中文摘要
随着城市化的发展，以供水和污水处理为代表的中国城市水务将在20年后
成为全球最大的水业市场。目前，中国水业每年投资需求达600-700亿元，仅靠
原有的各级政府为单一主体的投资支撑，已经不堪重负。总体上，水务行业面临
着资金缺乏、效率不高等问题。本文通过对漳州水务市场化运作的研究，试图以
点带面，提供解决以上困扰水务行业发展的方法和措施。

本文从水务行业的经济特性、市场环境着手，在城市化和市场化大背景下提
出水务市场化的必要性，即利用市场机制对水务行业的资源配置发挥基础作用，
主要包括：推进运营主体企业化，投资主体多元化，价格形成市场化和市场监管
法制化。在兼顾社会效益的同时注重经济效益，形成投资回报良性循环，经营规
模化，服务标准化，．推进厂网分离、管作分离、主辅分离、延伸公用服务产业链
的一种经营体制。

本文的实证分析立足漳州市区，以福建闽南(漳州)经济发展股份有限公司
(简称漳州发展)所属的水务公司市场化管理运作为研究对象，以财务分析为工
具，结合对微观企业的管理分析，揭示漳州发展水务公司面临的机遇与挑战，对
漳州市水务市场化管理作了较为详细的研究，为漳州发展水务公司做大做强提供
了一幅具有前瞻性的蓝图。值得一提的是，水务市场化的研究目前在国内还处于
探索阶段。

关键词：水务市场化管理机制水价
ABSTRACT
With the development of urbanization，in 20 years China will become the biggest
market of the water industry that supplies clean water and deals with sewage disposal
in the world．According to the need，the state investment in the water industry shall
reach tO￥600，000，000，000 or￥700，000，000，000 per year．It is impossible to depend
on the govemment as the sole investor．In general，the industry has many problems，
such as insufficient funds and inefficiency．The paper tries to focus on the market
operation of the Water industry in Zhangzhou to provide the practicable resolutions of
the problems ofthe industry．
The paper analyzes the economic characteristics and market environment of the
industry and presents the necessity of the market operation of the water industry on
the base of the urbanization，industrialization and market operationthat ixleans the
market mechanism plays a very import role in the resource distribution of the water
industry．The following are suggestions provided：pushing the operating factories
running鹋the real enterprises；having the support of the different investors；the
decision of the price by the market；the institutionalization of the market supervision．
When we emphasize the social and economic benefits，we try to build a managing
system of the extension of the chain of the public service，which concerns of sound
cycle of investment profit；a large scale of management；the standardization of the
service；separation of distribation and operation of tubes；separation of the main and
inferior industry；separation offactories and the net oftubes．
The paper,on the base ofthe financial analysis and the management analysis ofthe
concrete enterprise，focuses on the detailed research of the market operation of the
water induslay in Zhangzhou and draws up a blueprint of bigger and stronger ZZDC．
Especially,at present such research is still on the probing stage in China．
KEY WORDS： water industry，market operation，managing mechanism，price
of water