摘要
近年来，我国核电产业得到了长远的发展，截止到 2016 年 8 月 25 日，中国在运核
电机组 35 台，约占全球在运台数 6%，总装机容量为 33.39GWe, 在建机组 20 台，约占
全球在建台数 35%，总装机容量为 22.93GWe。世界范围内也在大力发展核电，目前据
估计约有 45 个新兴国家打算新建核电站，到 2030 年世界核电站装机容量将提高到
456GWe 至 740GWe，投资额将达 2000 亿美元。而每一台核电机组出口直接带动的产值
大概在 300 亿人民币左右，如果再考虑到全寿命周期中的天然铀、核燃料、运维、退役
各环节的费用，单台机组直接带动约 1000 亿元，经济价值巨大，因此我国大力推动核
电“走出去”。
在此背景下研究中国核电产业国际竞争力具有很大的理论和实践意义。本文共分为
五个部分，第一部分主要阐述了产业国际竞争力相关理论；第二部分主要是对俄罗斯、
韩国、日本、中国、美国、法国等几个主要大国的核电产业发展现状进行了综合描述；
第三部分主要是运用波特“钻石模型”对中国核电产业的生产要素，需求条件，相关和
支持产业，企业战略，结构和同业竞争，政府与机会等因素进行系统分析；第四部分构
建了核电产业国际竞争力指数评价体系，通过贸易竞争力（TC）指数、国际市场占有
率（IMC）指数、显示性比较优势（RCA）指数、显示性竞争比较优势（CA）指数等
四个指数对六个核电大国的国际竞争力进行定量的分析；第五部分，通过政府和企业两
个层面给中国核电产业国际竞争力的提升给出建议。
本文的创新主要体现在：首先在本文中将波特“钻石模型”应用到对中国核电产业
国际竞争力研究上，通过对核电产业各要素进行定性分析，明确了中国核电产业在各生
产要素方面的优劣势；其次通过 TC、IMC、RCA 和 CA 等指数对主要核电大国的国际
竞争力进行了定量分析，明确了我国在国际核电产业竞争中所处的位置；最后为中国核
电产业的国际竞争力的提升给出建议，通过政府和企业两方面着手，互相配合，协同作
用，共同提升中国核电产业国际竞争力。
关键词：核电产业；国际竞争力；钻石模型；竞争力指数华北电力大学硕士学位论文
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Abstract
In recent years, China&39;s nuclear power industry has undertaken fast development. As to
August 25, 2016, China&39;s nuclear power units in operation reach to 37 units, accounting for
about 8% of the global operating units. China’s total nuclear power installed capacity is
33.39GWe with 20 units under construction, accounting for about 33% of the global
constructing units. In a global view, currently at least 45 emerging countries are considering
developing nuclear power. Under conservative scenario, the global nuclear power installed
capacity will increase from current 392GWe to 456GWe to 740GWe by 2030 and the
investment will reach to 200 billion US dollars. In China, exporting one nuclear power unit
will generate about 300 billion yuan income. If taking into account the natural uranium,
nuclear fuel, operation and maintenance, decommissioning and other relevant factors in the
whole lifespan, exporting a single nuclear power unit will bring in about 100 billion yuan
income. This is the direct reason why China is so vigorously promoting Chinese nuclear
power industry "going global".
In this context, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the
international competitiveness of Chinese nuclear power industry. This paper can be divided
into five parts. The first part describes the theory of international competitiveness. The
second part gives a comprehensive description of the nuclear power industry in Russia, Japan,
the United States, South Korea, France and China. The third part mainly analyzes the factor
conditions, demand conditions, related and supporting industries, firm strategy, structure and
rivalry, government and chance of Chinese nuclear power industry systematically by using
Porter&39;s "diamond model". The fourth part quantitatively analyzes nuclear power industry
international competitiveness through trade competitiveness (RC) index, international market
share (IMC) index，revealed comparative advantage(RCA) index and competitive advantage
(CA) index. The fifth part gives suggestions to enhance the international competitiveness of
Chinese nuclear power industry through government and enterprise aspects.
The innovation of this paper is mainly reflected in: Firstly, Porter&39;s "Diamond Model"
was applied in the study of international competitiveness of Chinese nuclear power. Through
qualitative analysis of the factors of Chinese nuclear industry, the strength and weakness of
the factors were clarified. Secondly, Aquantitatively analysis of international competitiveness华北电力大学硕士学位论文
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of nuclear industry was made through the RC, IMC, RAC and CA index. Thus the ranking of
Chinese nuclear power industry competitiveness in the international marked is illustrated.
Lastly, suggestions were made to promote the international competitiveness of Chinese
nuclear industry. Through the concerted efforts of the government and enterprises, the
improvement of international competitiveness of Chinese nuclear industry can be achieved.
Keywords: nuclear industry; international competitiveness; diamond model; competitiveness
index华北电力大学硕士学位论文
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目 录
摘要........................................................................................................................I
Abstract .........................................................................................................................II
目 录...........................................................................................................................IV
第 1 章 绪 论...............................................................................................................1
1.1 研究背景及意义.................................................................................................1
1.1.1 研究背景......................................................................................................1
1.1.2 研究意义.....................................................................................................2
1.2 国内外相关研究综述.........................................................................................2
1.2.1 产业国际竞争力研究的起源与现状.........................................................2
1.2.2 核电产业国际竞争力研究现状.................................................................4
1.3 研究内容和方法.................................................................................................4
1.3.1 研究内容.....................................................................................................4
1.3.2 研究方法.....................................................................................................4
1.4 本章小结............................................................................................................5
第 2 章 产业国际竞争力相关理论.............................................................................6
2.1 产业国际竞争力相关理论简述........................................................................6
2.1.1 传统国际贸易理论.....................................................................................6
2.1.2 国际贸易新理论.........................................................................................7
2.2 产业国际竞争力指数评价体系........................................................................8
2.2.1 贸易竞争力指数...........................................................................