虽然锦州港发展已取得了一定成绩,吞吐量也持续增长,但其在竞争中存
在的危机和不足不容忽视。与锦州港存在腹地重合、货源竞争的港口有葫芦岛
港和营口港。另外,大连港与锦州港也存在竞争关系,而且相比而言,大连港
处于明显优势地位。要在竞争中处于领先地位就必须提高港口的核心竞争力,
而软实力在港口核心竞争力中处于核心地位,它所产生的影响是硬实力无法达
到的。纵观世界,国际上各著名港口的软实力都存在明显优势,而且作为我国
大港一一上海港的软实力在国内也处于领先地位。但是,重硬轻软,先硬后软,
软硬失调是我国大部分港口普遍存在的问题,锦州港也不例外。在港口功能、
港口环境、政策支持、信息化水平、人力资源等方面,锦州的软实力都有不足,
这阻碍着锦州港成为东北地区大港,不利于锦州港的快速发展。
本文正是基于以上考虑,从港口软实力角度对锦州港的建设提出了建议。
本文首先阐述了软实力和港口软实力的基础理论,通过对基础理论的介绍明确
了港口软实力的概念和重要性。其次,通过对锦州港软实力现状的分析发现了
存在的不足,然后建立了针对锦州港的港口软实力的评价指标体系,含4个一
级指标和22个二级指标。最后针对性地提出了改善和提高的建议。
关键词:锦州港;港口软实力;评价指标体系;提升策略
ABSTRACT
After 20 years of construction, Jinzhou port has developed from local small port
into a regional important port of northeast coast. Jinzhou has become an important
transit base of oil, grain, coal, loose ore and container in north China, and China's
largest domestic trade bulk grain transshipment port. Every year, the transshipment
quantity of grain and coal has already more than 10 million tons and 25 million tons.
Although Jinzhou port has obtained certain development and port throughput has
sustained growing, the crisis and insufficiency existing in competition are not allowed
to be ignored. Huludao port and Yingkow port has coincident hinterland and cargo
resource competition with Jinzhou port. In addition,Dalian port and Jinzhou port also
have a competitive relationship, and in contrast, Dalian port is in obvious advantage. To
take the leading position in the competition, ports must improve the core
competitiveness, and port soft power occupies a key position in the core
competitiveness,hard power cannot achieve its effect. Throughout the world,
international famous ports all have obvious advantages on the soft power, and in China,
Shanghai port's soft power is also in the lead. But, the problem that paying more
attention to hard power while ignoring soft power commonly exists in most ports of
China, Jinzhou port is not an exception. Jinzhou port has advantages in function of port,
port environment, policy support, informatization level and human resources, etc. The
shortage impedes Jinzhou port to be an important northeast port and it goes against the
rapid development.
Based on the above consideration, this paper puts forward some suggestions on
Jinzhou port construction from a view of port soft power. First, this paper expounds the
basic theory of soft power and port soft power, and made the concept and importance of
port soft power clear. Secondly, it discovers the existing shortage according to analysis
the present situation of Jinzhou port soft power, then puts forward Suggestions to
improve. Finally, it establishes evaluation index system of port soft power for Jinzhou
port, including four one class index and 22 secondary index.
Key Words: Jinzhou port; Port soft power; Improvement suggestions; Evaluation
index system
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