社会网络如何影响农村居民非农收入
——基于就业身份视角
重庆大学硕士学位论文
（学术学位）
学生姓名：邱欣
指导教师：蒲艳萍
学科门类：经济学
学科名称：产业经济学
研究方向：产业经济学
答辩委员会主席：王兰
授位时间：2023年6月
How Social Networks Affect Non-farm
Income --Based on the Employment Identity
Perspective
A thesis submitted to Chongqing University
in partial fulfillment of the requirement
for the degree of
Master of Science
in
Industrial Economics
by
Qiu Xin
Supervisor:Pu Yanping
June ,2023
重庆大学硕士学位论文摘要非农收入对农村居民增收发挥着越来越重要的作用，现有研究主要考察经济
金融发展水平、产业结构等外部因素和人力资本、社会资本等内部因素对农村居
民非农收入的影响。中国是典型的人情社会，在传统关系型社会中，通过人情往
来形成的社会网络对农村居民非农收入具有促进作用。农村居民主要通过从事自
雇和受雇两种就业身份从事非农就业活动，获取非农收入，那么社会网络对不同
就业身份的农村居民非农收入的影响及其作用机制是否存在差异？鉴于此，本文
以就业身份为切入视角，讨论社会网络对农村居民非农收入的影响及其作用机制。
本文在对社会资本理论、劳动力迁移理论和收入分配理论进行回顾，对国内外
社会网络、非农收入以及二者关系的研究文献进行梳理与述评的基础上，首先借助
宏观统计数据和微观调查数据，分析中国整体及不同就业身份农村居民的社会网络
的现状特征，中国农村居民非农收入的变动趋势及其结构变动特征；其次，借助中
国家庭追踪调查（CFPS）数据，从微观视角就社会网络对农村居民非农收入、社会
网络对自雇和受雇两种就业身份的农村居民非农收入影响的差异进行实证分析和稳
健性检验；再次，采用中介效应模型，就社会网络对自雇和受雇农村居民非农收入
的影响机制进行实证检验；最后，就社会网络对不同年龄、不同性别、不同区域的
农村居民非农收入的影响进行异质性分析。本研究得出如下基本结论：
第一，社会网络能显著提高农村居民非农收入水平，对自雇农村居民非农收
入的促进作用强于受雇居民，经过对关键变量进行缩尾处理、替换社会网络指标、
工具变量法进行稳健性检验后，该结论仍然可靠。
第二，社会网络可以通过增加关系型融资和促进信息传递两种渠道促进自雇
农村居民非农收入增加，其中，信息传递渠道起主导作用。
第三，社会网络可以通过提供求职帮助和提升职业地位两种渠道促进受雇农
村居民非农收入增加，职业地位的作用稍强于求职帮助。
第四，社会网络对自雇和受雇农村居民非农收入的影响呈现出年龄、性别、
区域的异质性特征。
本文提出如下对策建议：重视人际交往，尊重乡间礼俗；正确引导随礼行为，
规范人情资源的作用空间；拓宽融资渠道，为自雇者提供更充足的资金支持；提
供劳动力供求信息，提高受雇者职位匹配效率；加大教育与健康投入，提升人力
资本。
关键词：社会网络；农村居民；非农收入；就业身份
I
重庆大学硕士学位论文Abstract
Abstract
Non-agricultural income plays an increasingly important role in increasing rural
residents'income.The existing research mainly examines the impact of external factors
such as economic and financial development level,industrial structure,and internal
factors such as human capital and social capital on rural residents'non-agricultural
income.China is a typical human society.In the traditional relation-based society,the
social network formed through human exchanges has a promoting effect on the
non-agricultural income of rural residents.Rural residents mainly engage in
non-agricultural employment activities through self-employment and employment,and
obtain non-agricultural income.Is there any difference in the impact of social network
on non-agricultural income of rural residents with different employment status and its
mechanism?In view of this,this paper discusses the impact of social network on rural
residents'non-agricultural income and its mechanism from the perspective of
employment status.
On the basis of reviewing the social capital theory,labor migration theory and income
distribution theory,combing and commenting on the research literature of social
networks,non-agricultural income and their relationship at home and abroad,this paper
first analyzes the current characteristics of the social networks of rural residents with
different employment status in China as a whole with the help of macro statistical data
and micro survey data,The changing trend and structural characteristics of
non-agricultural income of rural residents in China;Secondly,with the help of China
Family Tracking Survey (CFPS)data,this paper empirically analyzes and tests the
differences in the impact of social networks on the non-agricultural income of rural
residents and the impact of social networks on the non-agricultural income of rural
residents with self-employed and employed employment status from a micro
perspective;Thirdly,using the intermediary effect model,this paper empirically tests
the impact mechanism of social network on the non-agricultural income of
self-employed and employed rural residents;Finally,the paper analyzes the
heterogeneity of the impact of social network on the non-agricultural income of rural
residents of different ages,different genders and different regions.This study draws the
following basic conclusions:
First,social network can significantly improve the level of non-agricultural income of
II
重庆大学硕士学位论文Abstract
rural residents,and its role in promoting the non-agricultural income of self-employed
rural residents is stronger than that of employed residents.After the tail reduction
treatment of key variables,replacement of social network indicators,and the robustness
test of instrumental variable method,the conclusion is still reliable.
Second,social networks can promote the increase of non-agricultural income of
self-employed rural residents through two channels:increasing relation-based financing
and promoting information transmission,of which the information transmission channel
plays a leading role.
Third,social networks can promote the increase of non-agricultural income of
employed rural residents by providing job search assistance and improving their
professional status.The role of professional status is slightly stronger than that of job
search assistance.
Fourth,the impact of social networks on the non-agricultural income of
self-employed and employed rural residents shows the heterogeneity of age,gender and
region.
This paper puts forward the following countermeasures and suggestions:pay
attention to interpersonal communication and respect the rural customs;Correctly guide
the courtesy behavior and standardize the function space of human resources;Broaden
financing channels and provide more sufficient financial support for self-employed;
Provide labor supply and demand information to improve the efficiency of job matching
of employees;Increase investment in education and health and improve human capital.
Key Words:Social network;Rural residents;Non-farm income;Employment status
III