllltomaketraekandfield lessonsmoredynamieandmorewithafituessandinierestinnaturetoadaPtto eurrentcollegestudenisPhysiealandmenialhealthdeveloPmenineeds,50thatmore studentslikethetraekandfieldlessons. hithisPaPer,literature,questionnairesurveymethod,exPerimenialresearchmethods, inierview,mathematiealstatistiesandlogiealreasoningreseareh.1.raekandFieldin Heilon自iangProvincetoinvestigatethestatusofteaching,andtotraekandfield sPortsinimProvingthePhysiealfituessofstudenistoexPerimentwithotherreseareh ProjectstoexPloretheeollegesanduniversitiestoearryoutthenecessityand feasibilityoftr解kandfieldeourse,withaviewtothedevelopmentoftraekandfield teachingcollegeanduniversitiestousetraekandfieldteaehingtoProvidea theoreticalbasisforqualityedueation. Keywords:university;TraekandFieldCourse;Feasibility;Neeessity 1V J一目录 目录 摘要....................................................................................................................I Abstract...........................................................................................................,..11工 第1章绪论..........................,.....................................................................#1 1.1问题的提出.................................................................................#_..#1 1.2国内外研究现状.................................................................;二3 1.2.1国内研究现状.........................................................#3 1.2.2国外研究现状.............................................................,5 第2章研究对象与研究方法...................................................................7 2.1研究对象.......................................,..............,.................7 2.2研究方法.........................................................................................7 2.2.1文献资料法....................,................................................7 2.2.2专家访谈法......................,...................................#,7 2.2.3问卷调查法...................................................................,#一7 2.2.4专家访谈法!......................,.............................,.......#.#9 2.2.5数理统计法..................................................................#.#..一9 2.2.6逻辑推理法.,.,..,......-.,........,.,..............................#..9 2.2.7实验研究法..................................................................................9 第3章研究结果与分析...................................................#10 3.1高校公共体育开设田径必修课的必要性分析.........................................