摘 要
自 2004 年以来，中央已经连续九年下发了九个“一号文件”，出台了一系列有
效的兴农惠农的农业政策。在 2013 年年初，关注农业的第十个“一号文件”——《中
共中央国务院关于加快发展现代农业，进一步增强农村发展活力的若干意见》正
式出台。“一号文件”提出了，加大农村改革力度、政策扶持力度、科技驱动力度，
围绕现代农业建设，构建新型农业经营体系。“一号文件”明确指出了要培育壮大
龙头企业，增强扶持农业产业化资金，并且支持龙头企业建设原料基地和培育品
牌。2012 年的“一号文件”明确指出了，科技发展是使基础农业能够得到持续发展
的根本力量。文件还指出，政府会对企业的技术研发给予大力支持，引导企业关
注自身的创新能力，鼓励企业参与或者承担国家的各类科研项目。发展现代农业
关键是技术创新，从历史我们可以知道推动技术创新的不是发明家而是企业家，
同时，企业也是现代农业主要的经营主体。所以，农业要实现持续发展，关键点
就是要让农业企业关注技术创新，增强其创新能力。而农业企业在技术创新时，
应该选择什么样的创新模式，就是一个不得不解决的问题。
首先，文章介绍了农业产业化企业的相关概念和技术创新模式的概念和类型，
分析了当前企业技术创新的几种典型模式的优缺点和其适用范围；归纳美国、日
本技术创新模式的特点，总结其带给我国企业发展带来的启示。其次，以技术创
新模式的几种类型为基础，结合湖南省铁香茶叶有限公司的实际情况进行分析，
提出了适合该公司的技术创新模式。最后，文章指出湖南省铁香茶叶有限公司在
确定好技术创新模式后，应该多关注国家的政策导向，健全激励制度，培养技术
人才，这样才能使企业无所畏惧地面对激烈的市场竞争。
关键词：农业企业；技术创新；模式
Abstract
Since 2004, central government has issued nine Central File No. 1 to implement
pro-agriculture policy. At the beginning of 2013, the tenth Central File No.1, “Opinions
of State Council on Accelerating the development of modern agriculture, and further enhance
the vitality of rural development”, came out. The File states that we should intensify rural
reforms, provide good policy and technology-driven platform for construction of modern
agriculture and new agricultural management system. Moreover, the File points out that we
should build leading enterprises, increase the funds for industrialization of agriculture,
and support these leading enterprises to establish their raw material bases and build
their brands.Central File No. 1 of 2012 clearly pointed out that the development of science and
technology are the fundamental forces for sustainable development of agriculture. The File of 2012
also presented that the government would give strong support for enterprise technology
research and development, guide enterprises to focus on their ability of innovation, and encourage
enterprises to participate in or undertake various national research projects. The key for the
development of modern agriculture is technology innovation. History tells us that the
main body of technology innovation is not the inventor, but entrepreneurs. Meanwhile, and
the agricultural enterprise is the uppermost business entity of modern agricultural.
Therefore, the improvement of technological innovation ability of agricultural
enterprises is the key to maintain the steady development of agriculture. However, the
inevitable problem for technology innovation of agriculture enterprises is the selection
of modes of innovation.
First of all, this paper introduces the related concepts of agriculture
industrialization enterprise and the concept and type of technological innovation mode,
studies several typical kinds of current enterprise technology innovation and analyzes
basic characteristics and advantages, disadvantages; Summing up the characteristic of
America and Japanese technology innovation mode, and summarizes its enlightenment
to our country enterprise development. Second, several types of technological
innovation mode based on the actual situation of the combined iron incense, Hunan
Tea Co., Ltd., the think Iron fragrant tea technology innovation mode should be taken
in the market and technology jointly promote independent innovation plus innovation
cooperation mode. Finally, the paper points out that the iron fragrant tea in select
technology innovation to achieve technological innovation must adhere to the market
and technology driven dynamic mechanism, concerned about national policy guidance,
to establish a sound and effective incentive mechanism.
Key Words: agricultural enterprises; technological innovation; mode