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MBA硕士毕业论文_业政策性银行拓展农地信贷业务研究PDF

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I 摘要 土地是稀缺资源,是农业生产的要素,但我国农地业务在资金需求和信贷供 给之间难以找寻平衡点,呈现供需失衡的状态。市场弱式有效情况下,迫切需要 政策性金融出谋划策、破解困境。中国农业发展银行(简称“农发行”)作为我 国唯一的农业政策性银行,必须充分发挥“当先导、补短板、逆周期”的职能作 用。1以农地为依托,围绕土地做文章,全面激活农地资源要素活力。此外,由 于当前宏观环境、监管环境、市场环境发生了深刻变化,农发行传统信贷模式难 以适应新形势新要求。农地信贷业务中央有部署、资金有需求、项目有收益,拓 展农地信贷业务,以土生金闯新路,也是当前农发行加快转型发展的形势所需、 现实所要。 为研究农发行YN分行如何更好地拓展农地信贷业务,本文从农地、农地信 贷、农业政策新银行等概念和农业政策性银行职能定位入手,借助STP理论、 PEST分析、信息不对称理论,结合国外农地信贷业务实践的分析,总结了国外 农地信贷在政府扶持政策好、法律制度保障全、资金来源渠道广、国家重视程度 高等方面的优势。通过对比分析国内农地信贷业务和农发行系统内农地业务,发 现了国内农地信贷存在法律制度保障不够、相关政策支持不足等问题。同时,从 农发行系统内农地信贷案例中得到了启示。在理论研究的基础上,本文以农发行 YN分行农地信贷为研究重点,系统阐述了农发行YN分行发展历程、经营情况、 业务范围、农地信贷业务历史沿革和业务支持情况。通过PEST分析法,分析了 农发行YN分行开办农地信贷业务面临的法律依据不充分、风险分摊难度大、矛 盾问题突出等问题。通过信息不对称理论,分析了YN分行办理农地信贷业务中 存在的获取关键指标上的信息不对称、指标交易情况上的信息不对称、信贷资金 使用上的信息不对称、土地价值评估上的信息不对称、需求和供给之间的信息不 对称等问题。这些问题的发现和研究,是反思、是提示、是预警,有利于农发行 YN分行在拓展农地业务时提前介入,制定合理策略;有利于其加强对外沟通, 1张建营;胡永亮;融资融智惠民生——农发行山西省分行高效助力临县脱贫攻坚,《中国金融家》, 2020-08-15 摘要 II 争取优惠政策;有利于其完善规章制度,降低风险成本;有利于其强化机制建设, 提高发展能力。 分析了存在问题后,本文又利用STP理论对农发行YN分行拓展支持农地 信贷业务的必要性进行了分析,说明了拓展农地信贷业务是其发挥职能作用、实 现业务发展的需要,总结了其拓展农地业务的政策优势、职能优势、省情优势、 机构优势、声誉优势。同时,为解决农发行YN分行农地信贷业务存在的问题, 本文从国家政策支持角度,提出了国家应在拓宽农发行的融资渠道、调整业务职 能、加大资金扶持和政策倾斜方面给予农发行政策支持,在完善土地管理政策机 制、高标准高要求做好乡村规划编制、激活农村集体土地交易市场方面进一步作 为,为农发行发挥职能作用、拓展农地信贷业务营造良好的外部环境。并提出农 发行YN分行应结合实际,强化产品创新,新增耕地保护提升、资源保护和生态 修复等贷款品种;强化业务跟进,聚焦高标准农田建设、聚焦现代农业园区建设、 聚焦土地复垦项目,进一步加大农地信贷支持力度;强化制度建设,推动成立专 项发展基金、优化营销宣传制度、建立“五个关口”制度;强化科技支撑,建立 远程监管系统、与省级公司建立监管平台;强化管理技能,建立常态化对接机制、 专业营销团队、增加客户黏性、加强贷后管理,从而夯实其拓展农地信贷业务基 础的意见建议。 本文研究过程紧扣农发行YN分行拓展农地信贷业务的职责所在和现实所需, 结合国内外农地信贷业务经验做法,围绕农发行YN分行在农地信贷业务现状、 存在问题、主要优势等方面具体内容,提出了针对性强、操作性强的意见建议。 因为农地信贷业务尚未成熟,目前还处于摸索研究阶段。本文形成的结论,可以 对农发行YN分行拓展支持农地业务提供很好的参考借鉴,对于其他有意向开展 农地信贷业务的金融机构而言,也具有一定的借鉴意义。 关键词:农业政策性银行;农地信贷业务;拓展。 ABSTRACT III Abstract Landisascarceresourceandanessentialfactorofagriculturalproduction,butit isdifficulttofindabalancepointbetweencapitaldemandandcreditsupplyinChina's agriculturallandbusiness.Whenthemarketisweakandeffective,policyfinanceis urgentlyneededtogiveadviceandsolvethedilemma.Astheonlyagriculturalpolicy bankinChina,theAgriculturalDevelopmentBankofChina(ADBC)shouldplaythe roleof"beingtheforerunner,supplementingtheweakboardandreversingthecycle". Relyingonagriculturalland,aroundthelandtodothearticle,fullyactivatethe vitalityofagriculturallandresourceelements.Inaddition,duetothecurrent macro-environment,regulatoryenvironment,marketenvironmenthasundergonea profoundchange,AgriculturalDevelopmentBankoftraditionalcreditmodeldifficult toadapttothenewsituationandnewrequirements.Itisalsonecessaryandrealistic fortheAgriculturalDevelopmentBanktospeedupitstransformationand developmentthatthecentralgovernmentdeploystheagriculturallandcreditbusiness, thefundsareneededandtheprojectsareprofitable.Inordertostudyhowtoexpand theagriculturallandcreditbusinessofYnbranchofAgriculturalDevelopmentBank, thispaperstartswiththeconceptsofagriculturalland,agriculturallandcredit,new AgriculturalPolicyBankandthefunctionorientationofAgriculturalPolicyBankof China,withthehelpofSTPtheory,PESTanalysisandInformationasymmetry theory,combinedwiththeanalysisofoverseaspracticeofrurallandcreditbusiness, thispapersummarizestheadvantagesofforeignrurallandcreditintheaspectsof goodgovernmentsupportpolicy,fullprotectionoflegalsystem,widesourcesof funds,highdegreeofnationalattention,etc..Throughthecomparativeanalysisof domesticagriculturallandcreditoperations,foundthatthedomesticagriculturalland creditlegalsystemprotectionisnotenough,thelackofpolicysupportandother issues.Onthebasisoftheoreticalresearch,thispaperfocusesonagriculturalland creditofYNbranchofAgriculturalDevelopmentBankofChinathispaper systematicallyexpoundsthedevelopmentcourse,operationsituation,businessscope, historyevolutionandbusinesssupportofagriculturallandcreditbusinessofYN ABSTRACT IV branchofAgriculturalDevelopmentBankofChina.BymeansofPESTanalysis,this paperanalyzestheproblemssuchasinsufficientlegalbasis,difficultyofrisk allocation,andoutstandingcontradiction,etc.ThroughInformationasymmetrytheory, thispaperanalyzestheproblemsexistinginYNBranch'sagriculturallandcredit business,suchastheInformationasymmetryofobtainingkeyindicators,the Informationasymmetryoftradingindicators,theInformationasymmetryofusing creditfunds,theInformationasymmetryoflandvalueassessment,andthe Informationasymmetrybetweendemandandsupply.Thediscoveryandresearchof theseproblemsisareflection,areminderandanearlywarning,whichishelpfulfor thebanktointerveneinadvanceandmakeareasonablestrategywhenitexpandsits farmlandbusiness,andforittostrengthencommunicationwiththeoutsideworldand striveforpreferentialpoliciesItisbeneficialtoimprovetherulesandregulations, reducetheriskcost,strengthenthemechanismconstructionandimprovethe developmentcapacity. Afteranalyzingtheexistingproblems,thispaperusesSTPtheorytoanalyzethe necessityofYNBranchofAgriculturalDevelopmentBankofChinatoexpandand supportagriculturallandcreditbusiness,andexplainsthatexpandingagriculturalland creditbusinessistheneedforittoplayafunctionalroleandrealizebusiness development,andsummarizesitspolicyadvantages,functionaladvantages,provincial advantages,institutionaladvantagesandreputationadvantagestoexpandagricultural landbusiness.Atthesametime,inordertosolvetheproblemsexistinginagricultural landcreditbusinessofYNbranchofagriculturalissuance,thispaperputsforward fromtheperspectiveofnationalpolicysupportthatthestateshouldgiveagricultural issuancepolicysupportinwideningthefinancingchannelsofagriculturalissuance, adjustingbusinessfunctions,increasingfinancialsupportandpolicytilt,andfurther serveasafunctionofagriculturalissuanceandexpandagriculturallandcredit businesstocreateagoodexternalenvironment.ItisalsoproposedthattheYN BranchofAgriculturalDevelopmentBankofChinashouldcombinetheactual situation,strengthenproductinnovation,addnewloanvarietiessuchasfarmland protectionandqualityimprovement,landandresourcesprotectionandecological ABSTRACT V restoration,strengthenbusinessfollow-up,focusonhigh-standardfarmland construction,focusonmodernagriculturalparkconstruction,focusonland reclamationprojects,furtherincreasecreditsupportforagriculturalland,strengthen institutionalconstruction,promotetheestablishmentofspecialdevelopmentfunds, optimizemarketingpublicitysystem,establish"fivekey"system,strengthenscientific andtechnologicalsupport,andestablisharemotesupervisionsystem.Establisha regulatoryplatformwithprovincialcompanies,strengthenmanagementskills, establishanormaldockingmechanism,pr