摘要摘要
小微企业是改革开放的成果与产物，小微企业在国民经济的发展过程中
起到了重要作用，为国家增加了税收，提供了很多就业和创业的岗位，维护
了经济和社会的稳定，推动了技术创新，增强了市场经济的发展潜力和市场
产品的更替，众多的小微企业在发展过程中，逐渐的壮大成长起来，在产品
自主研发、工艺优化以及市场营销等方面都进行了不少的创新与发展，小微
企业已经成为不可忽视的的经济发展力量，由于小微企业成立时间短，企业
规模较小，经济基础较为薄弱，还没有较强的抵御市场风险的能力，在融资
方面更是困难重重，小微企业壮大与发展也要解决融资问题。市场经济驱使
下大型商业银行往往重视为大中型企业提供融资服务，不注重对中小型企业
进行信贷的投放和支持，小微企业无法从大型商业银行获得更多的信贷资
金，造成贷款难。为此，一些地方性的商业银行一方面出于自身经营发展需
要，另一方面为推动地方经济发展，积极开办了小微企业信贷业务，为小微
企业提供信贷服务。在经济效益上得到了发展，获得了良好的社会效益，为
支持地方经济建设上做出了贡献。但是，在小微企业信贷管理上也出现了不
少问题，如：小微企业贷款出现逾期、贷款用途不符、借款人信用低、小微
企业信贷贷前调查服务不够详细，贷款审批服务上有待完善以及贷后跟踪服
务缺失等等，都在很大程度上影响着商业银行小微企业信贷服务质量的提
升，造成商业银行小微企业信贷管理问题的出现，使商业银行的小微企业信
贷管理风险、信用风险等不断的加大，严重影响着商业银行信贷资产质量与
服务质量的提升。商业银行如何在优化小微企业信贷服务中有效应对小微企
业信贷风险，不断的对小微企业信贷服务进行优化和完善已经成为当务之
急

本文选取 H 商业银行为研究对象，采用案例分析法、比较分析法、文献
分析法与定性分析法等方法，对国内外有关商业银行小微企业信贷服务的文H 商业银行小微企业信贷服务优化策略研究献资料进行梳理和研读，并对研究涉及的有关理论进行简要的阐述；在此基
础上，以 H 商业银行小微信贷服务为研究对象，进行分析，从中发现制约商
业银行小微企业信贷优化的问题；同时对 H 商业银行小微企业信贷风险加以
分析；并结合有关文献资料及所学专业理论提出相应的优化策略，即：建立
健全小微企业信贷风险保障机制，加强小微企业信贷业务的贷前调查，贷款
过程中加强对小微企业贷款审查，完善小微企业信贷贷后管理 ；银行实行
差异化管理，提高服务效率，提高小微企业信贷服务水平，完善对小微企业
的信贷服务，开办小微企业融资超市、微小贷，增加小微企业票据融资等等，
为解决小微企业融资难、贷款难的问题提供帮助，为 H 商业银行小微企业信
贷服务优化提供策略，为小微企业能够有效的解决好融资难的问题提供帮
助，为在今后对商业银行小微企业信贷服务优化方面的研究提供一些参考做
出贡献

关键词：小微企业； 小微企业信贷； 服务优化AbstractAbstract
Small micro-enterprise is reform of results and product, small
micro-enterprise in economy of development process in the up to has important
role, for national increased has tax, provides has many employment and venture of
post, maintenance has economic and social of stable, promoted has technology
innovation, enhanced has market of development potential and market products of
replacement, many of small micro-enterprise in development process in the,
gradually of grow growth up, in products independent development, and process
optimization and market marketing, aspects are for has many of innovation and
development, Small and micro enterprises have become a force to be reckoned the
economic development, due to small and micro businesses set up time is shorter,
smaller enterprises, economic foundation is weak, there is no strong ability to
withstand market risks, and more difficulty in financing, small business growth
and development to solve the problem of financing. Often takes the market
economy driven by commercial banks provide financing services for large and
medium sized enterprises, ignored credit support to small and medium enterprises
and management, small and micro enterprise loans problem is particularly serious.
Meanwhile, many local commercial bank credit business start-up financing for
small and micro businesses, economic development has been obtained good social
benefits, make a contribution to support local economic construction. But, in small
micro-enterprise credit management Shang also appeared has many problem, as:
small micro-enterprise loan appeared late, and loan uses inconsistent, and
borrowing people credit low, and small micro-enterprise credit loan Qian survey
service enough detailed, loan approval service Shang to be perfect and loan Hou
track missing and so on, are in is big degree Shang effect with commercial banks
small micro-enterprise credit service quality of upgrade, caused commercial banks
small micro-enterprise credit management problem of appeared, makes
commercial banks of small micro-enterprise credit management risk, and credit
risk, constantly of increased, Seriously affects the quality of credit assets of
commercial banks and improvement of quality of service. Commercial Bank howResearch on Optimization Strategies of Small and Micro Enterprise credit service of the H Commercial Bankto effect in the optimization of small and micro enterprise credit services for small
and micro enterprise credit risk continued credit services for small and micro
enterprises for optimization and improvement has become a top priority.
Paper selected h commercial banks for research object, used case analysis
method, and compared analysis method, and literature analysis method and
qualitative analysis method, method, on small micro-enterprise get credit support
of theory for briefly recalled, integrated abroad about small micro-enterprise credit
support of literature information, through on h commercial banks on small
micro-enterprise credit management status for analysis, from found restricted
commercial banks small micro-enterprise credit optimization of problem; while on
h commercial banks small micro-enterprise credit risk be analysis; And combined
about literature information and the by learn professional theory proposed
corresponding of optimization strategy, that: established sound small
micro-enterprise credit risk guarantees mechanism, strengthening small
micro-enterprise credit business of loan Qian survey, loan process in the
strengthening on small micro-enterprise loan review, perfect small
micro-enterprise credit loan Hou Management; Bank implemented differences of
management, improve service efficiency, improve small micro-enterprise credit
service level, reasonable determine small micro-enterprise loan term, active
innovation small micro-enterprise credit service mode, opened small
micro-enterprise financing supermarket, and tiny loan, Increase small business Bill
financing and so on, to solve the financing problems of small and micro
enterprises, loans provide help, h small micro-enterprise credit service of
commercial bank.
Keywords: Small and Micro Enterprises; Credit; Service Optimization目录目录
1 绪论.........1
1.1 研究背景和意义.......1
1.1.1 研究背景1
1.1.2 研究意义2
1.2 国内外研究现状.......3
1.2.1 国外研究现状.....3
1.2.2 国内研究现状....4
1.3 研究思路和方法........5
1.3.1 研究思路5
1.3.2 研究方法6
1.4 创新与不足之处.......6
1.4.1 创新之处6
1.4.2 不足之处6
2 相关理论基础.... 7
2.1 小微企业概念及信贷特点...7
2.1.1 小微企业界定....7
2.1.2 小微企业信贷业务特点..
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