密级:论文编号:
学位论文
农民专业合作社对农户秸秆利用的影响研究
——基于冀豫川3省农户调查
硕士研究生：王帅
学号：82101212478
指导教师：王亚静副研究员
申请学位类别：管理学硕士
专业：农业经济管理
研究方向：农业经济理论与政策
培养单位：农业资源与农业区划研究所
研究生院
2024年6月
Secrecy:No.
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Thesis
Study on the Influence of Farmers 'Professional
Cooperatives on Farmers 'Straw Utilization
--Based on the survey of farmers in three provinces of
Hebei,Henan and Sichuan
Candidate:WANG Shuai
Student ID:82101212478
Supervisor:Associate Prof.WANG Yajing
Degree Type:Master of Science in Agricultural
Economics and Management
Major:Agricultural Economics &Management
Research Field:Theory and Policy in
Agricultural Economics
Institution:Institute of Agricultural Resources
and Regional Planning
Graduate School
June 2024
摘要
秸秆资源化利用是促进农业绿色发展的重要举措。我国农作物秸秆产生量随着粮食产量的增
加而增加，但其资源化利用水平却并未随着经济发展水平的提高而持续提高。如何破解农户资源
禀赋和农村要素市场发育局限、提高农户秸秆利用能力，是提高秸秆利用水平的关键。合作社因
其内嵌于乡土社会而具有独特的组织优势，在推动农业绿色发展方面得到了重新审视。合作社对
农户秸秆利用是否具有促进作用？作用机制是什么？是否具有异质性？阐明上述问题，有助于为
引导合作社等农村经济组织参与秸秆资源化利用提供新思路。
论文以农户秸秆资源化利用为研究对象，基于冀豫川3省645份农户微观调查数据，从合作
社参与视角，比较分析了社员农户与非社员农户在秸秆利用行为与认知上的差异，从模型实证角
度探讨了合作社对农户秸秆利用的影响效应。在此基础上，从组织支持和组织控制的视角剖析合
作社对农户秸秆利用的影响路径。最后，提出合作社组织视角提出促进农户秸秆利用的政策建议。
研究表明：第一，从总体来看，农户秸秆资源利用水平较低，均值仅为1.553，多数农户仍
处于部分利用状态，没有达到全量化利用；农户秸秆利用结构以还田利用为主，缺乏离田等多元
化利用；秸秆利用类型以肥料化和饲料化利用为主。第二，不同合作社参与下的农户秸秆利用的
认知与行为具有显著差异，社员农户在秸秆利用水平均值高于非社员农户，社员农户对秸秆资源
化利用的技术认知和政策认知水平也均显著高于非社员农户。第三，合作社参与影响农户秸秆资
源化利用的模型实证检验。根据内生转换模型的估计结果，合作社参与对农户秸秆利用的平均处
理效应为0.638，该结论在经过更换模型、剔除样本奇异值、以宏观数据为样本的再次估计等稳
健性检验后依然成立。异质性分析表明，粮食种植户和轮作区农户参与合作社对其秸秆利用的促
进效应更为显著，养殖业合作社和复合型合作社对农户秸秆利用水平的提升效应更明显。第四，
合作社通过组织支持和组织约束促进农户秸秆利用水平提高。考虑到当前合作社发展中的“空壳
社”现象，本文通过经济嵌入、身份嵌入和关系嵌入三个方面衡量社员农户的组织嵌入程度，结
果表明经济嵌入和身份嵌入能够正向调节合作社组织支持和组织控制对农户秸秆利用的影响，组
织嵌入程度越高，合作社的组织支持和组织约束措施对农户秸秆利用的促进作用越明显。
基于以上研究结论，给未来提高农户秸秆利用水平带来了如下启示。第一，引导合作社参与
秸秆利用服务供给。不断拓展合作社服务边界，增强秸秆利用技术服务供给，并提高合作社秸秆
利用服务供给与农户服务需求的匹配程度，提升合作社服务效率；第二，以秸秆利用为纽带的社
农服务合作模式。通过与农户签订秸秆利用或购销合同，或将农户自有秸秆作为生产要素折价作
为合作社向小农户提供生产支持的支付形式，盘活农户分散的秸秆资源要素的使用效率；第三，
优化组织治理以提高社农连接程度。多层面改善和优化合作社治理结构，强化合作社与社员之间
的关系紧密程度，提高成员的组织认同感和社农连接的紧密程度，巩固合作社资源节约利用和绿
色转型发展的制度支持和关系基础；第四，转变政府投资模式以弥合合作社发展不足。加强对合
作社秸秆收集能力建设帮扶，优化合作社秸秆储运网络。
关键词：农民专业合作社，农户秸秆利用，组织支持，组织控制
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Abstract
Straw resource utilization is an important initiative to promote green agricultural development.The
amount of crop straw produced in China has increased with the increase in food production,but the
level of its resource utilization has not continued to improve with the increase in the level of economic
development.How to break the limitations of farmers'endowment and rural factor market development,
and improve the ability of farmers to utilize straw is a key to promoting the utilization of straw by
farmers.Cooperatives,with their unique organizational advantages due to their embeddedness in the
vernacular society,have been re-examined in promoting green agricultural development.Do
cooperatives play a role in promoting straw utilization by farmers?What are the mechanisms?Is it
heterogeneous?Elucidating the above questions provides new ideas for guiding cooperatives and other
rural economic organizations to participate in straw resource utilization.
The paper takes straw resource utilization by farmers as the research object,based on 645
micro-survey data of farmers in three provinces of Hebei,Henan and Sichuan,analyzes the differences
in straw utilization behaviors and cognition between member and non-member farmers from the
perspective of cooperative participation,and explores the effect of cooperatives on straw utilization
from the perspective of modeling and empirical evidence.On this basis,the influence path of
cooperatives on farmers'straw utilization is analyzed from the perspectives of organizational support
and organizational control.Finally,put forward policy recommendations to promote farmers'straw
utilization from the perspective of cooperative organization.
The study shows that,first,from the overall perspective,the utilization level of straw resources of
farmers is low,with a mean value of only 1.553,and most of the farmers are still in the state of partial
utilization and have not reached the full quantitative utilization;the structure of straw utilization of
farmers is dominated by the utilization of returning to the field,and a lack of diversification in the
utilization of the straw is away from the field;and the type of straw utilization is dominated by the
utilization of fertilizers and fodder.Second,there are significant differences in the cognition and
behavior of straw utilization among different cooperatives,with the average value of straw utilization by
member farmers being higher than that of non-member farmers,and the level of technological and
policy cognition of straw resource utilization by members being significantly higher than that of
non-members.Third,cooperatives participate in the model empirical test of influencing farmers'straw
resource utilization.According to the estimation results of the endogenous transformation model,
part-time degree,quality of cultivated land,subsidy incentives and technical training are factors that
significantly affect farmers'cooperative participation,health status,identity characteristics,part-time
degree and quality of cultivated land are factors that significantly affect farmers'straw utilization,and
the average treatment effect of cooperative participation on farmers'straw utilization is 0.638,which
was found to be significant after the replacement of the model,the elimination of the singular value of
II
the sample and the macro data as sample and other robustness tests still hold.Heterogeneity analysis
shows that the promotion effect of grain farmers and farmers in crop rotation areas participating in
cooperatives on their straw utilization is more significant,and the enhancement effect of farming
cooperatives and composite cooperatives on the level of farmers'straw utilization is more obvious.
Fourth,cooperatives promote the improvement of farmers'straw utilization level through organizational
support and organizational constraints.Considering the phenomenon of "empty shell society"in the
development of cooperatives,this paper measures the degree of organizational embeddedness of
members through economic embeddedness,identity embeddedness and relational embeddedness,and
the results show that the economic embeddedness and identity embeddedness can positively regulate the
influence of organizational support and organizational control of cooperatives on the utilization of straw
by farmers,and the higher the organizational embeddedness,the higher the organizational support and
organizational constraint of cooperatives.The higher the degree of organizational embeddedness,the
more obvious is the promotion effect of the cooperative's organizational support and organizational
constraints on farmers'straw utilization.
Based on the above findings,the following insights are brought to the future improvement of
farmers'straw utilization.First,guide cooperatives to participate in the supply of straw utilization
services.Continuously expand the service boundaries of cooperatives,enhance the supply of technical
services for straw utilization,and improve the degree of matching between the supply of straw
utilization services of cooperatives and the service demands of farmers,so as to improve the service
efficiency of cooperatives.Second,take straw utilization as the link between the social and agricultural
service cooperation model.By signing straw generation and utilization contracts,straw purchase and
sale contracts with farmers,or discounting farmers'own straw as a production factor as a form of
payment for production support provided by cooperatives to small farmers,the use efficiency of
dispersed straw resources is revitalized.Third,optimizing the organization and governance to improve
the degree of social and agricultural connection.Improve and optimize the governance structure of
cooperatives on multiple levels,strengthen the closeness of the relationship between cooperatives and
their members,increase the sense of organizational identity of members and the closeness of social and
agricultural connections,and consolidate the institutional support and relational basis for the
cooperative's resource-saving utilization and green transformation and development;fourthly,change
the government's investment model in order to bridge the gap between cooperatives and their
insufficient development.Strengthening assistance to cooperatives in straw collection capacity building
and optimizing cooperative straw storage and transportation networks.
Keywords:Farmers'professional cooperatives,Farmers'straw utilization,Organizational support,
Organizational control
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