天然气热电联产是解决城市能源发展与环境约束之间日益突出矛盾的重要 途径之一，特别是像青岛这样集滨海旅游、国家生态、国际化等特色与一体的大 中城市。燃用清洁的天然气可明显改善环境空气质量，具有可观的环境效益，对 于实现节能减排目标，为城市集中供热、节约能源和改善环境做出贡献，促进青 岛市国民经济、资源利用的可持续发展；改善供热质量，有助于提高人民生活水 平，具有良好的社会效益，对建设环境友好型社会和资源节约型社会有很大的推 动作用。因此，报告所开展的大唐青岛天然气热电联产工程可行性分析的研究工 作，其选题具有重要的学术意义和工程实用价值。 本文对国内外的研究和应用现状进行了充分调研和分析。以天然气热电联产 工程在青岛实施的可行性为研究对象，从热负荷分析、电力系统规划、燃料供应 与工程规划以及经济与环境效益评价等四个方面，对天然气热电联产工程在青岛 实施的可行性进行了充分的分析与论证，并提出了一整套具体且详尽的可行性方 案。最终得出结论，本项目具有安装方便、运行灵活、可靠、使用能源清洁等优 点，既能承担基本负荷，又可作为备用或调峰机组，符合国家政策、法律法规， 有良好的经济效益。因此，本项目是可行的。 关键词，天然气；热电联产；经济效益；可行性研究华北电力大学硕士学位报告 II Abstract Natural gas cogeneration is one of the important ways to solve the increasingly prominent contradiction between energy development for urban and environment constraints, especially such as Qingdao set of coastal tourism, national ecological and internationalization features and integration of large and medium-sized cities. Burning clean natural gas can significantly improve the air environment quality, and have considerable environmental benefits, make contribution for achieving targets of energy-saving emission reduction, urban central heating, saving energy and improving the environment, promote the Qingdao city national economy and resource utilization of sustainable development; improve the quality of heating, help to improve the people's living standards, has great role in promoting environment friendly society and resource conserving society. Therefore, the research work of Datang Qingdao natural gas cogeneration project feasibility analysis, have important academic significance and engineering practical value in research work. This paper makes full investigation and analysis on the domestic and foreign research and application of the situation. Choose feasibility of natural gas cogeneration project implemented in Qingdao as the research object, from the thermal load analysis, power system planning, fuel supply and project planning and economic and environmental benefit evaluation four aspects, make full analysis and argumentation on the feasibility of the implementation of the natural gas cogeneration project in Qingdao, and put forward a set of specific and detailed feasibility scheme. Draw the final conclusion: the project has convenient installation, flexible operation, reliable, clean energy and other advantages, both can bear the load, and as a backup or peaking units, in line with national policies, laws and regulations, has good economic benefits. Therefore, this project is feasible. Keywords: natural gas ; cogeneration ; economic benefit ; feasibility study华北电力大学硕士学位报告 III 目 录 摘要.................................................................................................................. I Abstract ................................................................................................................. II 目 录..................................................................................................................III 第 1 章 绪论..........................................................................................................1 1.1 课题背景及研究意义.............................................................................1 1.2 国内外研究现状.....................................................................................3 1.3 本课题主要研究内容.............................................................................5 第 2 章 青岛天然气热电联产工程热负荷分析..................................................6 2.1 工程概况、研究范围、原则.................................................................6 2.1.1 工程概况......................................................................................6 2.1.2 研究范围......................................................................................7 2.1.3 设计原则......................................................................................7 2.2 热负荷分析.............................................................................................8 2.2.1 热源现状及存在问题..................................................................8 2.2.2 热负荷与发展规划.......................................................................8 2.2.3 设计热负荷的选取....................................................................12 2.2.4 供热介质及参数........................................................................12 2.2.5 城市热网建设要求....................................................................13 2.3 本章小结...............................................................................................13 第 3 章 电力系统规划........................................................................................15 3.1 电力系统现状.......................................................................................15 3.1.1 山东电力系统概况....................................................................15 3.1.2 青岛电力系统现状....................................................................15 3.2 电厂近区电力需求预测.......................................................................16 3.3 电源规划及电力平衡分析...................................................................17 3.3.1 电源规划....................................................................................17 3.3.2 电力平衡....................................................................................18 3.3.3 电厂接入系统方案....................................................................19 3.4 本章小结...............................................................................................21 第 4 章 燃料供应与工程规划............................................................................22 4.1 燃料供应...............................................................................................22 华北电力大学硕士学位报告 IV 4.1.1 燃料来源....................................................................................22 4.1.2 燃料输送....................................................................................22 4.1.3 燃料品质....................................................................................23 4.1.4 燃料消耗量................................................................................24 4.1.5 燃料供应系统............................................................................25 4.2 电厂总体规划.......................................................................................26 4.2.1 总体规划原则............................................................................26 4.2.2 厂址总体规划............................................................................26 4.2.3 装机方案....................................................................................27 4.2.4 人力资源配置............................................................................29 4.2.5 进度管理....................................................................................31 4.3 本章小结...............................................................................................32 第 5 章 经济效益分析与环境效益评价............................................................33 5.1 投资估算...............................................................................................33 5.1.1 工程投资....................................................................................33 5.1.2 与参考造价指标比较分析........................................................33 5.2 经济效益分析.......................................................................................34 5.2.1 财务评价....................................................................................34 5.2.2 经济效益指标............................................................................36 5.2.3 财务评价结论............................................................................37 5.3 环境效益评价.......................................................................................37 5.3.1 环境现状....................................................................................37 5.3.2 环境影响分析............................................................................38 5.3.3 污染防治措施............................................................................40 5.4 水土保持措施.......................................................................................43 5.4.1 工程措施....................................................................................43 5.4.2 植物措施....................................................................................44 5.4.3 临时工程措施............................................................................44 5.4.4 水土流失监测............................................................................44 5.5 本章小结...............................................................................................45 第 6 章 结论与展望............................................................................................46 6.1 结论.......................................................................................................46 6.2 展望.......................................................................................................47